GV 467 P75X hHT

(y^^j HANDBOOK

OF

SCHOOL-GYMNASTICS

OF THE SWEDISH SYSTEM

WITH ONE HUNDRED CONSECUTIVE TABLES OF EXERCISES AND AN APPENDIX OF CLASSIFIED LISTS OF MOVEMENTS

BY

BARON" NILS POSSE, M.G.

©BADTJATE OF THE BOYAL GYMNASTIC CENTEAL INSTITUTE SWEDEN

NEW EEVI8ED EDITION

BOSTON :

LOTHROP, LEE & SHEPARD CO.

COPTRIGHT, 1891, BY NiLS POSSB.

Copyright, 1902, by Eose Posse. All Rights Reserved.

HANDBOOK OF SCHOOL-GYMNASTICS, SWEPtSH 8T8TEM.

Berwick & Smith, Norwood, Mass., U.S.A.

PEEFACE

The history of Swedish gymnastics in America may be said to have begun with the work of Dr. George H. Taylor, who, after studying in Sweden, introduced the *' movement cure into this country, and who for years was the only American writer on this subject. He was soon followed by stray medical gymnasts who located in the larger cities of the East. Yet their work seems to have been confined to a small area, for as late as seven years ago very little was known of medical gymnastics even among physicians; and as for the educational branch, no one seemed to have ^ heard of it. The author of this book was surprised to find his profession looked upon as one of the low- est. That a masseur or gymnast needed to possess not only a good general education, but a professional one as well, was known to but few. During the last five years, however, gymnastics have been slowly, but surely, advancing towards a place among the sci- ences, and it will not be long before we shall begin to see a marked change in the national characteristics.

In 1887 the author published a little pamphlet en- titled Medical Gymnastics," which chanced to fall into the hands of a noted philanthropist. Her atten- tion ll&,ving been thus called to the subject, in 1888 - 7

8

Preface

she secured the seryices of the author to demonstrate Swedish gymnastics to a class of teachers from the Boston public schools ; and the experiment proved so successful that another class composed of masters of Boston schools was placed under the same instruction, and from this beginning was developed a school of gymnastics, of which the author became director. The next year one hundred teachers were given free instruction in this school, the masters' class was con- tinued, and various practice classes were formed. Besides being the sole instructor for all these classes, the author was given the work of introducing Swedish gymnastics into the Boston Normal School, where daily all the pupils came under his instruction. More- over, during all this time the author was giving vari- ous public lectures on the subject, and was called before the school committee of Boston to explain the system, and present arguments in its favor. After much discussion, and notwithstanding great opposi- tion, Swedish gymnastics became officially authorized in the Boston schools in June, 1890; but it is to be remembered that in many of the schools the system had already been taught for over a year. Previous to this start in Boston, attempts had been made by un- trained teachers in one or two other cities to bring the system to the front, but no prominence had been given to their efforts.

With this began a new era, and now a curious thing occurs. Everybody attempts teaching Swedish gym- nastics, and one has only to be a Scandinavian to be considered competent to teach this subject. That the system has survived in this country under such cir-

Preface

9

cumstances stands greatly to its credit.- We have wit- nessed the strange spectacle of city after city adopting the system, and (with one or two exceptions) secur- ing poorly trained teachers to introduce it, and after- wards wondering at the bad results attained. The arrogance of some teachers has even gone so far that they deny all authority but their own. Even the word of the late Prof. Hj. Ling (the son of P. H. Ling), whom the Swedes rank foremost, has no weight with them, and the laws of the human body they regard as being of no consequence whatever.

Since severing his connection with the Boston School of Gymnastics, the author has been enabled to propagate the system on a larger scale from a school of his own ; and, at the urgent solicitation of his pupils, has decided to publish what he had been saving for riper times, — a manual which is the result of five years' work, and a much longer period of investiga- tion.

The author objects most sincerely to making teach- ers into machines, and desires that this book be merely a guide for those who are already familiar with the subject, and who can couple their individuality to that of another, and who are teachers, not imitators. The tables have been arranged so as to suit all the condi- tions of a school ; and with the progressive lists at the end of the book, a teacher of gymnastics can easily expand the tables so as to make them correspond to any conditions under which he is teaching. Those who desire to learn more about the rationale of the system are referred to The Swedish System of Edu- cational Gymnastics (published by Lee & Shepard),

10

Preface

and The Scientific Aspect of Swedish Gymnastics " (Posse Gymnasium, Boston), by the same author.

Although this book is in a measure a new departure, it is based upon the writings of Hj. Ling (who was professor of educational gymnastics at the K. G. C. I. when the author took his first year's course there) and upon the teaching of the present faculty of the Royal Gym. Cent. Inst, of Stockholm, the only recog- nized authorities on this subject.

THE AUTHOR.

Posse Gymnasium, 23 Irvington St., Boston, Masg.

FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES AND ADVICE TO THE TEACHER

§ 1. Definition. The aim of educational gymnastics is to develop the body into a harmonious whole under the perfect control of the will. It is not to produce great bulk of muscle, but to cause that already present to respond readily to volition ; to improve the functional activity of the body ; and to counteract and correct tendencies to abnormal development, especially those resulting from " the artificial life of civilization.''

§ 2. A gymnastic movement has a definite space, time, velocity, force, and purpose ; and it must be executed with full volition in order to produce the utmost effect toward physical development. Movements per- formed automatically have but little effect in this direction.

§3. Choice of Exercise. Movements 11

12

School Gymnastics

are chosen for physical and physiological effects — local or general ; so that only those exercises are used whose effects are needed, and those are excluded whose effects are doubtful or pernicious. No teacher should attempt to apply a movement which he does not fully understand. No exercise should be used because " it looks pretty.''

§ 4. The more an exercise has the " correc- tive " effect, indicated in § 1, the greater is its value.

§ 5. The Dose. To be developing, gym- nastics must be systematic : Exercise should be taken in correct " doses " with regular intervals, and with a progression from the easy and simple to that which is harder and more complicated.

§ 6. From half an hour a day to an hour should be allotted to gymnastics; and it is better to take the whole of this time for one lesson than to distribute it in ten-minute doses over the day. The last arrangement is suitable only for small children as a rest

Fundamental Principles 13

from study or recitation at the age (kinder- garten) where but little is to be expected from gymnastics, Nature herself taking care of the proper development of the body.

§ 7. Progression is twofold : (a) from ex- ercise to exercise in the same lesson, and (b)

from the movements of one lesson to those of another.

§ 8. Progression (a). Experience having proved that if the exercises in every lesson followed each other in a certain order, better results could be gained, this order was made the basis for the classification of the gym- nastic movements, and the following groups were received : —

1. Introductions.

r 2. Arch-flexions.

General. < 3. Heaving-movements.

4. Balance-movements.

C 5. Shoulder-blade-movements.

Local. -{ 6. Abdominal exercises.

1^ 7. Lateral trunk-movements.

C 8. Slow leg-movements.

General. < 9. Jumping and vaulting.

1. 10. Respiratory exercises.

each lesson containing one or more from each group in the order enumerated. This pre-

14

School Gymnastics

supposes the use of apparatus for heaving- movements. In total absence of such apparatus, the following arrangement has been recommended as being more suitable.

1. Introductions.

(2. Lateral trunk-movement [T. rot.].)

3. Substitute for heaving-movement (A. ext. or 2 A. ext.).

4. Arch-flexion.

5. Balance-movement.

6. Shoulder-blade-movement.

7. Abdominal exercise.

8. Lateral trunk-movement (T. sidew. flex.).

9. Jumping.

10. Slow leg-movement.

11. Respiratory exercise.

This is the plan usually followed in the tables given in this manual.

§ 9. Progression {b) is made by keep- ing the same exercise and making various changes in it, or by using a different and stronger exercise of the same kind.

§ 10. For the same movement progression is made by : —

1. Changing the rhythm ; for instance: "Pre- pare to jump — one! Two! Three ! Four J

Fundamental Principles 15

later becomes The same — one^two ! Three ! Four ! " or " One ! Two^three ! Four ! " etc.

2. Combining several motions into series or increasing duration of movement. For in- stance : " Arms forward, sideways and back- ward stretch — one ! Two ! One ! Two ! One - Two ! " later becomes " Arms forward, side- ways and backward — stretch ! " etc.

3. Decreasing the base. For instance, side- ways flexion of the trunk at first done with feet astride, is later done with feet together, one foot in advance of the other, etc.

4. Increasing the lever of the weight, as when in arch-flexions we successively use wing, yard, rest, and stretch position of the arms, the weight being the same (the body above the hips).

5. Increasing the weight or the muscular resistance. Examples of the former are the use of dumb-bells, chest-weights, etc. In childhood Nature provides this progression through growth; and art needs to add no external weights, especially as the use of

16

School Gymnastics

these involves a twofold progression; viz., increase of the weight and of its lever. In- crease of muscular resistance can be accom- plished in slow movements by bringing the " antagonists into play. (For inst., slow 2 A. ext. upw. with elbows drawn well back).

6. Changing the velocity, making rapid movements slow, and slow movements rapid, in the first case producing " antagonistic " resistance, in the last increasing the momen- tum of the weight (quick T. flex, sidew. etc.).

§ 11. Considering the muscular activity, movements should progress from excentric, to concentric, to statical activity. For in> stance, yd. d stoop st. 2 A. elev. is at first begun from Str. stoop st. pos.

Excentric Contraction = Muscle contracts but grows longer : — gives up to the weight. For instance, rise on tip-toe and bend your knees : — the extensors are allowing the knees to flex.

Concentric Contraction = Muscle shortens, overcomes the weight. For instance, rise

Fundamental Principles 17

from sitting position : — the extensors stretch the knees.

Statical Activity = Muscle is in active con- traction, but grows neither longer nor shorter. For instance, bend the knees to 90° and stay in that position.

No position should be used as commencing position for a movement, unless it has pre- viously been practised as final position of some other movement.

§ 12. Any exercise may serve as its own progression when repeated at a later period ; for, each time the pupiFs ability must have grown, so that he can give the movement better form, and hence get greater effect from it. Perfection is seldom, if ever, reached.

§ 13. Progression by taking a different movement involves the laws of leverage as applied to bodily movements. As these be- long in the domain of general kinesiology, we will merely indicate the manner of pro- cedure, without going into the details of it ; Measure the lever of the force (a) (the

18

School Gymnastics

median of the muscles used), also the weight (W) and its lever (b) ; the muscular force (P) needed for equilibrium is then= ^ W. Applying this to different movements, these can be compared and arranged in order from lighter to stronger.

§ 14. In gymnastics, always use the simple before the complicated, that which requires little co-ordination before that which involves the activity of a great many parts at once.

§ 15. Progression should be made as rapid as possible, for the question is to accomplish the most in the shortest time. Yet never leave an exercise until the class can do it as well as their degrees of physical culture at the time will permit. Do not hurry for the sake of vari- ety and at the expense of developing effect.

§ 16, Do not let G-ymnastics degener- ate into drill; but remember that move- ments are practised for their physiological effects, and not to learn the particular "trick'' of doing them. On the other hand, when faulty form of motion or posture is caused by

Fundamental Principles

19

carelessness or indifference and not by physi- cal inability, then drill : repeat the move- ment until the pupil will do it correctly. Eemember that gymnastics should be a re- creation, and not a punishment — for as such they will be regarded by those who have for instructor a drill-master instead of a teacher of gymnastics. Too much " drill produces stiff movements — counteracts grace — and develops automatons instead of supple beings of flesh and blood, full of energy and life. When a child exercises because he is forced to do so, and not because he enjoys it, his movements lack volition, and lose some of their best effects.

§ 17. Room. If the exercises are taken in the class-room, this should be kept well swept and dusted ; and the windows should be kept open during the exercises, whenever the temperature permits. When the corridors are large enough, these are to be preferred to the class-room for gymnastic purposes. (Some simple apparatus : horizontal bar or stall-bars

20 School Gymnastics

could easily be put up here, without spoiling the appearance of the corridor or encroaching much upon the space.) In the warm season a gravelled school-yard forms an excellent gymnasium.

§ 18. Dress. No tight or heavy clothing is to be worn during the exercises ; turned- down collars (if any), loose jackets, and no sus- penders for boys ; blouse-waists (no corsets !) and light skirts for girls. Pupils who come to school in unsuitable atfcire should not be al- lowed to exercise, as injury may result from the wearing of tight clothing during gymnastics.

§ 19. Commands. All exercises are exe- cuted to words of command, since this is the best means of securing full volition in the movements ; besides, it saves time and im- proves discipline and order.

§ 20. Commands have two parts : — one preparatory describing the movement, one executory indicating the moment of its per- formance as well as its velocity. The prepara- tory command should be spoken slowly and

Fundamental Principles

21

loudly so that all may fully understand it. A cautionary part may be prefixed warning against the most common faults of execution. The executory command is spoken quickly if the movement is to be rapid (indicated in the tables by acute accent), slowly if it is to be slow. Give a rising inflection in the first case, or when the motion is upward ; a falling inflection in the last case, or when the motion is downward.

§ 21. Make all commands as short as pos- sible and use as few as possible. Do not read them off like a sermon, but have some variety of tone, and try never to say the same command twice alike. A monotonous voice has a very soporific effect, and after a while but few of the pupils will put any volition into the movements. Do not use commands for the sake of hearing your own voice.

§ 22. Put your whole energy into your teaching, but do not become pedantic (see § 16 about drill), as that has an effect similar to that of the somnolent voice. The life.

22

School Gymnastics

spirit, and enthusiasm the teacher puts into his work soon become contagious, and the results gained will prove proportionate to his ability in this direction.

§ 23. At first let the pause between pre- paratory and executory command correspond to the length of time required to get volition into the muscles that are going to be active. Later vary its length, so as never to allow the movements to become mechanical. In slow movements it is a good plan to give the pre- paratory command of the next movement before the first one has been fully completed, as this is a means of securing the best pre- cision. Do not shorten the pause or abbre- viate the commands so much as to cause the movements to occur in a slovenly manner or to become incomplete ; but remember the words of Gust. ISTyblaeus that you may take it for granted that careless gymnastics are no gymnastics, and that dull gymnastics are poor gymnastics.' '

§ 24. When attention " is ordered insist

Fundamental Frinciples 23

upon having attention ; and to secure the highest degree of this let it frequently alter- nate with rest stand at ease or " in place rest''). Do not command attention unless the class is standing " at ease^^ for too fre- quent a use of this command will make both teacher and pupils forget its real meaning.

§ 25. Never make elaborate corrections while keeping the class in a difficult posi- tion ; for, while two or three individuals are being attended to, the rest of the class get tired and lose their good posture. Make the class stand at ease when the individual is being corrected, and then let the whole class repeat the movement. The manual cor- rection takes the least time, and has also the advantage of enabling the teacher to correct more than one at a time : — he can adjust the posture of one pupil while giving verbal cor- rections to another or to the class as a whole.

§ 26. Good Language. Try to use good English when teaching. If the command for a position is bend,'^ the corresponding com-

24

School Gymnastics

mand is stretch/' In a like manner use the words lift and sink, raise and lower, so that the opposites are used for opposite move- ments. Do not say " upward raise " and " downward sink,'' as raising is a movement upward, sinking a movement downward, etc. To those having an average knowledge of the requirements of good language these remarks may seem unnecessary. But such phrases have constantly been used in places where Swedish gymnastics are supposed to be taught, and not only that, but these errors have appeared in print as the correct forms of command.

Another point to be observed is not to use very scientific terms when teaching children. Thus do not say Arm-elevation, heel-eleva- tion and inhalation — one ! Two ! " but " Arms sideways lift, heels lift and breathe in — one ! Sink and breathe out — two ; " etc.

§ 27. Position. A gymnastic movement consists of a commencing position, a final position, and a chain of intermediate posi- tions ; and it is rendered exact when these are

Fundamental Principles 25

correctly executed. A correct movement can be executed only from a correct commencing position; and its final position, if correct, usually is a proof' of exactness of perform- ance. Hence the class should be kept long enough in each position for the teacher to judge of the effect and to make corrections accordingly.

§ 28. Duration of Movement. Every movement should be repeated at least three consecutive times to each side before the class proceeds to another movement. To do a movement only once has but little effect. Do not give a movement too long duration (compare § 16), especially if it is powerful in its effects (like the arch-flexions, etc.). All movements should be executed in the simplest manner ; stiffness, jerks, or unneces- sary flourishes are foreign to rational gym- nastics. Take the positions in the shortest way, and make as little show " as possible. Remember that large, roundabout, and clumsy movements characterize those who lack phys- ical culture.

26

School Gymnastics

§ 29. Positions are primary and derived. The primary are five : lying, sitting, kneel- ing, standing, and hanging. The derived positions are simple and complex ; the former being positions of the legs, arms, and trunk, the latter combinations of these.

§ 80. Positions of the Legs.

1. standing position or fundamental pos. (st. pos.) : Heels together or slightly apart ; feet at an angle of 90^ ; knees straight ; hips carried backward, chest forward and well expanded ; shoulders held back and down ; head erect with chin drawn in ; arms along the sides ; palms flat on the outside of the thighs and drawn slightly backward ; the weight of the body carried well forward. The position should be free from all stiiBfness. St. pos. is taken at the command '^Atten- tion ! " or, if the class is under attention, but has some other position, the command is Position ! " when fund. pos. is taken the shortest way. In abbreviations of complex positions " st.^' refers to all parts not men- tioned, and means that these are in fund. pos.

Fundamental Principles 27

2. J St. pos. (Fig. 3, 1) = one foot is raised from the ground.

3. Close St. pos. (Fig. 1, 11) : — The feet are turned straight forward, their insides

6^1
	s
/o 1

Fig. 1.

touching. Command: Feet — close "Posi- tion I [or ''Feet — ojpen ! ^' ] The balls of the feet are raised and not scraped on the ground.

i line through heels

4. Stride st. pos. (Fig. 1. 1 & 2) \ parallel with one

( through shoulders.

5. Walk a St. pos (Fig.l. 3) 1 „^ ^^^^ ,^

^* a c " \ " ^vaiice of the

Feet twice their own length apart ; both knees straight ; weight carried equally by both legs.

28

School Gymnastics

Commands f or 4 : — Left (r.) foot sideways — place or ''Feet sideways place — one! Two!''

For 7 : — " Feet — close ! Left (r.) foot for- loard (backw,) — place ! ''

For 5, 6, 8 : — Left (r.) foot sideways for- ward (backw,), forward (backw.), crosswise forward (backw.) — place ! ''

9. Toe support ) wlk. b. st. pos. = wlk. st. b.

10. Heel " ) but distance between feet more than two foot-lengths ; backward heel or forward ball raised.

Commands : — 9. " Left (r.) foot toe-sup- porting backward — place ! "

Commands : — 10. " Left (r.) foot heel- supporting forward — place ! ''

11. Fallout St. a. b. c. (Fig. 1, 7, 8 & 9) = one foot in advance of the other ; distance three foot-lengths; forward knee bent; backward knee straight ; body in a line with the back- ward leg, unless otherwise ordered.

12. Fallout St. d. (Fig. 1. 10) = fallout St. b. except that the distance is more than three

Fundamental Principles

29

foot-lengths and the backward heel is ele- vated ; trunk erect.

Commands : for a : — " Left (r.) foot side- ways forward [backward ] — fall-out ! "

Commands : for b : — " Left (r.) foot back- ward {forw,) — fall'^out !

Commands : fore; — ''Feet — cl6se! Left (r.) foot forw, (backw.) — fall-out ! "

Commands: for d: — ''Left (r.) foot, toe supporting, large step backward — place !

13. Hor. (=Horizontal) J st, pes. = fallout st. b, but the backward leg is elevated to hori- zontal pos., the forward foot alone carrying the weight.

Command : — " Horizontal half standing position, left (r.) leg backward — lift /

14. Toe St. pos. = The heels are raised. Command: "Heels — lift/ (Sink/)''

15. Courtesy st. pos. (Fig. 2, heavy lines) = The heels are raised and the knees bent to right angles.

Command : " Heels — lift ! Knees — bend ! (Knses — stretch I Heels — sink !)

30 School Gymnastics

Fig. 2.

16. Courtesy sitt. pos. (Fig. 2, dotted lines) = The heels are raised and the knees bent to utmost flexion.

Command : " Heels — lift! Knees — bend! Sit! {Knees — stretch ! etc.)

17. Cr. ( = crook) a ^ St. pos. (Fig. 3, 2) = One leg raised forward, hip and knee bent at right angles ; toes pointing downward.

Command : Left (r.) knee upward — bend ! "

18. Cr. h. i St. pos. (Fig. 3, 3) = One leg raised forward to hori- zontal pos. ; straight and instep stretched.

Command : from Cr. a ^ St. pos. " Knee forward — stretch ! "

Fig. 3.

Fundamental Principles 31

19. Cr, h i courtesy sitt. pos. = From cour- tesy sitt. pos. one leg is raised to horizontal pos.

Command: from courtesy sitt. pos. ''Left (r.) leg forw, — stretch from Reach cr. h \ St. pos. " (To sitting position) Eight (I.) knee — hendf'

20. Kn. ( = knee) st. pos. (Fig. 4). Com- mand: "Kneel!'' or "Heels — lift! To sitting^ knees — bend ! Kneel I " = Heels to- gether; balls of feet on the floor; knees apart on the floor ; hips stretched ; body erect.

21. i Kn. St. pos. (Fig. 4j dotted lines) = One leg as in kn. st. ; the other foot on the floor ; leg vertical ; thigh hori- zontal.

Command : " On the'_

left — kneel ! or " Half

^ Fig. 4.

knee standing on the left

knee — place ! The leg named moves back

32

School Gymnastics

as in fallout st. d pos. and this knee is gently placed on the floor.

- — there by another

§ 31. Movements of the Legs: 1. Foot placing, sideways or in any other direction.

Command: ''Left (r.) foot forward (sidew. etc.) — place ! Change feet — one ! Two I or '' Foot placing forward {sidew. ^ etc.), left and right — one ! . . . Four ! (or Start !) etc.

Whenever the feet are moved, they should be lifted, not scraped on the ground. To make a neat motion, raise the heel first, then push off with the ball of the foot ; press the foot down without unnecessary noise.

22. Footgrasp i

foot is inserted for- ward in some firm apparatus (stall- bars) or placed on a chair and held

Fig 5.

pupil.

Fundamental Princi'ples, 33

2. 2 Heel elev. Command : " Heels — lift ! Sink!'' or " Heel-elev, — one ! Two!'' The' first movement is rapid, the second slow. Do not come down heavily on the heels.

3. Alt. toe elev. Command : " Alternate toe- elevation (or toe-lifting) — one ! Two ! , , , (or Start ! Stop !) " As the ball of one foot is raised the other is lowered.

4. Alt. toe and heel elev. Command : " Al- ternate toe and heel elevation (or lifting) — one! Two! (or Start! Stop!)" l = Eaise heels. 2 = Lower heels and raise balls of feet.

5. 2 Kn. flex. ( = double knee flexion). Command, see § 30, 15 and 16. Knees are turned in direction of feet ; trunk and head erect. In courtesy st. pos. heels are held together ; in courtesy sitt. they are apart.

6. Ii. ( = leg) elev. sidew. (Fig. 6) backw. (Fig. 3, 1), etc. Command : " Left (r.) leg sideways (backw,, etc.) — lift! Change feet — one ! Two ! " The weight being moved over to the carrying leg, the other is slowly

34

School Gymnastics

raised without disturbing the general equilib- rium. To stand on one foot, sway hips over to that side, but do not bend the trunk.

7. Kn. abd. and L. abd. From cr. a ov h ^ st. pos. Command: " Knee'(ov Leg-) abduction — one ! \ Two ! " or " Knee {Leg) sideways move — one ! Two !

- 8. P. flex, and ext.

From cr. a ^ st. pos.

Command: "Foot flexion and extension (or foot-hending and stretching) — one ! Two I 1 = Toes point upward. 2 = Toes point down- ward.

9. 2 L. swim. Command: (Lying, forw. ly., or hang.) ''Leg — sioivi — one^two ! Three I 1. With heels together, hips and knees are bent to utmost flexion. 2. The legs are stretched apart. 3. The straight legs are brought together.

Fundamental Principles

35

10. Pacings. Command : Left (r.) — face ! Turn on the left (r.) heel 90° to the left (r.) and support the motion with the ball of the right (1.) foot ; then place the right (1.) foot in fundam. pos. beside the left (t*.) one.

To turn 45"^ command : " Left (r.) oblique — face I

To turn 180° command: ''About {right about) — face ! These are executed on similar principles.

11. Marching. Command : " Class, for- ward {backw,) — march ! " Begin by left foot; steps about two foot-lengths; 114 to 116 steps a minute; arms oscillate (from elbows) in rhythm with feet ; knee and instep stretched when foot strikes ground.

''Mark time — march ! marching in one place, feet slightly lifted to simulate steps.

" Short steps — march I " Long steps — march ! Ordinary — mdrch ! On tiptoe — march ! etc., are self-explanatory.

"Double-quick — mdrch ! = running ; about 165 steps a minute ; chest well forward, head

36 School Gymnastics

back ; elbows bent ; forearms horizontal, mov- ing rhythmically forward and backward; running most elastic when done on tiptoe; breathe through the nose. To resume ordinary march command : " Common time — march I " Class — halt ! " One (four if running) more step is taken, and the backward foot is brought down beside the forward one. If marching on tiptoe, halt on tiptoe, then lower the heels. For other commands see Eeed's " Infantry Tactics."

§ 32. Positions of the Arms.

^ ' waist, fingers in

Fig. 7. ^ , 1 ,

front, thumbs be- hind ; palms resting on hips ; elbows slightly

1. Fundamental

^ pes. (see § 30. 1)

s

Fundamental Principles 37

backward. Do not strike the waist with the hands.

3. Restpos. (Fig. 7. 2). Command: Neck — firm!^^ Hands locked behind neck ; elbows drawn well back. Round-shouldered persons may be allowed to let the tips of the fingers touch instead of as above.

4. Bend pos. (Fig. 7. 3). Command : " Arms upward — hend I " Forearms are slowly bent until hands, with bent wrists and fingers, are in front of shoulders ; elbows kept down, not drawn back. Never jerk the arms up.

5. Str. pos. (Fig. 7.4). Command: Arms upward stretch — one ! Two " 1 = Bend pos. 2 = Arms stretched to vertical pos., palms turned toward each other and shoulder-width apart. Other commands are : " Arm extension upward — one I Two ! , , . (or Start ! Stop /) " " Arms forward upward — lift ! " " Arms up- ward — fling ! or Armflinging upward — one I Two ! etc.

6. Reach pos. (Fig. 8. 1). ''Arms forward stretch — one ! Two I (or " Arms forward —

38

School Gymnastics

lift I l = Bend pos. 2 = Arms stretched forward to horizontal pos., palms turned toward each other and shoulder-width apart.

down and in a line with forearms, not touch- ing the chest or each other.

8. Yd. b pos. (Fig. 8. 3). Command : " Arms half forward — bend I Elbows bent to 90°, and on a level with shoulders ; arms directed sideways ; forearms forward ; palms turned toward each other.

9. Yd. c pos. (Fig. 7. 5). Command : Arms sideways — lift I (or stretch) — one I

Two ! ^' Arms horizontal, directed sideways ; elbows and wrists stretched, palms turned down.

10. Yd. d pos. Command from Yd. c,

Fig. 8.

7. Yd. ( = yard) a, pos, (Fig. 8. 2). Command : ''Arms forward— bend I Elbows, bent to utmost flexion and drawn well back, are on a level with shoulders ; hands, palms

Fundamental Principles 39

''Hands — turn!^^ The palms are turned up.

11. Yd. e pos. (Fig. 7. 6). Command from Yd. d '' To right angles arms — bend I or from Yd. b " Arms upward — fling ! Arms horizontal ; elbows bent to 90° ; forearms vertical ; palms turned toward each other.

12. \ str. ; \ yd. etc., mean that only one arm takes the position named. In \ str. yd., \ str. reach, etc., each arm has a different position.

§ 33. Movements of the Arms.

1. 2 A. ext. (double arm extension), where both arms are stretched simultaneously up- ward, or sideways, etc. Command : '' Arms upward (sidew,, forward) stretch — one I Two!'' (See § 32, 5, etc.) Flexion should always be slow, extension usually rapid.

A, ext. : one arm at a time is stretched, or one stretches while the other bends. For instance, \ str. pos. = " Left (r.) arm up- ward stretch — one ! Two ! '' '' Change arms — one I Two! '' 1 = Bend pos. 2 — One arm extends upward, the other downward.

40

School Gymnastics

2. 2 A. elev. sidew., or sidew. upw., etc.

Command : " Arms sideways — lift ! Sink I or " Arm elevation sideways — one ! Two I " The arms move the shortest way into the position indicated.

3. 2 A. fling. Command from Yd. a (h) pos. " Arm-flinging sideways (upward) — one! Two!'' l = Yd. c (Yd. e) pos. 2 = commencing pos.

Alt, A, fling. For instance, St. alt. A. fling, upw. ( = A. fling to \ str. pos.). Com- mand : Alternate arm-flinging upward — one ! Two ! " (or " Left (r.) arm upward — fling ! Change arms — one ! Two ! 1 = One arm moves quickly forward upward into ^ str. pos. 2 = This arm returns to fund. pos. while the other takes ^ str. pos.

3. 2 A. rot. (-rotation). See § 32. 10.

4. 2 A. circ. ( = circumduction). Command from Yd. c: ''Arm circumduction (or Arm circling) — start ! stop ! '' The arms are moved in small circles upward backward, downward forward, shoulders and chest par- taking of the movement.

Fundamental Pri7iciples 41

5. 2 A. swim. Command : Arm swim — one^two ! Three / 1 = Yd. a pos., except that the fingers touch, the palms facing slightly outward. 2 = The arms are stretched horizontally forward, the hands touching and facing as before. 3 = The straight arms are moved into Yd. c pos., the palms turning backward.

§ 34. Positions of the Trunk. 1. Fund. pos. See § 30. 1 (Fig. 7).

Fig. 9. Fig. lo.

2. Arch pos. (Fig. 9). Command : " Trunk backward — bend I ( Upward — stretch I )

42

School Qymnastics

The whole spine is arched backward. Be careful not to bend merely at the waist^ and let the head take part in the movement.

3. Fall pes. (Fig. 5 and 13). Command = preceding : Trunk is inclined backward, with- out the spine being arched.

Fig. 11. Fig. 12.

4. Stoop pos. (Fig. 10, heavy lines). Com- mand : Trunk forward — hend I {Upward — stretch !) " The trunk is inclined forward (flexion at hips), chest expanded, head in a line with the body.

Fundamental Principles 43

6. Turn pos. (Fig. 11). Command : Trunk to the left (r.) — turn I " The trunk is rotated to the side named.

6. Rev. ( = reverse) turn pos. If one foot is in advance of the other, turn pos. occurs by rotation to the side of the advanced foot, rev. turn pos. by rotation to the opposite side.

7. Stoop fall. ( = falling) pos. (Fig. 14). Command : " Stoop falling — one I Two ! "

1. Courtesy sitt. pos. and hands turned obliquely inward on floor in front of feet.

2. Feet thrown back, so that body from head to heels becomes a straight line ; heels raised. (Chairs may be used.)

8. Hor. ( = horizontal) stoop fall. pos. = stoop fall., but feet are on a level with shoul- ders (on a bench or other support).

9. Incl. (inclined) stoop fall. = preceding, but feet are higher than shoulders.

10. Rev. stoop fall. pos. = standing on the hands, feet against a wall (or other support), or free in the air.

11. Side fall. pos. Command : " Side fall-

44 School Gymnastics

ing on the left (r.) hand — one! Two! Three ! " 1 and 2 = stoop fall. pos. 3 = body

Fig. 13.

turned to face sideways, the left (r.) hand on the ground, the other in wg. pos. ; body from head to heels a straight line.

12. Ly. ( = lying) pos. = lying on the back.

13. Forw. ly. pos. = lying face down (on the floor ; across a bench, chair, etc.).

§ 35. Movements of the Trunk.

1. Backw. flex. See § 34, 2 and 3.

2. Forw. flex. See § 34, 4.

3. Forw. downw. flex. (Fig. 10, dotted lines).

Fundamental Principles

45

Command from str. st. pos. : " Trunk forward, downward — bend ! The flexion occurs as far down as possible with maintenance of straight knees, the back and arms in a straight line. (Beginners may be allowed to curve their backs.) " Upward — stretch ! " From str.

stoop St. pos., command : Downward — hend ! and " Forward — stretch !

4. Sidew. flex. (Fig. 12). Command: " Trunk to the left (r.) hend ! The spine is arched sideways. Upward — stretch ! "

5. Rotation. See § 34^ 5 and 6.

§ 36. Movements of the Head. 1. Baokw. (forw. sidew.) flex. Command :

Fig. 14.

46

School Gymnastics

" Head backward {forward ; to the left (r.)) — hend ! Upward — stretch ! Slowly bend the head as far backward (forw. etc.) as good posture will allow; when raising it, start movement by drawing in the chin.

2. Rotation. Command : " Head to the left (r.) — turn ! " " Forward — turn ! The movement occurs slowly. These movements secure good posture of the head, and hence affect also that of the chest. The last move- ment can be done quickly, as in balance movements. Command : " Head rotation, left and right — One I Two ! . . , Forward, turn ! "

§ 37. Hanging Positions.

1. Over gr. (== grasp) = hands grasp, palms turned outward.

2. Under gr. = hands grasp the farther side of the bar, palms turned inward.

3. Double gr. = hands grasp one from each side.

4. Bend hang. = arms are bent.

Fundamental Principles 47

5. Pall hang. (Fig. 15) = feet forward on the floor, body inclined backward.

Fig. 15.

6 . Arch. hang. = feet backward on the floor, body arched backward.

7. Cr. I j[ I hang. = leg in cr. | ^ | pos. (com- pare § 32, 17).

8. 2 Cr. hang. = legs in cr. | ^ | pos. (compare § 30, 18).

9. Hor. hang. = hanging from hand(s) and knee(s). (^ Kn. hang. = 2 hands and 1 knee.)

10. Bal. (= balance) hang. (Fig. 16) = arms in fundamental pos., supporting the weight; body arched from head to heels.

11. Cr. bal. hang. = bal. hang, leg in cr. pos.

48 School Gymnastics

12. 2 Cr. I I bal. hang. = bal. hang. ; legs in cr. pos.

Fig. 16.

13. Sidew. hang. = hands in a line verti- cally, arms straight, body horizontal and fa- cing sideways.

14. Stoop hang. = hanging head down.

§ 38. Introductions are exercises used at the beginning of a lesson, to secure correct base and equilibrium, and to improve atten- tion and general muscular control. They may be leg-movements, movements for order

Fundamental Principles

49

and rhythm (facing, etc.), simple respiratory exercises, etc., preferably movements which have been used before, and which hence re- quire but little effort.

§ 39. Arch-flexions are backward flexions of the trunk, used to cultivate the extensi- bility of expiratory muscles (supple the chest). Incidentally they also straighten the dorsal region of the spine, and enlarge the inferior portion of the chest. Arch-flexions may pro- duce a back-ache, to counteract which they should always be followed by a forw. or forw. downw. flex, (determining a greater flow of blood through the legs).

Free-standing arch-flexions are : —

wg. yd.

i str. wg.

rest.

str.

^ ^ .

r-H CO M 40

M M P c/3 ^

VT. backw. flex.

bend arch, bend arch, bend arch, yd. a arch.

2 A. ext. sidew. alt. A. ext. upw. 2 A. ext. upw. 2 A. fling.

School Gymnastics

yd. c. arch wlk. b st. 2 A. fling, and ch. o. F. yd. c. arch, turn wlk. a st. 2 A. fling, and ch. o. F. bend arch st. alt. A. ext. upw. and F. placing forw.

st. 2 A. elev. forw. upw., F. plac. forw. & backw. flex.

§ 40. Heaving-movements are exercises cultivating the contractility of inspiratory muscles. They develop the upper portion of the chest. True heaving-movements are done on apparatus; free-standing substitutes are: —

str. arch.

turn. wlk. a st. 1 2 A. ext., and wlk. b st. J change of feet.

Fundamental Principles

1=5 3

11^- ?^ ?^

m ui w <rh ct- ct-

w Cj rji

CD

O

CO CD

CD

ct>

ci- t-b ^„ P2 ^2 P P

•-^ ^ ^ ^ ^

CD

to I—' r

:S3

— -~Y

o d

52

School Gymnastics

Heaving-movements with desks as appara- tus are : —

) bands rest against Stoop fall. } flex f^^^ ^^^es of the ) desks, each side.

Bal.ha.g.{P-^^^_ (pos.

Fall hang. ^ 2 A. flex.

( alt. L. elev.

Bend fall hang. alt. L. elev.

(pos.

Bal. cr. hang. alt. Kn. ext.

( 2 Kn. ext.

§ 41. Balance movements are leg-move- ments, involving the activity of those mus- cles which secure good equilibrium. They have that in common with slow leg-move- ments, that they lessen arterial tension ; and they can be used as slow leg-movements, or as introductions, when they have been prac- tised so long as to cease to produce effort toward equilibrium. Balance movements are: —

Fundamental Principles

63

wg.

yd.

rest str.

2 heel elev.

close St. stride st. ^ wlk. a, 6, d St. alt. toe elev. St. alt. toe and heel elev. close toe st. slow march.

wg.

yd.

str. rest

St.

stride st. wlk. h, a, d, £

St.

stride st. toe st.

toe stride st.

2 Kn. flex, to courtesy St. pos.

2 Kn. flex, to courtesy sitt. pos.

wg.

yd.

toe St. fst.

courtesy <

sitt.

stride st. stride sitt.

H. rot.

courtesy st. courtesy stride st. courtesy sitt. courtesy stride sitt.

Bend toe st. 2 A. ext.

2 A. ext. sidew. yd. a 2 A. fling. -1- str. yd. 2 A. ext. 2 A. ext. upw. yd. d 2 A. elev.

f sidew. 1

' \ upw. \ with 2 Kn. flex, yd. d toe stride st. 2 A. elev. J

wg. fallout st. a, 6, c, pos. wg. fallout St. &. L. elev. backw.

54

School Gymnastics

also toe St.

wg. yd.

rest str.

st. L. elev. backw.

cr. a ^ st. pos.

cr. a \ st. F. flex, and ext.

cr. a ^ st. Kn. ext. backw.

cr. a \ st. Kn. ext. forw.

cr. a i st. Kn. abd.

wg., rest, str. yd. st. L. elev. sidew.

Eeach cr. h ^ st. Kn. flex.

wg.

yd.

i str. \ hor. rest, str.

i St. \

{ pos.

1^ Kn. flex.

A majority of these can also be used as slow leg-movements. Special slow leg-move- ments are : —

wg. fallout st. a, c, heel elev.

Heel support wlk. b st. T. forw. flex.

Toe support wlk b. st. Kn. flex.

§ 42. Shoulder-blade movements are

exercises that liberate" the arms and shoulder-blades from the thorax and head, securing "isolation'^ of position and co-ordi- nation of motion in the muscles of this re- gion. Incidentally they poise the shoulders correctly, and broaden the back. Such move- ments are : —

Fundamental Principles 55

H. rot.

yd. a 2 A. fling, yd. c 2 A. rot. yd. c 2 A. circ.

yd. c 2 A. fling forw.

2 A. ext. sidew. and

backw. 2 A. swim.

alt. A. ext. upw. ■1- str. yd. pos. -1- str. reach pos. i yd. reach pos.

2 A. ext,

(bend ^P^-lstr.

2A.flingnpw.jf4^

2 A. elev.|yd. 2 A. ext. slowly, etc. j^^^^;^^

yd. b. 2 A. flg., yd. e st. 2 A. abd.

Commencing positions for these movements are: —

St.

stoop '

'St.

stride st. close st. forw. ly.

Wg. 1 St.

str. 1^ forw. ly. rest J fallout st.

fallout st. a, b, c, d, turn fallout st. a.

hor. 4 st.

T. forw. flex.

§ 43. Abdominal Exercises are movements bringing into play the muscles of the abdo- men, securing good digestion and support for the viscera. Such movements without appa- ratus are : —

CO

<rt- O O

H. rot. foot placing forw.

and backw. alt L. elev. rest ) ^

2 A. flex. str. | .5' ^

2 A. flex, and L. elev.

CTQ

alt. L. elev. 2 L. elev. 2 L. swim. 2 L. abd.

^ alt. A. elev., alt. A. and L. elev.

56

School Gymnastics

o 9

.Pt o

CO OJ 4^ fiJ

-<j <j 4i ^ <}

(M 13 (M <M

Wg.

;i; f Kn.st.

istr. wg.J . su- rest I f

V ;

T. backw. flex.

§ 44. Lateral trunk movements are

rotations and sideways flexions of the trunk, having for chief effect to accelerate the cir- culation through the large vessels of the abdo- men and thorax. They also expand the chest laterally and vertically, produce elevation of the viscera, and strengthen the waist-muscles Lateral trunk movements without apparatus are : —

Fundamental Principles 67

wg.

yd.

rest str.

close St.

St.

stride st.

wlk. a St. (also rev. rot.) wlk. h St.

wlk. c st. (also rev. rot.) fallout St. a (also rev. rot.)

J^' X stride st. quick T. rot.

T. rot. (slowly).

str. )

fpos.

^ str. rev. turn J change of arms and feet zig-

fallout St. a I

zag, forward or backward. [ change of arms, with rot.

wg.

^ str. wg. rest

close St.

stride st.

St.

close St. wlk. h St. wlk. c st.

stride st. wlk. h st. wlk. a st.

St.

close St.

turn<

fallout St. b.

rev. turn fallout st. a.

T. sidew. flex, (slowly).

I stride st. quick T. sidew. flex.

j.id.f.ii{p-„

58 School Gymnastics

§ 45. Jumping and vaulting exercises cultivate the general elasticity of the body, develop speed, courage, and presence of mind, and produce that general co-ordination of movement which should characterize those who possess physical culture. The ^4and- ing forms the most valuable part of these movements, while height or distance jumped are of secondary importance. Correct land- ing takes place as follows : the knees are slightly bent when the balls of the feet (with heels together) strike the ground, then rapidly flex until the fall is broken, the arms being used so as to keep the trunk erect. Landing should never occur on the heels, and thes® must be kept together except for small heights, when they may with impunity be kept apart. While vaulting necessitates ap- paratus, jumping can be done without it.

These exercises should always be followed by respiratory exercises, and sometimes by marching or other slow leg-movements.

Suitable movements are : —

Fundamental Principles

59

once, twice,

or more times

Prep, to jump,

upw.

forw.

sidew.

backw.

90° turn upw. 180° turn upw. 360° turn upw. 2 A. fling upw. 2 A. and L. fling upw.

jump, at first to counts, V later to the command, " Start r'

r forw.

One, two, or three J backw.

steps' start 1 sidew. forw.

[90° turn, forw.

wg. wlk. a, b, or toe st. change of feet

change from toe st. to stride toe St.

>]ump.

by jumping.

wg. stride toe st. upw. jump, feet striking together and landing in stride pos.

wg. ) toe st. ) quick jump forw. with nearly

yd. j toe \ St. j

straight knees.

wg. courtesy sitt. jump I

sidew.

etc.

With desks and chairs : —

Jump from chair (from one or both feet). Vault chairs straight forward or sideways, the hands placed on two or one desk.

etc.

60

School Gymnastics

(For vaulting exercises see " Swedish Sys- tem of Educational Gymnastics/^ by the same author.)

§ 46. Respiratory exercises consist of the respiratory movements, accompanied by movements of the arms to increase the expan- sion of the chest through the inspiratory mus- cles, the arm movement to follow the rhythm of normal respiration. The commencing posi- tion and the movement decide the localization of the effect. Eespiratory exercises are always used at the end of a lesson " to prepare for rest/' and at any time during the lesson when previous exercises have abnormally quickened the heart-beat and the respiration.

Movements of this class are : —

St.

r close St.

^^^^ ^ stride st.

wlk. a J c, st. fallout st. a, c, d. turn fallout st. a.

2 A. ext. sidew. 2 A. fling (from. yd. a).

2 A. elev. sidew. 2 A. ext. to yd. d. 2 A. elev. from yd. d, 2 A. elev. forw. upw. 2 A. elev. sidew. upw. 2 A. circ. (yd. c).

Fundamental Principles

61

yd. a St. 2 A. fling, and F. placing forw. yd. a walking 2 A. fling.

close St. )

St. y2 A. elev. with T. rot.

stride st. )

( 2 A. fling (yd. a), yd. arch st. -< 2 A. circ. (yd. c).

( 2 A. fling, and F. pi. forw.

yd. c arch wlk. h st. 2 A. circ.

st. 2 A. elev. sidew. 1

It '2^1* elet' forw. upw. ^ heel elev.

St. 2 A. elev. sidew. upw. J

St. 2 A. elev. sidew. ) -i i o i

yd. d St. 2 A. elev. | ^^th 2 kn. flex.

yd. d courtesy sitt. 2 A. elev.

yd. d toe st. 2 A. elev. ) -^1.01

St. 2 A. elev. sidew. upw. | ^ kn. flex.

ONE HUNDRED PROGEESSIVE TABLES OF EXERCISES.

Each table is intended to be used daily for a week at a time. The transition from one to the next one is best done by adopting one new exercise at a time, and not by substitut- ing one whole table for another. Each exer- cise should be executed three (or more) times to each side, and should appear in at least two consecutive lessons in order to have any effect toward physical development.

The tables are arranged so that the exer- cises can be taken in the hall, corridor, or school-room. They contain some movements with desks and chairs as apparatus ; parallel with these, " free " exercises have been put in as substitutes, so that all the conditions of a school may be suited. Exercises such as kneeling, stoopfalling, etc., are to be intro- duced only when the condition of the floor is such as not to ruin the children's clothing ; under other circumstances they should be omitted.

School Gymnastics, 63

I.

1. Fund. pos. (§ 30, 1). " Attention ! Stand — at ^ase ! "

2. Close St. pos. (§ 30, 3). "Feet — close! Feet — open! The same — (5ne ! Tw6!"

3. Wg. St. pos. (§ 32, 2). " Hips — firm ! Position ! "

4. Bend st. pos. (§ 32,4). "Arms upward — bend ! Downward — stretch ! "

5. Wg. St. T. backw. flex. (§ 34, 2, 4). "Hips — firm! Slightly, trunk backward — bend ! Upward — stretch ! . . . Forward —bend (look at the ceiling) ! Upward— stretoii ! " . . .

6. Wg. St. 2 Heel-elev. (§ 31, 2). " (Hips — firm!) Heels — lift! Sink! The same — one! Tjvo! . . . Position!"

^ 7. Yd. a St. pos. (§32, 7). "Arms forward — bend ! Position ! " . . .

8. Pacing 45" (§ 31,10). "Right (L.) oblique — face I** or " Right (L.) oblique face — one ! Two ! "

9. Wg. close St. T. rot. (§ 34, 5). " Feet — close ! Hips — firm ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! Forward — turn ! "

10. Wg. close St. 2 Heel-elev. (§ 31, 2). "(Hips — firm! Feet — close!) Heels — lift! Sink! The same — one! Two! . . . Position! "

11. St. 2 A. ext. Sidew. (§ 32, 9). If in the schoolroom,

command first, "Right (L.) oblique — fhce V then, "Arms side- ways stretch — one ! Two! The same — one! Two I . . . Down- ward stretch — one 1 Tw6 I "

64

School Gymnastics

II. %.^2V.

1. Wg. stride st. pos. (§ 30, 4). **Hip«— firm! Feet

sideways place — (5ne! Two! Feet together place — dne! Two!" (For little folks the movement may be changed into "Feet apart — one! Feet together— tw6! The same — <5ne! Two! " the movement occurring by jumping.)

2. Wg. St. H. flex, backw. (§ 36, 1). "(Hips firm!) Head backward — bend! Upward — stretch I The same — bend! Stretch! Position!"

3. St. 2 A. ext. upw. (§ 33, 1). "Arms upward stretch

— one! Tw6! The same — one! Tw6! . . . Downward stretch— one! Two!"

4. Wg. St. T. backw. flex. (§35,2). "Hips — firm! Trunk backward — bend ! Upward — stretch ! . . . Forward

— bend! Upward — stretch! " . . .

5. Wg. St. 2 Kn.flex. (§30, 15). "(Hips— firm!) Heels

— lift! Knees — bend! Knees — stretch ! Heels— sink! The same — one! . . . Four!"

6. Yd. a St. 2 A. fling (§§ 32, 7, and 33, 3). " Arms for. ward — bend! Arm — flinging sideways — one ! Two! One! Two ! . . . Position ! " (If between desks and chairs, com- mand first: " Left (r.) ofe^igwe — f ace ! " And after the move- ment : " Right (Z.) oblique — face ! ")

7. Facing 90' (§ 31, 10). " Right (/.) — fdce! "

8. Marching in place (§ 31, 11). "Hips — Arm! Mark time — march! . . . Halt!"

9. Wg. stride st. T. sidew. flex. (§ 35, 4). " (Hips — firm!) Feet sideways place — 6ne ! Two! Trunk to the left

— bend! Upward — stretch ! To the right — bend! Upward

— stretch! "...

10. Feet Closing rhythmically (§30, 2). "(Hips — firm!) Feet close and open — one! Two! One! Two! . . . Position! "

11. St. 2 A. ext. sidew. (§ 33, 1). "Arms sideways stretch — one! Two! The same (breathe out) — one ! (Breathe in) Two! . . . Arms downward stretch — one! Two!" In the schoolroom command first : " Right il.) oblique — fsice ! *'

School Gymnastics

66

III.

1. Wg. St. H. flex, backw. See II., 2.

2. Wg. Wlk. b St. pos. (§ 30, 6). "(Hips — firm!) Left (r.) foot forward — pUce ! Change feet— one! Twol The same — <Jae! Two! . . . Position!"

3. St. 2 A. ext. forw. (§ 33, l). Arms forward stretch

— one! Twd! The same — one! Tw6! . . . Sideways stretch

— one ! Tw6 ! Position ! " (The arms move the shortest way into fund, pos.)

4. Wg. Stride st. T. backw. flex. (§ 34, 2). Hips — firm! Feet sideways place — one! Tw6! Trunk backward — bend! Upward — stretch ! . . . Forward— bend! Upward

— stretch ! . . . Position — (3ne ! Twd ! " (The arms take fund. pos. as the last foot moves.)

5. Wg. St. 2 Kn. flex. See II., 6.

6. J str. St. pos. (§ 33, 1). Left (r.) arm upward stretch

— one! Tw6! Change arms — one! Two!" (l=bendst. pos., 2 = right arm up, left arm down.) . , . ** Position ! "

7. Facing 180' (§31,9). ''About (Right about) — face!"

8. Side step. One step to the right (1.) — march! " In the schoolroom command first : *' Right (1.) — face! "

9. Wgr. St. T. rot. (§ 35, 5). " Hips — firm! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Forward — turn! To the right (1.) — turn! Forward — turn! " . . .

10. Wg. Wlk. h St. 2 Heel-elev. (§ 31, 2). " (Hips — firm !) Left (r.) foot forward — place ! Heels — lift ! " (The weight equally on both feet, not on the forward foot alone. ) "Sink! . . . Change feet — 6ne! Tw<5! Heels — lift! Sink! . . . Position! "

11. Yd. a St. 2 A. flg. (§ 33, 3). " Arms forward — bend \ Arm flinging (breathe in) — 6ne ! (Breathe out) two ! . . . Position!" In the schoolroom command first: "Right (1.)

66 School Gymnastics

lY.

1. Wg. St. H. rot. (§ 36, 2). *• Hips — firm! Head to the

left (r.) — turn! Forward — turn ! To the right (1.) — turn! Forward ~ turn ! " . . .

2. Wg. Wlk. a St. pos. (§ 30, 5). ** (Hips — firm!) Left (r. ) foot sideways forward — place ! Change feet — 6ne ! Two ! The same — one! Tw6! . . . Position!"

In the schoolroom command: ''Right (1.) oblique — face! Hips — firm ! Left (r. ) foot sideways forward — place ! Change

— one! Two! "... At " Two!" the same foot takes wlk. a pos. ''Position! Left (r.)-face! Hips — firm! Right (1.) foot sideways forward — place ! " etc.

3. St. 2 A. ext. backw. (§ 33, l). "Arms backward stretch — one! Two! The same — one! Tw6! . . . Position!"

4. Wg. stride st. T. backw. flex. See III., 4.

5. Wg. wlk. b St. 2 Kn. flex. (§ 30, 15). " Hips —firm! Left (r.) foot forward— place! Heels — lift! Knees — bend! Knees — stretch ! Heels — sink! The same — 6ne! . . . Four! . . . Change feet — one! Two! Heels — lift! Knees — bend ! " etc.

6. St. alt. A. fig. upw. (§33,3). " Left (r.) arm upward — fling! " (The arm moves straight forw. upw.) " Change arms

— one! Tw(5!" . . . (One arm moves forw. upw., while the other moves forw. downw.) " Position! "

7. Marching in place (§ 31, 10). " Mark time — march ! . . . Halt!"

8. Wg. St. T. Sidew. flex. (§ 35, 4). "Hips — firm! Trunk to the left (r.) — bend! Upward — stretch 1 To the right (1.) — bend! Upward — stretch ! " . . .

9. Wg. St. prep, to jump (§ 31, 5). " (Hips — firm!) Prepare to jump — one! Two! Thr^e! Four! The same — one! . . . Four! . . . Position!"

10. Yd. a St. 2 A. fig. See III., 11.

School Gymnastics 67

0 Y.

1. Wg. St. H. rot. See IV., 1.

2. Wg. Wlk. c St. pos. (§30, 7). " (Hips— firm!) Feet

— cldse ! Left (r.) foot forward — place ! Change feet — <5ne ! Tw(5! The same — one ! Two! . . . Position!"

3. St. 2 A. ext. sidew., upw., or forw. (§ 33, 1). In

the schoolroom command first: "Right (1.) ofeZigtte — face ! '* Then '* Arms sideways (upw., forw.) stretch — one! Twd!" . . . Vary the direction often enough to prevent the move- ment from becoming automatic.

4. Wg. wlk. h St. T.backw. flex. (§ 35, 2). " Hips — firm! Left (r.) foot forward — place ! Trunk backward — bend I Upward — stretch ! . . . Forward — bend ! Upward

— stretch! . . . Change feet — one! Tw<5! Trunk backward

— bend! " etc.

5. Wff. St. L. elev. backW. (§ 31, 6). " (Hips — firm!) Left (r.) leg backward — lift ! (Head high; do not bend the body forward.) Change feet — one! Two! . . , Foot down

— place! "

6. Wg. stoop stride st. H. rot. (§36,2). "(Hips — firm !) Feet sideways place — one ! Two ! Trunk forward — bend! Head turning (or head rotation) left and right quickly

— 6ne! Tw(5! . . , Head forward — turn! Trunk upward — stretch! Position — 6ne! Two!"

7. March step forw. and backw. " One step for- ward—march! One step backward — march! " . . .

8. Wg. Stride st. T. rot. (§ .35, 5). " Hips — firm ! Feet sideways place — one ! Twd! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! Forward — turn ! To the right (1.) — turn! Forward — turn! "...

9. Wg. St. prep, to jump. See IV., 9.

10. Wg. wlk. c St. 2 Heel-elev. (§ 31, 2). "(Hips- firm!) Feet — close! Left (r.) foot forward — place! Heels

— lift! Sink! The same — one! Two! . . . Change feet — one ! Two ! Heels — lift ! " etc. (The weight should be equally on both feet.)

11. St. 2 A. elev. sidew. (§ 33, 2). In the schoolroom command first: "Right (1.) oblique — face!" Then, "Arms sideways — lift ! Sink! The same, breathe in — one ! Breathe out — two!" . . ,

68

School Gymnastics

YI.

1. Wg. St. H. sidew. flex. (§ 86, 1). "Hips — firm! Head to the left (r.) —bend! Upward — stretch ! To the right (1.) — bend! Upward — stretch!" . . .

2. W^. wlk. d St. pos. (§ 30, 8). For small children substitute III., IV., V., 2. For others command: "(Hips — firm!) Left (r/) foot crosswise forward —place ! Change feet — (5ne! Two! The same — one! Two!" ... If in the schoolroom, the command will be : " Right (1.) oblique — face ! Hips — firm! Kight (1,) foot crosswise forward — place! Change — one! Two!" . . . (l = fund. pos.; 2 = wlk. d st., with the same foot.) ''Position! Left (r.) — face! Hips — firm! Left (r.) foot crosswise forward — place! Change — one! Two! "...

3. Bend st. alt. A. ext. upw. (§ 33, l). " Arms upward

— bend ! Alternate arm-stretching (or extension) upward, left first — one! Tw6!" . . . While one arm bends, the other other stretches. Position ! "

4. Wg. Wlk. h St. T. backw. flex. See V., 4.

6. Wg. courtesy st. H. rot. (§ 30, 15). "(Hips firm!) Heels — lift ! Knees — bend ! Head-turning (or rotation), left and right quickly — one! Tw<51 . . . Klneea — stretch I Heels

— sink! Position!"

6. Yd. c St. 2 A. rot. (§ 32, 10). *« Arras sideways — lift Hand turning — one! Tw6!" . . . (1 = yd. d; 2 = yd. c. *• Position! "

7. Wg. close toe st. slow march (§ 31, lO). "Hips

— firm! Feet — close! Heels — lift! Slowly forward marc)i —one! Two! One! Two! . . . Position !" — In the school- room let the pupils first take a few steps backward in the aisles, so as to get sufficient space. After marching as far as space admits, let them face the rear and repeat the movement.

8. Wg. close St. T. sidew. flex. (§ 35, 4). "Hips — firm! Feet — close! Trunk to the left (r.) — bend! Upward

— stretch ! To the right (1.) — bend ! Upward — stretch I . . . Position! "

9. Prep, to jump (§ 30, 15). "Prepare to jump — 6ne! Two! Three! Four! The s;ime — one, two ! Three! Four!" . . . The arms should hang vertical behind the thighs as the knees bend. Change the rhythm each time, so as to secure utmost volition.

10. Wg. Stride st. 2 Heel-elev. (§ 31, 2). "Hips — firm! Feet sideways place- one! Tw(5! Heels — lift! Sink! The same — one! Two! . . . Position — one! Two!"

11. St. 2 A. elev. sidew. See V., 11.

School Gymnastics

69

TIL

1. Pacings (§ Si, lo).

2. Yd. c stride st. poe. (§ 82, 9; 30, 4). To avoid coUis-

ion in the schoolroom command : ** From aisle to aisle, count

— twds ! Even aisles, a short step backward — march ! " Then, Feet sideways place and arms sideways stretch — one !

Twd!" (l = left foot moves and arms bend; 2 = right foot moves and arras stretch.) " Position — one ! Two ! " ( = pre- vious movement). Or, for little folks command : " Feet apart and arms out — one ! Back again — tw6 ! " (Compare II. , 1. )

3. Bend st. alt. A. ext. forw. (§ 32,6). '' Arms upward

— bend ! Alternate arm-extension {or stretching) forward, left — <5ne! Tw6! . . . Position!" Or, "Arms upward — bend! Left arm forward — stretch ! Change arms — one 1 Tw61" . . .

4. Wg. close St. T. backw. flex. (§ 34, 2). "Feet-- cldse! Hips — firm! Trunk backward — bend! Upward — stretch! . . . Forward — bend ! Upward — stretch ! . . . Posi- tion ! "

6. Wg. Stride st. 2 Kn. flex. (§ 31, 5). " Hips - firm! Feet sideways place — one ! Two ! Heels — lift ! Knees — bend! Knees — stretch! Heels — sink! The same — one! Two ! Three I Four ! . . . Position ! "

6. Yd. d St. 2 A. elev. (§ 32, 10 and 5). In the school- room, first: *' Right (1.) oblique — face! " Then, Arms side- ways stretch — one! Two! Hands— turn! Arms — lift! Sink! (Or arm elevation —- one ! Two!) . . . The same — one! Two! . . . Position! Ij^ti {r.) oblique — face!"

7. Wg". close toe st. slow march. See VI., 7.

8. Wg". wlk. a St. T. rot. (§ 34, 5). In the schoolroom : "Right (1.) o6Z»^t^ — face! Hips— firm! Left (r.) foot side- ways forward — place! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! For- ward—turn! . . . Position! Left (r.)— face! Hips — firm! Right (1.) foot sideways forward — place! Trunk to the right (1.) turn! Forward — turn! " . . ,

9. Upw. jump (§ 45). "Upward jump — <5ne! Two! Three! Four! Five! The same — one! . . . Five! . . . 1 = toest. pos. ; 2 = courtesy st, pos. ; 3 = jump and land; 4 = toe St. pos.; 5 = fund. pos.

10. Wg. St. alt. toe elev. (§ 31, 3). Hips — firm! Alternate toe-Ufting (or elevation), begin with the left foot — 6ne! Two! One! Two! . . . Position!"

11. Bend st. 2 A. ext. to yd. d (§ 32, 10). In the school- room, first: "Right (1.) oblique — face Then, "Arms up- ward bend! Arm-stretching (or extension) sideways, palms up (breathe in) — one ! (Breathe out) two ! The same — one ! Two ! . . . Position ! " (The extension to occur rather slowly.)

Begin and end the lesson by a H. flex, backw.

70 School Gymnastics

yiii.

1. step forw. and backw. (§ 31, 11). " One step for- ward — march ! One step backward — march ! " Later, One step forward with the left foot and backward with the right

— march! (or one-two! Three-four!)"

2. Yd. c wlk. a St. pos. (§ 32, 9; 30, 6). In the school- room: "Right (1.) oblique — face \ Left (r.) foot sideways forward place, and arms sideways stretch — one! Two!" (The foot moves into wlk. a pos. at " Tw6! ") ''Arm-stretch- ing (or extension), foot-placing — one ! Tw6!" (1 = bend st. pos. ; 2 = yd. c wlk. a pos. with the same foot) ..." Position! Left (r.) — face! " etc.

In the hall or gymnasium: " Left (r.) foot sideways forward place, and arms sideways stretch — one! Tw6\ Arm-stretch- ing (or extension), change feet — one! Two!" (l=:bend st. pos.; 2 = yd. c wlk. a to the other side.) . . . "Position! "

3. Bend St. alt. A. ext. sldew. (§32,4, 9). "Arms up- ward— bend! Alternate arm-stretching (or extension) side- ways, begin with the left— one! Two! . . . Position!" (One arm bends while the other stretches.)

4. Wg. close St. T. backw. flex. See VII., 4.

5. Wg. cr.a i st.pos. (§30, 17). "Hips — firm! Left(r.) knee upward — bend! Change feet — one! Two! . . . Posi- tion!" (At first let the change occur rather quickly; later retain cr. ^ st. pos. for a while before changing.)

6. St. 2 A. elev. forw., upw. (§ 32, 6, 6). " Arms for- ward upward— lift! Sideways downward — sink! The same

— one! Two!" . . . (11= the arms rise through reach pos. into str. pos.; 2 = through yd. c into fund, pos., the hands turning gradually, not suddenly.)

7. Wg. close toe st. slow march backw. (§ 31, 11). ** Hips — firm! Feet — close! Heels — lift! Slowly backward march — one! Two! . . . Position!"

8. Close St. T. sidew. flex. (§ 35, 4). "Feet — clcJse! Trunk to the left (r.)— bend! Upward — stretch ! To the right (1.) — bend! Upward — stretch ! . . . Position!" (Let the arms glide along the sides.)

9. Upw. jump. See VII., 9.

10. Wg". St. alt. 2 toe and heel-elev. (§ 31 , 4) . " Hips

— firm! Alternate toe and heel lifting (or elevation) — one! Two! . . . Position! " (For a day or two let the pupils take support by resting their hands on the desks or against th^ walls.)

11. St. 2 A. ext. to Yd. dJ. SeeVn.,11. Begin and end the lesson by a H. flex, backw.

School Gymnastics 71

IX.

1. Side step. In the schoolroom, first: "Right (1.) — face! " Then, "One step to the left (r.) — march! One step to the right (1.) — march! etc.

2. Yd. c wlk. h St. pos. (§ 32, 9; 30, 6). " Left (r.) foot forward place and arms sideways stretch — one ! Tw6! Arm stretching (or extension), change feet — one! Two! . . . Position ! " (1 = bend st. pos. ; 2 = yd. c wlk. h st. pos.)

3. i str. yd. c st. pos. (§ 32, 12). " Left (r.) arm upward, right (1.) arm sideways stretch — one! Tw<51 Change arms

— one! Two! The same — one! Tw6! . , . Position!" (1 = bend st. pos. \2 — \ str. yd. st. pos.)

4. Wg. wlk. c St. T. backw. flex. (§ 34, 2). " Hips — firm! Feet — close! Left (r.) foot forward — place! Trunk backward — bend ! Upward — stretch! , . . Forward — bend! Upward — stretch! . . . Change feet — one! Two! Trunk backward — bend! " etc.

6. W^. Stride courtesy st. H. rot. (§ 31, 5). " Hips

— firm! Feet sideways place — one! Two! Heels — lift! Knees — bend! Head turning (or rotation) left and right — (5ne! Two! . . . Head forward — turn ! Knees — stretch ! Heels — sink ! Position ! "

6. St. 2 A. ext. to yd. d (§ 33, 1). In the schoolroom : "Right (1.) oblique — fa.ce\ Then, "Arm-stretching (or extension) sideways, palms up — one! Two! One! Two! . . . Position! "

7. Wg". St. alt. Kn. upw. flex. (§ 30, 17). "Hips — firm ! With knee upward bending (or flexion) in place march

— 6ne! Two! One! Tw6! . . . Position!"

8. Wg. wlk. b St. T. rot. (§ 35, 6). " Hips — firm! Left (r.) foot forward — place ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! For- ward— turn! . . . Change feet — one! Two! To the right (1.) — turn ! " etc. (Rotate to the side of the advanced foot.)

9. Wg. toe St. stride jump (§ 45). "Hips— firm! Heels — lift! Stride jump — dne! Tw6\ ... (or start! Stop!) Position!" 1 = wg. stride toe st. pos. ; 2= wg. toe St. pos. The knees bend slightly as the feet strike the ground.

10. Wg. Wlk. d St. 2 Heel-elev. (§31, 2). "Hips — firm ! Left (r. ) foot crosswise forward — place ! Heels — lift ! Sink ! The same — 6ne ! Two ! " etc. In the schoolroom com- mand first : " Left (r.) oblique — face ! "

For little folks substitute VII., 10.

11. Yd. d St. 2 A. elev. (§ 33, 2). In the schoolroom, first : ** Right (l.) oblique — face \" Then, "Arms sideways — lift \ Hands — turn! Arms- lift! Sink! The same (breathe in)

— one! (Breathe out) two! "...

Begin and end the lesson by H. flex, sidew, ended by H. flex, backw.

72 School Gymnastics

X.

1. Facings (§ 31, 10).

2. Yd. c wlk. c St. pos. (§ 30, 7 ; 32, 9). ** Feet — cl68e!

Left (r.) foot forward place, and arms sideways stretch — one! Two! Arm-stretching (or extension), change feet — one! Two! The same — one! Tw(5! . . . Position!" (l = bend close St. pos.; 2 = yd. c wlk. c st. pos.)

3. I str. reach st. pos. (§ 32, 12). " Left (r.) arm up- ward, right (1.) arm forward stretch — one! Tw(5! Change arms — one ! Tw6 ! The same — one ! Twd ! . . . Position ! "

4. Wg. wlk. c St. T. backw. flex. See IX., 4.

6. Wg. St. 2 Kn. flex, to courtesy sitt. pos. (§ 31,6).

" Hips — firm ! Heels — lift ! Knees — bend ! Sit ! ( = courtesy sitt. pos. ) Knees — stretch ! Heels — sink ! The same — 6ne ! All the way down — two ! Three ! Four ! . . . Position ! "

6. Bend st. alt. A. ext. to yd. d (§ 32,4, 10). «'Arms upward — bend! Alternate arm-stretching , (or extension) sideways, palm up (left first)— one! Two! One! Two! . . . Position ! " (one arm bends while the other stretches).

7. Wg. toe St. alt. Kn. upw. flex. (§ 30, 17). " Hips — firm! Heels — lift! With knee upward bending (or flexion) in place — mdrch! Halt! " (Halt on tip-toe, then lower the heels, " one, two, three !) Position! " The pupils are allowed to move slightly forward while marching.

8. Wg. Wlk. h St. T. sidew. flex. (§ 35, 4). Hips — firm ! Left (r.) foot forward — pl^ce ! Trunk to the left (r.)bend! Upward — stretch! . . . Change feet — one! Tw(5! To the right (1.) — bend! Upward — stretch ! . . . Position!" (Bend to the side of the advanced foot.)

9. Wg. toe St. Stride jump. See IX., 9, alternate with

vn.,9.

10. Wg. St. feet close and open (§30,3). "Hips — firm! Feet close and open — one! Two! One! Tw6! . . . {later, Start! Stop!) Position!"

11. Yd. d St. 2 A. elev. See IX., 11, alternate with III. 11.

Begin and end the lesson by H. rot. followed by H. backw. flex.

School Gymnastics

73

XI.

1. St. H. flex.backw. (§36). "Head backward — bend! Upward — Stretch ! " . . .

2. Prep, to jump (§31.5). Prepare to jump — dne! Two! Three! Four! The same — one! . . . Four!" . . .

3. St.2 A. ext.sidew. and upw. (§ 33.1). " Arms side- ways and upward stretch — one! Two! Three! Fdur! The same— one! . . . Four!" . . .

If in tke class-room, command first: ''Right oblique — face ! "

4. Wg. turn wlk. a st. arch laex. (§ 39). [If in the

schoolroom first: "Right (1.) oblique — face ! " Then:] "Hips — firm! Left (r.) foot sideways forward — place! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Backward — bend! Upward — stretch! . . . Forward — bend! Upward — stretch ! . . . Change feet — one! Two!" [In the schoolroom: "Fosition! Left (r.) — face! Hips — firm Right (1.) foot sideways forward — place!"] "Trunk to the right (1.) —turn! Backward — bend! " etc.

5. Wg. cr. a >^ St. P. flex. (§31.8). "Hips — firm! Left (r.) knee upward — bend! Foot flexion (or bending; or toes up) — one! (Down) Two! The same — dne ! Two! . . . Change feet — one! Two! Foot flexion — one! Two! . . . Position ! "

6. St. 2 A. swim. (§ 33.5). "Arm swim — one! Two! Three! The same — one! Two! Three!" . . . After a day or two: "The same — one! Two'~^three! . . . Still later: " The same — one'^two! Three!" . . .

7. Wg-. St. tiptoe march forw. and backw. (§ 31.11). "Hips — firm! Heels — lift! Slowly forward march — one! Two! . . . The same backward — one! Two!" . . .

8. Wg. Wlk. est. T. rot. (§35.5). "Feet — close! Hips — firm! Left foot forward — place! Trunk to the left — turn! Forward — turn! . . . Change feet— one! Two! Trunk to the right — turn ! " etc.

9. Forw. jump (§45). Forward jump — dne! Two! Three! Four! live! The same — one! . . . Five!"(l = heels lift. 2 = knees bend. 3 = jump forward from both feet, the arms swinging forward straight from the shoulder and resuming fund. pos. at landing. 4 = knees stretch. 5 = heels sink. The arms assist in moving the body forward at jumping and in steadying it at landing.)

10. Yd. c St. 2 Heel elev. (§ 31.2). If in the schoolroom, first: "Right (1.) oblique — face!" Then: "Arms sideways stretch — one! Two! Heels — lift! Sink! The same— due! Two! "...

11. St. 2 A. elev. forw. upw. (§46). "Arms forward upward — lift ! " (The straight arms move through reach pos. into str. pos.) "Sideways downward — sink!" (The arms are lowered through yd. c pos. into fund, pos., the hands turn- ing gradually, not suddenly.) "The same, breathe in — dne! Breathe out — two! The same — one! Two!" . . .

End the lesson by St. H. flex, backw.

74

School Gymnastics

XII.

1. Wg. St. H. sidew. flex. (§ 36). " Hips — firm ! Head to the left (r.) — bend ! Upward — stretch ! To the right (1.) bend! Upward— stretch! " . . .

2. 90° facing and side step. " Left (r.) face, one step to the left (r.) — march! Right (1.) face, one step to the right (1.) — march! " In the class-room this command should be preceded by: Right (l.)~ face! "

3. Yd. c wlk. d St. pos. (§ 30.8). Left (r.) foot crosswise forward place and arms side ways stretch — one ! Two ! Arm- extension (or stretching), change feet — one ! Two ! The same— one! Two!" . . . (1 = bend st. pos. 2 = yd. c wlk. d St. pos.) For modification in the schoolroom compare VI. 2.

For little folks substitute :

Wg. to^ St. H. rot. "Hips — firm! Heels — lift! Head turning feft and right — one! Two! . . . Head forward — turn! Heels — sink! Position!"

4. 3^ yd. reach St. pos. (§ 32.12). " Left (r.) arm forward, right (1.) arm sideways stretch — one! Two! Change arms — one! Two! "... (Keep the shoulders in a line.)

5. Wg. turn wlk. a st. arch flex. See XI. 4.

6. Wg". courtesy sitt. H. rot. (§36.2). "Hips — firm! Heels — lift! To sitting, kneeS — bend! Head rotation (or head turning) left and' right — due! Two!" . . . Head for- ward— turn! Knees — stretch I Heels — sink! Position!"

7. St. 2 A. ext. sidew. and hackw. (§ .33.1). *' Arms sideways and backward stretch — one ! Two ! Three ! Fdur ! The same — one! . . . Four! . . . Position!" In class-room first : " Right oblique — face ! "

8. Quick mark time (§ 31.11). "Mark time — march! On tiptoe, double quick — march ! " (The feet are lifted enough to mark each step, without kicking backward.) *• Class

— halt!" (Halt on tiptoe, then lower the heels = *'6ne! Two! Three!) . . .

9. Wg. Wlk. c St. T. sidew. flex. (§35.4). '«Hips — firm ! Feet — close ! Left (r.) foot forward — place ! " (§ 32.7). *' Trunk to the left (r.) — bend ! Upward — stretch! To the left (r.) — bend! Upward — stretch! . . . Change feet — dne! Two ! To the right (1.) — bend ! Upward — stretch ! " . . .

10. 90° Upw. jump (§ 45). " Turning ninety degrees to the left (r.), upward jump — dne! Two! Three! Fdur! Five! The same to the right (1.) — dne! . . . Five!" The turning occurs between 3 and 4, i. e., just before landing.

11. Yd. c stride St. 2 Heel elev. (§31.2). " Feet sideways place and arms sideways stretch — one! Twd! " (See VII. 2.) *' Heels — lift! Sink! The same — dne! Two! . . . Position

— dne! Twd!"

12. St. 2 A. elev. forw. upw. See XI. 11. End the lesson by St. H. flex, backw.

•4

School Gymnastics 75 XIII.

1. 90° facing and front step. Left (r.) face, one step forward — march ! Right (1. ) face, one step forward — march ! " In the schoolroom, precede each of these commands by " Right (1.) face ! " so that the step is taken in direction of the aisle.

2. Str. stride st. pos. (§ 30.4). " Feet sideways place and arms upward stretch — one! Two! Position — one! Tw(5! "

3. St. 2 A. ext. forw. and backw. (§ 33.1). *' Arms forward and backward stretch — pne ! Two ! Three ! Four I The same — one! Two! Three! Four!" . . .

4. Wg. Turn stride st. arch flex- (§ 39). Hips — firm! Feet sideways place — one! Two! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Backward — bend! Upward — stretch! Back- ward — bend ! Upward — stretch ! Forward — bend ! Up- ward— stretch! ... To the right (1.) turn! Backward — bend! " etc. . . .

5. Wg. cr. a % St. Kn. ext. backw. (fig. 3., 2 & 1). "Hips — firm! Left (r.) knee upward — bend! Knee back- ward — stretch ! Upward — bend ! Backward — stretch ! Up- ward— bend! Change feet — one! Two! Knee backward — stretch ! " etc.

6. Yd. c stoop stride st. H. rot. (§42). ** Feet side- ways place and arms sideways stretch — one ! Tw(5 " (To get enough space in the schoolroom, arrange the class as in VI. 2.) " Trunk forward — bend ! Head rotation {or turning), left and right — (5ne ! Two ! One ! Two . . . Head forward — turn ! Trunk upward — stretch ! Position — 6ne ! Two ! "

7. See XII. 8.

8. Wg. wlk. a St. rev. T. rot. (§ 34.6). Hips — firm ! " Left (r.) foot sideways forward — place ! Trunk to the right (1.) — turn! Forward — turn! . . . Change feet — one! Tw6! To the left (r.) — turn ! Forward — turn ! " . . . For suflacient floor space, compare IV. 2.

9. Wg. courtesy sitt. forw. jump. "Hips — firm! Heels — lift! Knees— bend! Sit! Forward jump — one! Two! One! Two! . . . Position!" The movement occurs by a slight extension of the ankle, and it should be very elastic. The distance covered by each jump should be short.

10. Yd. c close St. 2. Heel elev. (§ 31.2). Arms side- ways stretch — (3ne ! Two ! Feet — close ! Heels — lift ! Sink ! The same — 6ne ! Two ! . . . Position !

11. St. 2 A. elev. sidew. upw. (§ 46). Arms sideways upward — lift (breathe in)! Sideways downward — sink (breathe out) ! The same — one! Two! " . . . The hands turn gradually while the arms move.

Begin and end by St. H. flex, backw.

76

School Gymnastics

xiy.

1. Prep. tojump.(§ 31.5). " Prepare to jump — <5ne! Tw(5!

Thr^e! Four! The same — one-^two! Thr^e! Four! The same one! Two'^Three! Four!"

2. Str. wlk. a st. pos. (§ 32.5). [In the class-room first : "Right (1.) oblique — face! " Then], " Left (r.) foot side- ways forward place and arms upward stretch — one I Tw6 ! " (l=bend st. pos. 2 = Str. wlk. a st. pos.) Arm extension change feet — one! Two! The same — one! Tw6\. . . Posi- tion! " [In the schoolroom : Arm stretching and foot plac- ing— one! Two!" 2 = the same foot moves. Compare Vfll. 2.]

3. St. 2 A. ext. forw. and upw. (§ 33.1). Arms for- ward and upward stretch — one! Two! Three! Fdur! The same— one! Two! Three! Four! . . . Position!"

4. Wg. turn stride st. arch flex. See XIII, 4.

5. Wg". stride courtesy sitt. pos. (§ 30.16). " Hips — firm! Feet sideways place — one ! Two! Heels — lift! To sitting, knees — bend! Knees— stretch ! Heels — sink! The same — one! Two! Three! Four!" . . .

6. St. 2 A. fig. upw. (§ 42). " Arm-flinging forward up- ward—one! Two! The same — 6ne! Two!" . . . (1 = the arms are swung quickly through reach into str. pos. 2 = the arms are moved slowly forward downward. Do not push the abdomen and head forward when the arms rise.

7. Wg. St. quick alt. kn. flex. upw. (§ 30.17). " With alternate knee-hfting (or upward flexion), in place double quick

— march! Halt!" The knees should be raised as high as pos- sible, without disturbing the good posture of the thorax and head. — To be followed by St. 2 A. elev. sidew. with respira- tion (see v., 11).

8. Wg. turn stride St. T. sidew. flex. (§ 35.4) . " Hips firm! Feet sideways place — one! Tw6! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn. To the left (r.) — bend ! Upward — stretch ! ... To the right (1.) turn! To the right (1.) — bend! Upward — stretch! . . . Forward — turn ! Position — one ! Two!"

9. Wg. toe St. forw. jump. ''Hips- firm! Heels — lift! Forward jump — one! Two! One! Two! . . . Posi- tion! " The movement occurs by a succession of quick exten- sions of the ankles, each jump being very short. The body should be kept well erect and the knees straight.

10. Yd. St. alt toe elev. (§31.3). Arms sideways stretch

— one! Two!" (In the schoolroom first: "Right (1.) ob- lique— face!") Alternate toe elevation (or lifting — one! Two! 6ne!— Tw6! . . . Position!"

11. St. 2 A. elev. sidew. upw. See XIII. 11. Begin and end by St. H. flex, backw.

School Gymnastics 77

XY.

1. 180* and front step. ** About face, one step forward

— march ! Right about face, one step forward — march ! "

2. Str. Wlk. h St. pos. (§ 30, 6; 32, 5). " Left (r.) foot forward place and arms upward stretch — one! Tw(5! Arm- extension (stretching), change feet — one! Two! The same

— one! Two! "... 1 = Bend st. pos. 2 = Str. wlk. h st. pos.

3. St. 2 A. ext. backw. and upw. (§ 33, l). " Arms backward and upward stretch — one! Tw6! Three! F6ur! The same— one! Two! Three! Foiir!"...

4. Wg. turn St. arch fiex. (§ 34, 2 and 5). « Hips — firm ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! Backward — bend ! Up- ward — stretch ! . . . Forward -- bend ! Upward — stretch ! ... To the right (1.) — turn ! " etc.

5. Wg. Stride courtesy sitt. H. rot. (§ 30, 16; 36, 2). " Hips — firm ! Feet sideways — place ! Heels — lift I Knees — bend! Sit I Head rotation {or turning), left and right — onef Two ! . . . Forward — turn ! Knees — stretch I Heels 1 — sink ! Position 1 "

6. Yd. a stoop St. 2 A. fling". (§ 33, 3 ; 34, 2). Arms for- ward— bend! Trunk forward — bend! Arm-flinging (side- ways) — one ! Two ! One ! Two ! . . . Trunk upward — stretch ! Position ! " If in the class-room precede by : *' Right (1.) ob- lique — face! "

7. Marching (as in previous tables, or according to infan- try tactics if space permits).

8. Wg. Wlk. c St. rev. T. rot. (§ 34, 6). Hips — firm ! Feet — close! I^eft (r.) foot forward — place! Trunk to the right (1.) — turn! Forward — turn! . . . Change feet — dne! Two ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! " etc., the rotation taking place to the side of the backward foot.

9. Wg. toe St. forw. jump. V Hips — firm! Heels — lift! Forward jump — one ! Twd! One! Two!" . . . Com- pare XIV. 9. Alternate with VII. 9 and XI. 9.

10. Yd. wlk.ast. 2Heelelev.(§31, 2). Left (r.) foot sideways forward place and arms sideways stretch — one ! Two!" (See VIII. 2.) "Heels — lift! Sink! The same — dne! Two! . . . Arm extension (or stretching), change feet

— one! Twd! Heels— lift! Sink!"...

11. Yd. c St. 2 A. circ. (§33,4). If in the class-room, first : " Right (1.) oblique — f^ce ! " Then, " Arms sideways — lift! Arm circumduction (or circling) — start! . . . Stop! " Inhalation should occur while the arms move upward back- ward, exhalation while they move downward forward. The elevation of the chest should be distinct, the movement of the arms quite slight.

Begin and end the lesson by H. flex, backw.

78

School Gymnastics

XYI.

1. 180° and side step, " About face, one step to the left (r.) — march S About face, one step to the right (1.) — march!" ... In the schoolroom, precede by: " Right (1.) —

2. 'str. Wlk. c St. pos. (§ 30, 7; 32,5). *' Feet — close ! Left (r.) foot forward place and arms upward stretch — one! Tw(5! Arm extension (or stretching), change feet — one! Two ! The same — one ! Two ! . . . Position ! ! "

3. St. continuous 2 A. ext. sidew. (§33, 1). "Arm extension (or stretching), sideways— start ! Stop ! Position ! " (velocity about 55 movemelits a minute.)

4. Wg". turn St. arch jSex. See XV. 4. Alternate with III. 4.

5. Wg. St. Li. elev. sidew. (§31, 6). "Hips — firm! Left (r.) leg sideways —lift! Change feet — one! Two! The same — one! Two!" . . . Keep the shoulders level and the chest well elevated.

6. Yd. c stoop stride st. 2 A. circ. (§ 33, 4). ''Feet sideways place and arms sideways stretch — (5ne! Two!" (See Vil. 2.) ''Trunk forward — bend! Arm circumduction (or circling) — one! Two! One! Two!" . .. 1 = arms move upw. backw. 2= arms move downw. forw. "Trunk upward stretch! Position — one! Tw(5!"

7. Marching" according to previous tables.

8. Wg. turn wlk. a st. T. sidew. flex. (§ 35, 4 and 6). (In the schoolroom, first: "Right (1.) oblique — face!"). " Left (r.) foot sideways forward place and hips — firm ! " (As the foot strikes the ground the hands grasp.) " Trunk to the left (r.)— turn ! To the left (r.) — bend! Ujpward — stretch ! . . o Forward — turn ! " — Change feet and repeat to the other side.

9. Sidew. jump. "To the left (r.) jump — one! Two! Thr^e! Four! Five! To the right (1.) jump — one! Two! Three! Four! Five!" . . . (In the class-room precede by ♦Right (1.) — face! ") 1 = Heels lift. 2 = Knees bend. The arms, hanging straight from the shoulders, with clinched fists, are brought in front to the right (1.), if the jump is to take place to the left (r.). 3 = The arms swing towards the side of the jump, the latter occurring from botli feet. The landing takes place in usual form, the arms stopping the motion of th< trunk by swinging to the opposite side if necessary. 4 = Knees, stretch. 5 = Heels sink.

10 Yd. c wlk. h St. 2 Heel elev. (§ 31, 2). " Left (r.) foot forward place and arms sideways stretch — one ! Two ! " (See IX. 2.) "Heels — lift! Sink! The same— one! Two! . . . Arm extension (stretching). Change feet — one! Tw(5!"

11. St. 2 A. elev. sidew. and 2 Heel elev. (§ 33, 2). "Arms sideways lift, heels lift and breathe in — one! Sink and breathe out — two! The same — dne! Two.''* . .•

Begin and end the lesson by St. H. backw. flex.

School Gymnastics

79

XYII.

1. Wg". St. H. flex. forw. and backw. (§ 36, l).

** Hips — firm ! Head forward — bend ! Upward — stretch ! . . . Backward — bend ! Upward — stretch! . . . Position!"

2. Str. wlk. d St. pos. (§ 30, 8). " Left (r.) foot crosswise forward place and arms upward stretch — one! Two! Arm extension, change feet — one! Two!" . . . Compare VI. 2.

For little folks. Wg. courtesy sitt. H. rot. XII. 6.

3. St. contin. 2 A. ext. upw. (§ 32, 5). "Arm exten- sion (or stretching) upward — start ! Stop ! Position ! " Com- pare XVI. 3.

4. Wg. turn close st. arch flex. (§ 34, 2 and 5). Feet

— close! Hips — firm! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Back- ward— bend! Upward — stretch ! . , . Forward — bend! Up- ward—stretch ... To the right (1.) — turn! " etc.

5. Wg.fanout«st.pos.(§30,12). "Hips — firm! Left (r.) foot sideways forward — fallout! Change feet — one! Two! The same — one! Two!" . . . The movement should occur with as little noise as possible and without dragging the feet.

In the schoolroom precede by: " Right (1.) oblique — face ! " and execute the movement on the same principles as IV. 2.

For small children substitute VII. 5, or some other balance movement requiring less co-ordination than the fallout st. pos.

6. Reach St. 2 A. flg". (§32, 6). ** Arms forward stretch !

— one! Two! Armflinging upward — one! Two! One! Two! . . . Position!" 1 = Arms move quickly into Str. pos. 2 = Arms sink forward into reach pos.

7. Marching (§ 33, 11).

8. Rest Ijr. alt. Li. elev. (§43). "Cross legs! Sit on the floor! Lie down backward! Straight legs. Neck — firm ! " (See § 34, 3.) " Left (r.) leg — lift ! Sink ! Right — lift! Sink! The same — one! Two! Three! Four! . . . Position! " The leg is raised slightly, knee and instep being stretched. When the floor is too dirty substitute XVIII, 8.

9. Wg. Kn. St. T. rot. (§ 35, 5). " Hips — firm ! Kneel \ (§32,20.) Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Forward — turn ! To the right (1.) — turn! Forward — turn!" . . .

10. Sldew. jump. See XVI. 9. Alternate with Wg. Wlk. 6 St. jump. "Hips — firm! Left (r.) foot forward — place! Heels — lift' Change feet, jumping — one! Two! 6ne! Two !" . . . To be executed rhythmically like IX. 9.

11. Yd. c wlk. c St. 2 Heel elev. (§30,7). "Feet — close ! Left (r.) foot forward place and arms sideways stretch

— one! Two!" (See V. 2.) "Heels — lift! Sink! The same — one ! Two ! . . . Arm extension (or stretching), change feet — one ! Tw6 ! " etc.

12. Yd. c St. 2 A. circ See XV. 11. End the lesson by St. H. Backw. flex.

80

School Gymnastics

XVIII.

1. Wg. St. H. flex, sidew. (§ 36, 1). See VI. 1. Fol-

lowed by St. 2 Heel elev.

2. Wg". stride st. pos. in series (§31,1; 30,4). "Hips

— firm! Foot placing sideways, left and right — one! Two! Three! Four! The same — start! Position!" In the class- room precede by: '* Right (1.) — face ! " If stride st. pos. has not previously been practised to the command, "Left (r.) foot sideways — place ! " (instead of " Feet sideways place — one ! Two ! ") use that movement for a day or two, before doing it in series.

3. St. contin. 2 A. ext. backw. (See IV. 3.) " Arm extension (or stretching) backward — start! Stop! Position!" Compare XVI. 3.

4. Wg. turn close st. arch flex. See XVII. 4.

5. Wg. fallout a st. pos. backw. (§ 30, 12). "Hips — firm! Left (r.) foot sideways backward fallout! Change feet — one! Two! The same — one! Two!" . . .

In the schoolroom precede by: " Left (r.) — face!" For little folks substitute VIII., 5.

6. Yd. c St. 2 A. flg. forw. (§32, 6 and 9). "Arms side- ways lift! Arm-tlinging forward with turning of the hands

— (5ne! Two! The same — 6ne! Tw6 ! " . , . 1 = Elbows bend slightly and arms are flung into reach pos., palms up (the movement resembles a sword cut, not a thrust), 2 = Elbows bend slightly and arms are flung into Yd. c pos.

7. Marching.

8. Wg. Kn. St. T. backw. flex. (§ 34, 3). Hips firm! Kneel!" (§ .32, 20). "Trunk backward — bend ! " (Fall from the knee; do not arch the body). "Upward — stretch! Backward — bend! Upward — stretch! . . . Posi- tion! "

9. Wg". turn St. T. sidew. flex. (§ 35, 4 and 5). " Hips

— firm! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! To the left (r.) — bend! Upward — stretch! . . . To the right (1.) — turn ! To the right 1,1 ) bend ! " etc.

10. Wg. wlk. h St. jump. See XVII. 10. Alternate with upw. jump, see VIII. 9, and with 90° upw. jump. See XII. 10.

11. Yd. cwlk. dst. 2 Heel elev. (§ 30, 8). "Left (r.) foot crosswise forward place and arms sideways stretch — one! Tw(i! Heels— lift! Sink! The same— one! Two! . . . Arm extension (or stretching), change feet — one! Two! " etc. Compare XII. 2. For little folks substitute II. 10.

12. St. 2 A. elev. and 2 Heel elev. See XVI. 11. End the lesson by St. H. backw. flex.

School Gymnastics

81

XIX.

1. Yd. a St. 2 A. fig. See III., 11.

2. Wg. wlk. « St. pos. in series (§ 30, 5). "Hips — firm! Foot placing sideways forward — 6ne ! Tw(5! Thr^e! Four!" l = wlk. a. st. to the left; 3= wlk. a st. to the right. "The same, begin to the right — one! . . . Four!" Later the executory command will be, " Start ! . . . Stop ! "

In the schoolroom the movement takes the following form : " Right (1 ) oblique face ! Hips — firm I , Foot placing side- ways forward, left foot — one! Two! One! Two! . . . Po- sition! Left (r.) face ! Hips — firm! "etc. Compare IV. 2.

3. St. 2 A. ext. forw., sidew. and upw. (§ 40, 33, 1). "Arms forward, sideways, and upward stretch — one! Two! Three! . . . Six! The same — one! . . . Six!" 1,3. 6 = bend St. pos. ; 2 = reach st. pos. ; 4 = yd. c st. pos. ; 6 = Str. st. pos,

4. Yd. c turn wlk. a st. arch flex. (§ 30, 6). In the class-room, first, "Right (1.) o6Zigw^ — face ! " Then, "Left (r.) foot sideways forward place, and arms sideways stretch

— one! Two!" (See VIII., 2.) "Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Backward — bend ! Upward — stretch ! . . . Forward

— bend ! Upward — stretch ! etc. Remember to rotate to the side of the advanced foot.

6. Wg. toe St. 2 Kn. flex, to sitt. pos. (§ 41; 31, 2, 6). "Hips — firm! Heels— lift! Knee flexion (or bending) to sitting — one! Two! One! Two! . . . Position!" 1 = wg. courtesy sitt. pos. ; 2 = wg. toe st. pos.

6. Wff. stoop St. 2 A. ext. sidew. and backw. (§ 33,1,44). "Hips — firm! Trunk forward — bend! Arm- extension (or stretching) sideways and backward — one! Twd! Three ! F6ur ! The same — one ! Two ! Three ! Four ! . . . Trunk upward — stretch ! Position!" 2 = Yd. c stoop st. ; 4 = stoop St. with arms extended backward.

7. Marching. (See VIL, 7; IX.. 7, etc.)

8. Rest. ly. alt. L. elev. See XVII., 8. If for some reason the floor cannot be used, apply XX., 8.

9. Yd. c close St. T. rot. (§ 35, 5). " Feet — close! Arms sideways stretch — one ! Two ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn I Forward — turn ! To the right (1.) — turn ! Forward — turn ! , . . Position ! "

10. Wg. Wlk. 6 St. jump. SeeXVIIL,10. To be fol- lowed by

Forw. jump. See XL, 9.

11. Yd. c St. alt. toe and Heel-elev. (§3 1, 8). Com- mands as in I., 11, and VllL, 10.

12. Yd. d St. 2 A. and 2 Heel-elev. (§ 46 ; 32, 10). In

the class-room first, "Right (1.) oblique — face !" Then, "Arms sideways — lift ! Hands — turn ! Arms lift, heels lift and breathe in — one ! Sink and breathe out 1 — two ! The same — one ! Two 1 Position ! "

Begin and end by a Jl.Jlex, backw, or sidew.

82 School Gymnastics

XX.

1. St. 2 A. elev. forw., upw. See XL, 11.

2. Yd. toe St. H. rot. (§ 41). In the class-room first,

— "Right (1.) o6/^5^^e — face! " Then, Arms sideways — h'ft! Heels— Hft! Head rotation (or turning) left and right

— one! Two! One! Two! . . . Forward —turn ! Position!"

3. St. 2 A. ext. forw., backw., and upw. (§ 40, 33, 1). "Arms forward, backward, and upward stretch — one! Two! . . . Six!" Compare remarks on XIX., 3.

4. Yd. turn wlk. a st. arch fiex. See XIX., 4.

5. Wg. fallout St. h pos. backw. (later forw.) (§ 30, 11).

"Hips — firm! Left (r.) foot backward (f orw. )— fallout ! Change feet — one! Two! The same — one! Two! . . . Posi- tion ! " Remember to let the foot move with the least possible noise.

6. Wg. stoop St. 2 A. swim (§ 42, 33, 5). In the class- room first — "Right (1.) oblique — face!" Then, "Hips — firm ! Trunk forward — bend ! Arm swim — one'^'two I Three! The same — one^twd! Three! . . . Trunk upward

— stretch! — Position!" For the last two days make the command — "one! Two'^^three ! ! "

7. Marching. See preceding tables.

8. Stoopfall. H. rot. (§ 34, 7, Fig. 14). " Stoopfall. po- sition— one! Two! Head rotation (or turning), left and right — one! Two! . . . Forward — turn! Position — one! Two! "

9. Wg. turn close st. T. sidew. flex. (§ 35, 4). " Feet close and hips — firm! Trunk to the left (r.)— turn ! To the left (r.) — bend! Upward — stretch ! ... To the right (1.) — turn! " etc. Remember to bend to the side to which rotation has taken place.

10. 2 A. fl^. upw. jump. " Arms flung sideways, up- ward jump— one! Two! Three! Four! Five! The same

— one! . . . Five!" l=:toe st. ; 2 = courtesy st. ; hands crossed in front (by flexion from the elbows)). 3 = upw. jump ; the arms flinging outward to Yd. c pos. ; land in usual man- ner with arms along the sides ; 4 = toe st. ; 5 = fund. pos.

11. Rest St. Feet closing rhythmically (§ 41, 30,2). "Neck — firm! Feet close and open— one! Tw(5! One! Two! . . . Position!" Later command : — "Start! . . . Stop ! " If Rest pos. has not been previously practised, apply it between exercises Nos. 1 and 2 of this table.

12. Yd. St. 2 A elev. and 2 Heel-elev. See XIX., 12. To be followed by Yd. a st. 2 A fig. See II., 6.

Begin and end by H.Jiex. backw.

School Gymnastics 83

XXI.

1. St. 2 A. elev. sidew. See V., 11.

2. Wg. wlk. 6 St. pos. in series (§ 30, 6). **Hips —

firm! Foot-placing forward, left and right— one! Tw6! Three! F(5ur! The same — one! . . . Four! (or Stdrt! . . . St(5p!) . . . Position! "

3. St. 2 A. ext. forw., sidew., and backw. (§ 33, i). *' Arms forward, sideways and, backward stretch — one ! . . . Six! The same — one! . . . Six! . . . Position!"

4. Yd. c wlk. c St. arch flex. (§ 35, l). " Feet — close! Arms sideways stretch— one! Two! Trunk backward — bend ! Upward — stretch ! . . . Forward — bend ! Upward

— stretch! . . . Position!"

5. W^. fallout St. c pos. (§30, 11). "Feet — cldse! Hips — firm! Left (r.) foot forward — fallout ! Change feet

— one! Two! The same — one! Tw6! . . . Position!"

6. Bend stoop stride st. alt. A. ext. upw. (§ 33, 1).

" Feet sideways — place ! Arms upward — bend ! Trunk for- ward — bend ! Left (r.) arm upward — stretch ! Change arms

— one! Two! . , . Arms — bend! Trunk upward — stretch ! Position!

7. Marching.

8. Stoopfall. H. rot. See XX., 8.

9. Yd. c St. T. rot. (§ 34, 5). " Arms sideways stretch — one! Tw6! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Forward — turn ! " etc.

10. 2 A. flg. upw. jump. See XX., 10; to be followed by

90° upw. jump. See XII. , 10.

11. Rest St. 2 Heel-elev. (§ 31, 2). "Neck — firm! Heels — lift! Sink! The same — one! Two! . . . Position!"

12. St. 2 A. elev. forw., upw., and 2 Heel-elev. (§ 33, 2). Arms forward, upward, lift, heels lift and breathe in — one! Sideways downward sink and breathe out — twol The same — one ! Two! ..."

84

School Gymnastics

XXIL

1. Yd. <^ St. 2 A. elev. See IX., 11.

2. Wg. wlk. c St. pos. in series (§ 30, 7). "Feet —

close ! Hips — firm ! Foot-placing forward (left and riffht) — one ! Two ! Three ! Four ! The same — one ! . Four ' (or Start! Stop!)" ruunor

3. St. 2 A. ext. forw. upw., and backw. (IV., 3)

''Arms forward, upward, and backward stretch — one ! Six! The same -- one ! . . . Six! . . . Position!"

4. Yd. c wlk. c St. arch fiex. See XXI., 4.

5. Wg. cr. a. h St. Kn. ext. forw. (Fig. 3, 3). *' Hips — firm! Left (r.) knee upward — bend! Knee forward — stretch ! Bend ! Stretch ! Bend ! Change feet ~ one ! Two ! " etc.

6. Wg. Stoop stride st. A. ext. to \ str. yd. (§ 32, 12). " Feet sideways place and hips firm — 6ne \ Two ! Trunk forward — bend! Left arm upward, right arm sideways stretch — one I Two ! Change arms — one ! Two ! . . . Hips — firm ! Trunk upward — stretch ! Position ! " Compare IX., 3.

7. Marching.

8. Wg. foot gr. sitt. T. backw. flex. (Fig. 13). " Sit on the desks! Hips — firm! Trunk backward — bend! Up- ward — stretch ! . . Position ! " Do not arch the spine, but fall from the hip.

In case desks are not at hand let the pupils of one rank sit on the floor with legs stretched forward, while the other rank kneel, facing the first, and holding their feet firmly to the floor with both hands. If the floor is too dirty for this movement, substitute XXIII., 8.

9. \ str. wg. stride st. T. sidew. flex. (§ 35, 4). Hips — firm ! Feet sideways — place ! Right (1.) arm upward

stretch — one ! Tw6! Trunk to the left (r.) — bend ! Upward — stretch ! . . . change arms — one ! Two ! To the right (1.) — bend ! " etc. Bend to the side opposite the extended arm.

10. Wg. courtesy sitt. forw. jump. ''Hips — firm! Heels— lift! Knees — bend (all the way down)! Forward jump — 6ne ! Tw6 ! One ! Twd ! . . . Position ! " The move- ment consists of a rapid succession of slight contractions and relaxations of the extensors of knees and ankles producing a very elastic motion. The space covered by each jump should be but a few inches.

To be followed by sidew. jump. See XVI., 9.

11. Rest stride st. 2 Heel-elev. (§ 31, 2). " Feet side- ways place and neck — firm !" (The arms move with the right foot.) " Heels — lift ! Sink ! The same — <5ne ! Two ! . . . Position ! "

12. St. 2 A. elev. forw. upw. and 2 Heel-elev. (See XXI., 12), followed by yd. c st. 2 A. circ. See XV., 11.

School Gymnastics 85

XXIII.

1. Yd. 0 St. 2 A. circ. See XV., 11.

2. Wg;. wlk.^ist. pos. inseries(§30,8). "Hips —firm! Foot placing crosswise forward (left and right) -- dne ! Tw61 Thr^e! Four! The same — (5ne! . . . Four! (or Start I Stop!) '* For modifications in the schoolroom, compare VI., 2, and XIX., 2.

3. St. 2 A. ext. sidew., backw., and upw. (§ IV., 3). "Arms sideways, backward, and upward stretch — one ! . . . Six! The same — one! . . . Six! . . . Position!"

4. Yd. c close St. arch flex. (§39). Feet — cldse! Arms sideways stretch — one! Tw(5! Trunk backward — bend! Upward — stretch ! . . . Forward — bend! Upward

— stretch . . . Position!"

5. Wg. toe stride st. 2 Kn. flex, to sitt. pos. (§ 31, 5). ''Feet sideways place and hips — firm! Heels!— lift! Knee flexion (or bending) to sitting (or all the way down) — 6ne! Two! One! Tw6 !... Heels — sink ! Position!"

1 = courtesy stride sitt. pos. 2 = toe stride st. pos.

6. Bend stoop st. alt. A. ext. to yd. d (§ 32, 10). ** Arms upward — bend ! Trunk forward — bend ! Arm ex- tension (or stretching) sideways, palm up, left and right — 6ne! Two! One! Tw6! . . . Arms bend! Trunk upward — stretch ! Position ! "

7. Marching.

8. Wg. iKn. St. T. backw. flex. (§43). "Hips-firm! On the left (r.) — kneel!" (§ 30, 21.) Trunk backward- bend! Upward — stretch! . . . (Dhange knees — 6ne! Two!" (1 =z= wg. St. pos. 2 = ^ Kn. St. on the right (1.) knee.) *' Trunk backward — bend!" etc. Do not arch the spine, but fall from the knee.

9. Yd. c stride st. T. rot. (§ 44). " Feet sideways place and arms sideways stretch — dne ! Tw6 ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! Forward — turn ! To the left (r.) — turn! For- ward— turn . . . Position — one! Tw6!"

10. Yd. c toe St. quick jump. forw. " Arms sideways

— lift ! Heels — lift ! Forward jump — 6ne ! Tw6 ! One ! Twd! . . . Position!" For execution, see XIV., 9. To bo followed by Upw. jump. See VII., 9.

11. Rest close st. 2 Heel-elev. (§ 31, 2). ** Feet close and neck — firm! Heels — lift! Sink! The same — one! Two! 6ne! Two! . . . Position!"

12. St. 2 A. elev. sidew. upw. and 2 Heel-elev. (§ 46). " Arms sideways upward lift, heels lift and breathe in — one ! Sideways downward sink and breathe out — two ! The same — one! Two! One! Two! "... (Precede by "Right o&^igwe — face! "

End by St. H. rot. with backw, flex.

86

School Gymnastics

XXIV.

1. St. 2 A. ext. to yd. d. See YII., 11.

2. Wg". wlk. a b c or d backw. St. pos. in series.

*' Hips — firm ! Foot placing- sideways backward (backward, etc.)

— one ! . . . Four I " Conapare XIX., 2 to XXIII., 2, inclusive.

3. St. 2 A. ext. sidew., backw., and upw. (IV., 3). ''Arms sideways, backward, and upward stretch — one! . . . Six! The same — one! . . . Six!" (Precede by "Right (1.) oblique — face ! ")

4. Yd. c close St. arch. flex. See XXIII., 4.

5. Wg". fallout St. d pos. (§ 30, 12). "Hips — firm! Left (r.) foot, toe-supporting, backward — fallbut! Change feet — one! Twd! The same — one! Two! . . . Position!"

6. Str. stoop stride st. 2 A. ext. upw. (Fig. 10).

" Feet sideways place and arms upward stretch — one! Tw6! Trunk forward — bend! Arm extension (or stretching) up- ward— one! Two! One! Two! . . . Trunk upward — stretch! Position — one ! Twd! "

7. Marching.

8. Wg. foot gr. h St. T. backw. flex. (Fig. 5). " From right to left count — twos ! Numbers one left, numbers two right — face! Numbers one, hips — firm! Left (r.) foot for- ward on seat — place! Numbers two — grasp! Ones, trunk backward — bend ! Upward — stretch! " . . . (Fallback; do not arch the spine.) " Change feet — one ! Two ! Backward

— bend ! " etc.

Where no desks are at hand substitute XXIII., 8.

9. I str. wg. St. T. sidew. flex. (§ 44). "Hips — firm! Right (I.) arm upward stretch — one! Two! Trunk to the left (r.) — bend! Upward — stretch ! . . . Change arms — one! Two! " etc. Compare XXII., 9.

10. 2 A. and L. fig", upw. jump. If in the schoolroom first "Numbers two — sit down! Numbers one, right (1.) — f^ice ' '* Then " Arms and legs flung sideways upward jump — one! Two! Three! Four! Five! The same — one! . . . Five! "... At "thr^e! " jump and fling arms into yd. c legs into stride pos., and land in usual manner (heels together, arms behind thighs, etc.) If the teacher finds that there is not enough space for this movement, substitute XX., 10.

11. Rest wlk. a St. 2 Heel-elev. (§31, 2). "Neck- firm ! Left (r.) foot sideways forward — pUce ! Heels — lift ! Sink! The same — (5ne! Two! One! Two!" . . . For space compare IV., 2.

12» St. 2 A. elev. sidew., upw., and 2 Heel-elev. See XXIII., 12. To be followed by Yd. a st.2A.fig. III., 11. End by H.flex. forio. and backw.

School Gymnastics

87

XXY.

1. St. H. sidew. laex. See VI., 1.

2. Yd. c stride st. pos. in series (§ 30, 4). "Foot placing sideways and arm extension {or stretching) sideways (left and right) — one! Two! Three! Four!" ... 1 and 3 = Bend st. pos. 2 and 4 = yd. c stride st. resp. to the left and right, the foot being moved twice its own length to its own side. In the schoolroom precede by " Right (1.) — face ! "

To be followed by St. prep, to jump. See VI., 10.

3. St. 2 A. ext. sidew. and upw. in series (§ 10, 2). ** Arm extension (or stretching) sideways and upward — Start ! . . . Position ! "

4. Yd. c St. arch flex. (§ 34, Fig. 10). *' Arms sideways

— lift! Trunk backward — bend ! Upward — stretch! . . . Hands — turn ! Arms — lift ! Trunk forward — bend ! Up- ward—stretcli ! . . . Position!

5. Wg. wlk. a St. 2 Kn. flex. (§ 31, 5). In the class- room, first, "Right (1.) oblique — face!" — "Hips — firm! Left (r.)foot sideways forward — place! Heels lift! Knees

— bend! " (The weight chiefly on the backward leg; the for- ward knee bends only slightly. ) " Knees — stretch ! Heels — sink! The same — one! . . . Four!" Change feet and repeat.

6. Bend stoop st. 2 A. ext. upw. (Fig. 10). '* Arms upward — bend! Trunk forward— bend ! Arm extension (or stretching) upward — one! Two! One! Two! . . . Trunk upward — stretch ! Position ! "

7. Marching".

8. Str. ly. alt. L. elev. (§ 45). "Sit on the floor! Lie down backward! Arms upward stretch — 6ne! Two! " (The arms rest on the floor in a line with the body.) *' Left (r.) leg — lift! Change legs — one! Two! . . . Leg — sink! Rise and stand ! "

If the floor cannot be used, substitute XXVT., 8.

9. ^ str. wg. close st. T. sidew. flex. (§ 35, 4). " Feet close and hips — firm! Right (1.) arm upward stretch — one! Two! Trunk to the left (r.) — bend! Upward — stretch ! To the left (r.) — bend! Upward — stretch ! " etc. Bend to the side opposite the extended arm.

10. 90° Upw. jump (§ 45). See XIL, 10. Also repeat any of the preceding forms of jumping, and insist upon good form.

11. Rest Wlk. 6st. 2Heel-elev. (§31,2). " Left (r.) foot forward place and neck — firm ! Heels — lift ! Sink ! The same — one! Two! . . . Change feet — one! Two!" etc.

12. Yd. a St. 2 A. flg. and P. placing forw. (§ 33, 3). " Arms forward — bend! Arm flinging, foot placing forward

— one! Two! Three! Four! One! Two! Three! Four! . . . Position!" l = Yd. c wlk. h st. with the left foot advanced; 3 = the same with the right foot; 2 and 4 = Yd. a st. pos, Inhale on 1 and 3, exhale on 2 and 4.

End the lesson by St, 2 Heel-elev, (§ 31, 2).

88

School Gymnastics

XXYI.

1. Wg. St. H. rot. with flex. (§ 36). Hips — firm! Head to the left (r.) — turn ! Head backward — bend ! Upward

— stretch! . . . Forward — turn ! . . . Position!" The head is bent in the direction of the occiput ; i.e., obliquely backward.

2. Yd. c wlk. a St. pos. in series (§ 31, 1). Left (r.) foot sideways forward place, and arms sideways stretch — one ! Two ! Arm extension (or stretching), change feet — dne! Two ! Continue ! . . . Position ! "

For modification in schoolroom, see XIX., 2.

3. Yd. h St. 2 A. flg. (§ 32, 8, 11). " Arm,s half -forward — bend! Arm flinging upward — one ! Two! One! Two! . . • Position! "

4. Yd. c St. arch flex. See XXV., 4.

5. Wg. Wlk. d St. 2 Kn. flex. (§ 31, 5). " Hips — firm! Left (r.) foot crosswise forward — place! Heels — lift! — Knees — bend! Knees — stretch! Heels — sink! The same

— one! . . . Four! Change feet — one! Twd! " etc. Com- pare VI., 2.

6. Str. Stoop St. 2 A. fig. (Fig. 10). "Arms upward stretch — one! Two! Trunk forward — bend! To horizon- tal, arms forward — sink ! Upward — fling ! The same — one Tw6! . . . Trunk upward — stretch! Position!"

7. Marching.

8. Yd. c Kn. St. T. backw. flex. (§ 34, 3). " Arms side- ways—lift! Heels — lift! Kneel! Trunk backward — bend\ Upward — stretch ! Backward — bend ! Upward — stretch I . . . Position! "

9. Yd. wlk. a St. T. rot. (§ 34,5). In the schoolroom first, " Right (1.) oblique face ! " — «' Left (r.) foot sideways for- ward place, and arms sideways stretch — one! Two! Trunk to the left (r.) turn ! Forward — turn ! " . . . Rotate to the side of the advanced foot.

10. 2 A. and L. flg. upw. jump. See XXIV., 10. Also

review XIX., 9.

11. Rest St. alt. toe-elev. (§ 31, 3). "Neck — firm! Alternate toe-elevation (or lifting) — stdrt! . . . Stop! Position!"

12. Yd. a St. 2 A. flg. and F. placingr forw. See

XXV., 12.

End by St, 2 JSeel-elev,

School Gymnastics

89

XXVII.

1. Yd. cwlk. 6 St. DOS. in series (§31, 1). "Armexten- 8ion (or stretching) sideways, foot placing, forward, left and right — one ! Two ! Three ! Four ! Continue ! . . . Position ! "

2. W^. St. Slow. 2 Kn. flex. (§ 31, 5). "Hips — firm! Heels — lift! Slowly, knees — bend ! Knees — stretch! Heels

— sink! The same — one ! . . . Four!" . . .

8. Wg. turn Stride St. 2 A. ext. sidew. (§40). **Feet sideways place, and hips firm — one! Two! Trunk to the left (r.)— turn! Arm extension {or stretching) sideways — one! Two! One! Two!" . . .

Also review XXVI., 3 every other day. #

4. Yd. c St. arch flex. (§ 39). "Arms sideways — lift! Trunk backward — bend ! Upward — stretch ! . . . Forward

— bend! Upward — stretch ! . . . Position!"

5. Wg. cr. a h St. Kn. abd. (§ 30, 17). "Hips -firm! Left (r.) knee upward— bend! Knee abduction — one! Two!" , . . or " Knee sideways — move! Forward — move! The same — one! Two! " The leg remains vertical through- out the movement.

6. Str. stoop St. 2 A. elev. (§ 11 ; § 33, 2). " Arms up- ward stretch — one! Two! Trunk forward — bend ! Arms sideways — sink ! (Yd. pos.) Lift! The same— one! Two! . . . Trunk upward — stretch ! Position ! "

7. Marching.

8. Yd. c foot gr. sitt. T. backw. flex. (§ 43, Fig. 13). "Sit on the desks! Arms sideways — lift! Trunk backward

— bend! Upward — stretch ! . . . Position!" In absence of desks use the floor, as in XXn.,8. If the floor is too dirty to sit on, apply XX VIII., 8.

9. Yd. c wlk. a St. rev. T. rot. (§ 34, 6). In school- room, " Right (1.) oblique — face! " — " Left (r.) foot sideways forward place, and arms sideways stretch — one ! Tw(5 ! Trunk to the right (1.) — turn! Forward — turn ! " etc. Rotate to the side of the backward foot.

10. W^. courtesy sitt. sidew. jump. " Hips — firm ! Heels — lift! All the way down, knees — bend! Sideways jump! — one! Two! 6ne! Two! . . . Position!" Exe- cuted on the same principles as XIII., 9. Review XI., 9.

11. Rest Wlk. c St. 2 Heel-elev. (§ 30, 2\ " Feet close, and neck — firm! Left (r.) foot forward — place! Heels — lift! Sink! The same — one! Two!" etc.

12. Yd. a turn close st. 2 A. flg. (§ 46). " Feet — close! Arms forward — bend! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! Arm flinging, breathe in — one ! Breathe out — two ! The same- <3ne! Two! . . . To the right (1.) — turn!" etc.

End by Close st. 2 Meel-elev. and St. ff. hachw.flex.

90

School Gymnastics

XXYIII.

1. Yd. wlk. c St. pos. in series (§ 31, l). "Feet

— close! Left (r .) foot forward and arms sideway stretch — one! Two! Arm extension (or stretching), change feet — <Sne! Two! One! Two! ... (or Start! Stop!) Position!"

2. Wg. stride st. slow 2 Kn. flex. (§31, 5). "Feet sideways and hips firm — one! Two! Heels — lift! Slowly, knees — bend! Upward — stretch ! Heels — sink! The same

— one! . . . Four! "etc.

3. Wg. turn stride st. 2 A. ext. upw. (§ 40 ). (" Feet sideways and hips firm — one ! Two!) Trunk to the left (r.)

— turnl Arm-extension (or stretching) upward — one ! Two I One! Two! . . . Hips — firm! To the right (1.)— turn!" etc.

4. Yd. c St. arch flex. SeeXXVTI.,4.

5. Yd. c St. 2 Kn. flex. (§ 41). " Arms sideways stretch

— one! Two! Heels — lift! Knees — bend! Knees — stretch ! Heels — sink! The same — one! Two! Three! Four!" . . .

6. Reach stoop stride st. 2 A. flg. (§ 33, 3). " Feet sideways place — one! Two! Arms forward —lift! Trunk forward — bend! (Arms horizontal.) Arm-flinging upward — <5ne! Two! One! Two! . . . 6ne! Trunk upward — stretch ! Position — one ! Two ! "

7. Marching".

8. Yd. c Kn. St. T. backw. flex. (§ 30,20). "Kneel! Arms sideways — lift! Trunk backward bend! (Fall from the knee ; do not arch.) Upward — stretch ! . . . Position ! "

9. ^ str.wg. wlk. 6 St. T. sidew. flex.(§44 ). "Hips — firm ! Left (r.) foot forward — place ! Kight (1.) arm upward stretch — one! Two! Trunk to the left (r.) — bend! Upward

— stretch! . . . Change arms and feet — one! Two! To the right — bend!" etc. Eemember to bend to the side of the advanced foot, the opposite arm being in str. pos.

10. 1 step forw. jump. " Left (r.) foot forward, for- ward jump — onc^twd! Three! Four! The same right (1.) foot — one'~'twd ! Three! Four!" . . . l = wlk. h st. pos. 2 = jumping occurs forward from the advanced foot, the arms oscillating forward ; landing takes place in usual form on both feet. 3 = toe st. pos. 4 = fund. pos.

To be followed (or substituted) by Wg. toe st. stride jump. See IX., 9.

11. Rest St. alt. toe and Heel-elev. (§ 31, 4). " Neck

— firm! Alternate toe and heel elevation (or lifting) — one! Two! . . . (or Start! Stop!) Position!"

12. Yd. a turn close st. 2 A. flg. (§ 46 ). See XXVIL 12.

End by Close st. 2 Heel-elev.

School Gymnastics 91

XXIX.

1. St. 2 A. elev. sidew. and 2 Heel-elev. (§ 46), See XVI., 11.

2. Yd. wlk. d St. pos. in series (§ 31, 1). " Left (r.^ foot crosswise forward and arms sideways stretch — one! Twd ! Arm-extension (or stretching), change feet — one ! Two ! Continue! . . . Position !" — In the schooh'oom: "Right (1.) oblique — face ! Foot-placing crosswise forward, arm-stretch- ing sideways, right (1.) foot — one! Two! . . . Position! Left (r.) — face ! " etc. Compare XII., 2. For little folks sub- stitute XXVII., 2.

3. St. continuous 2 A. ext. sidew. and backw. (§40). ''Arm-extension (or stretching) sideways and back- ward — start ! . . . Position ! "

4. Yd. c turn wlk. a st. arch flex. (§ 39 ). In the schoolroom first "Right (1.) oblique — face!" Then "Left (r.) foot sideways forward and arms sideways stretch — one ! Two!" (See VIII., 2.) " Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! " (Ro- tate so far as to face in direction of the advanced foot.) " Backward — bend ! Upward — stretch ! . . . Forward — bend ! Upward — stretch ! . . . Forward — turn ! " etc.

5. Wg. toe St. alt. Kn. upw. flex. (§ 30, 17). " Hips — firm! Heels— lift! Left (r.) knee upward — bend! Change feet — one! Two! . . . Position!" Do not keep the pupils long in the wg. cr. a toe \ st. pos. ; but let the change occur rather quickly.

6. Yd. d stoop stride st. 2 A. elev. (§ 32, 10). " Feet sideways and arms sideways stretch — one ! Two ! Hands

— turn! Trunk forward — bend ! Arms — lift! Sink! The same — one! Two! . . . Trunk upward — stretch ! " etc.

7. Marching'.

Yd. c i Kn. St. T. backw. flex. (§ 30, 21). "On the left (r.) — kneel! Arms sideways — lift! Trunk backward

— bend! Upward — stretch! . . .Position!" Fall back, do not arch the body.

9. Yd. c wlk. b St. T. rot. (§ 35, 5). " Left (r.) foot forward and arms sideways stretch — one ! Two 1 Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Forward! — turn!" . . . Rotate to the side of the ad- vanced foot.

10. 1 step forw. jump. See XXVIII., 10, followed by Wg. toe St. quick jump forw. See XV., 9.

11. Str. St. feet closing rh^rthmically (§ 30, 3). "Arms upward stretch — one! Two! Feet closing — one! Two! ... (or Start! Stdp!) "

12. Yd. d Turn close st. 2 A. elev. (§ 46). " Feet

— close! Arms sideways — lift! Hands — turn! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! Arms — lift, breathe in ! Sink, breathe out! The same — one! Two!" . . .

Followed by Yd. a st. 2 A. Jig. See III., 11.

92

School Gymnastics

XXX.

1. Yd. c St. 2 A. circ. See XV., 11.

2. Str. stride st. pos. in ser. (XIII., 2.) In school- room first " Right (1.) — face ! " Then " Left (r.) foot sideways and arms upward stretch — one! Twd! Arm-extension (or stretching), change feet — one! Two! . . . Position!"

3. Wg. turn close st. 2 A. ext. backw. (§ 40 ). ** Hips firm and feet — cl6se ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! Arm-extensiou (or stretching), backward — one! Two! (or Start! Stop!) . . . To the right (1.)— turn! " etc.

4. Yd. c turn stride st. arch flex. (§ 39). " Feet side- ways and arms sideways stretch — dne ! Two ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Backward — bend! Upward — stretch! . . . Forward — bend ! Upward — stretch ! " etc.

5. Wg. courtesy sitt. 2 A. ext. sidew. (§ 41 ). " Hips

— firm! Heels — lift! All the way down, knees — bend! Arm-extension (or stretching), sideways — one! Two! . . . Position! '*

6. i Str. yd. c stoop stride st. 2 A. elev. (§ 42).

*' Feet sideways and hips firm — dne! Two! Trunk forward

— bend ! Left (r.) arm upward, right (1.) arm sideways stretch palm up — one ! Two ! Arm-elevation (or lifting) — one ! Two ! " . . . (One arm is raised while the other is lowered, the angle between the arms remaining 90°.) Hips — firm ! Trunk up- ward — stretch ! Position ! ' '

7. Rest close toe st. slow march (§ 33, 11). Feet close and neck — firm ! Heels — lift ! Slowly forward march

— one! Two! One! Two!" . . . Compare VII., 7.

8. Yd. c foot gr. I St. T. backw. flex. For foot gr. \ St. pos. See XXIV., 8. For movement see XXIX., 8.

In absence of desks give Stoop/all F. placing. (§ 34, 7). " Stoopf ailing —one ! Two! Feet forward place — dne! Backward — twd ! The same — dne ! Twd . . . Position ! " 1 = first part of stoopfall. pos.

9. h str. wg. wlk. c St. T. sidew. flex. (§ 35, 4) . " Feet close and hips — firm ! Left (r.) foot forward — place ! Right (1.) arm upward stretch — one! Twd! Trunk to the left (r.)

— bend! Upward — stretch !" etc. Remember to bend only to the side of the advanced foot.

10. 180° Upw. jump. " Turning 180° to the left (r.) up- ward jump — dne ! Two ! Thr^e ! Four ! Five ! " 3 = jump and turn just before landing ; land in usual manner; etc.

11. Rest wlk. d St. 2 Heel-elev. (§ 30, 8). In classroom first Right (1.) oblique — face ! " Then " Right (1.) foot cross- wise forward and neck — firm! Heels — lift! Sink! The same — dne! Two!'* etc.

12. Yd. dturn st. 2 A. elev. (§ 46). "Arms sideways

— hft ! Hands — turn ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! " etc. Com- pare XXIX., 12. End by Yd. a st. 2 A. Jig. See III., 11.

School Gymnastics

93

XXXI.

1. Str. wlk. a St. DOS. in series (§ 38). In the school, room: "Right (1.) oblique — face! Arm-stretching upward, foot-placing sideways forward, left (r.) — one! Tw6! One! Tw6 1 " 1 = Bend st. pos. ; 2 = str. wlk. a st., the left (r.) foot advanced.) Later: "Startl . . . Stop!" Position! Left (r.) — fdcel" etc.

In the hall command :...*' foot-placing sideways forward, left and right — " str. wlk. a st. pos. is then taken alternately to each side.

2. Wg. toe St. 2 kn. flex, to sitt. pos. See XIX., 5.

3. St. 2 A. ext. upw. slowly (§ 33. l). " Slowly, arms upward stretch — one! Tw6! The same — one! Two! . . . Position!" The arms move through yd. e pos. (Fig. 7. 6), slowly into str. pos. (Fig. 7. 4), elbows drawn well back and hands extended.

4. Yd. turn st. arch flex. (§ 39). (In the class-room, first: "Right (1.) oblique — face!") "Arms sideways — lift! Trunk to the left (r.)— turn! Backward — bend I Upward — stretch!" . . . Forward — bend ! Upward — stretch ! " . . .

5. Yd. wlk. h St. 2 kn. flex. For commencing pos^ command as in IX., 2, for movement as in IV., 5.

6. Yd. h stoop St. 2 A. flg. "Arms half forward — bend! (§ 32. 8.) Trunk forward — bend! Arm-flinging up- ward—dne! Two! 6ne! Two!" . . . (1 = Yd. e; 2 = Yd, 6). Trunk upward — stretch ! Position ! "

7. Marching.

8. Stoopfall. H. rot. (§ 34. 7). "Hands on the chairs — place ! Feet backward — place ! Head rotation {or turning) left and right — one ! Two ! . . . Forward — turn ! Position ! "

9. Yd. c wlk. c St. T. rot. Command for commencing pos. as in X., 2. " Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! " Rotate to the side of the advanced foot.

10. 180° upw. jump (§ 45). See XXX., 10, to alter- nate with 1 step's start forw. jump. See XXVIII., 10.

11. Str. St. 2 Heel-elev. (§ 32. 5 and 31. 2).

12. Bend turn close st. 2 A. ext. to Yd. d (§ 46). " Arms upward — bend ! Feet — close ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Arm-extension (or stretching) sideways, palms up, breathe in— one! Breathe out — two! The same — one! Two!" . . .

94

School Gymnastics

XXXII.

1. Yd. c St. 2 A. fig. forw. See XVIII., 6.

2. Yd. c toe St. H. rot. Arms sideways — lift ! Heels — lift ! Head rotation (or turning), left and right — one ! Two ! . . . Position!

3. St. slow. 2 A. ext. upw. See XXXI., 3, to alternate with XVII., 6.

4. Yd. c turn close st. arcti flex. (§ .39). Command as in XIX., 9, followed by " Trunk backward — bend! " etc.

5. Yd. a courtesy st. 2 A. fig". (§ 41). "Arms for- ward—bend! Heels — lift! To right angles, knees — bend! Arm -flinging — one! (Yd. c). Two! One! Two! . . .Position! "

6. Wg. Stoop stride st. 2 A. ext. to Yd. d (§ 42). '* Feet sideways place and hips — firm! Trunk forward — bend ! Arm-extension sideways, slowly, palms up — one ! Two! "...

7. Marching".

8. Stoopfalling F. placing (§ 43). Stoop-falling position — one! Twc' ! (See XXXI., 8). Feet forward place

— one! " (If the hands are on the floor, put feet near them; if on chairs, put feet as far forward as possible.) *' Backward

— two! The same — one! Two! . . . Position!"

9. i str. wg. turn stride st. T. sidew. flex. (§ 44). " Feet sideways place and hips — firm ! Trunk to the left (r.)

— turn! Right (1.) arm upward stretch — one! Twd! Trunk to the left (r.) — bend! Upward — stretch!" . . . Bend to the side opposite the extended arm.

10. Two Steps start forw. jump. (§ 45). "Left (r.) and right (1.) foot forw. jump — one'^two ! Thr6e ! Four! Five ! " 1 =left (r.) foot in wlk. h pos. ; 2 = right (1.) foot passes the other one and springs the body from the ground ; 3= land in usual manner. The arms swing forward to assist the movement.

— To alternate with wg. toe J at. quick ju7np forw. See XXX,, 10.

11. Str. stride st. 2 Heel-elev. (§ 41, p. 54). Com- mand: see XIII., 2, and § 31. 2.

12. Yd.d turn close st. 2 A. elev. (§ 46). ''Feet- close! Arms sideways — lift! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Hands — turn! Arms lift and breathe in — one! Sink and breathe out — two ! The same — one! Two!" , . .

School Gymnastics

96

XXXIII.

1. Str. wlk. c St. pos. in series (§ 38). "Feet — close! Foot-placing forward, arm-extension upward — One! Two! Three! Four!" . . . Later Start! . . . Stop!" land 3 = bend close st. pos. ; 2 and 4 = str. wlk. c st. pos., with each foot alternating.

2. Wg. fallout, b St. pos. (§ 30. 11). ''Hips — firm! Left (r.) foot forward (backward) — falldut! Change feet — one! Two!" . . .

3. St. 2 A. ext. forw. and backw. in series (§ 40).

"Arm-extension {or stretching) forward and backward — start! Stop! " . . .

4. ^ str. wg". turn wlk. a st. arch flex. (§ 39). (In the schoolroom, first : " Right (1.) od/zgwe — face!") Left (r.) foot sideways forward place and hips — firm! Trunk to left (r.) — turn ! {Rotate to the side of the advanced foot.) Right (1.) arm upward stretch — one! Two! {The arm opposite the advanced foot.) Backward — bend! Upward — stretch! . . . Forward — bend! Upward — stretch ! " . . . etc.

5. Yd. c St. L. elev. backw. (§ 41). "Arms side- ways —lift! Left (r.) leg backward —lift! (Fig. 3. 1.) Change feet — one ! Two ! The same — one ! Two ! . . . Position ! "

6. Str. stoop. St. 2 A. flex, to Yd. e (§ 42). "Arms upward — stretch ! Trunk forward — bend ! Half way, slowly, arms — bend ! (Fig. 7. 6.)j Stretch ! The same — one ! Two ! " . . .

7. Marching.

8. Rest ly. excentric 2 L. elev. (§ 43). "Lie on your back! (XYIL, 8.) Neck — firm! Knees upward — bend! (= cr. a pos. Fig.S,2.) Knees — stretch! {=cr. b pos. Fig. 3. 3.) Legs— sink! The same — one! Two! Three!" . . .

If the floor cannot be used, apply XXXIV., 8, or XXXII., 8.

9. Yd. c wlk. c St. rev. T. rot. (§ 44). For com- mencing pos. see X., 2. For movement see § 34, 6. Rotate to the side of the backward foot.

10. Two steps start forw. jump. See XXXII., 10, to

alternate with Sidew.jump. See XVI., 9.

11. Str. close st. 2 Heel-elev. § 30. 3; 32. 5; 31. 2.

12. Turn close st. 2 A. elev. forw. upw. (§ 46). "Feet — close) Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Arms forward upward — lift (breathe in) ! Sideways downward — sink (breathe out) ! The same — <5ne ! Two!" . . .

96

School Gymnastics

XXXIY.

1. Str. wlk. d St. pos. in series. (§ 10. 2). «*Left (r.)

foot crosswise forward place and arms upward stretch — one! Two! Arm-extension, change feet — one! Two! . . . Posi- tion!" For space in class-room, compare XXIX., 2. For small children substitute XXXI., 1.

2. Wg. St. slow 2 Kn. flex. See XXVII., 2.

3. Turn St. 2 A. ext. sidew. (§ 40). Hips — firm! Trunk to the left (r.) turn! Arm-extension sideways — one! Two! One! Two! "...

4. h Str. wg. turn wlk. b at. arch flex. (§ 39).

" Hips — firm! Left (r.) foot forward — place ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Right (1.) arm upward stretch — one! Two! Trunk backward — bend ! Upward— stretch ! Backward — bend! Upward — stretch! " Repeat to the other side; then: "Position! Arms upward— stretch ! Trunk forward down- ward— bend!" (Fig. 10.) "Upward — stretch! Position!"

5. Yd. c close toe st. slow march. "Feet — close! Arms sideways — lift! Heels — lift! Slowly, forward march — one! Two!" . . . Compare VI., 7.

6. Yd. c fallout St. 6 2 A. giro. (§ 42). "Hips — firm! Left (r.) foot backward — fallout! Arms sideways — stretch! Arm-circumduction (or circling) — start! Stop! Arm-exten- sion, change feet — one ! Two! "...

7. Marching".

8. i str. Kn. st. T. backw. flex. (§ 4.3). "Hips — firm! Heels — lift! Kneel! Left (r.) arm upward — stretch! Trunk backward — bend! (Fall from the knees; do not arch the body.) Upward — stretch!" . . .

9. ^ str. wg. turn wlk. c st. T. sidew. flex. (§ 44). "Feet close and hips — firm! Left (r.) foot forward — place! To the left (r.) — turn ! Right (1.) arm upward — stretch ! To the left (r.) — bend!" Rotate and bend to the side of the advanced foot, with the opposite arm extended.

10. Yd. c toe ^ St. forw. jump. Compare XXIII., 10. and XXX., 10.

To be followed by 2 A. fling, upw.jump. See XX., 10.

11. Str. wlk. a st. 2 Heel-elev. See XIV., 2, and § .31. 2.

12. Turn close st. 2 A. elev. sidew. upw. (§ 46). "Feet — cl6se! Trunk to the left (r.)— turn! Arms side- ways upward — lift (breathe in)! Sideways downward — sink (breathe out) ! The same — one! Two!" . . »

Begin and end lesson by H. flex, backw. and StJCi^^ % Heel-elev.

School Gymnastics 97

XXXV.

1. St. 2 A. ext. sidew. See I., il.

2. W&. stride at. 2 Heel-elev. in series. In class- room, first: "Right (1.) — face !" — '* Hips — firm ! Foot placing sideways, heel-elevation, left (r.)— one! Two! Three! Four! ... or start! . . . Stop!" land 3 = wg. stride st.; 2 = wg. stride toe st. ; 4=Wg. st.

3. Turn St. 2 A. ext. upw. Trunk to the left (re- turn! Arm-extension upward — one! Two! One! Two! "...

4. ^ str. wg. wlk. c st. arch flex. (§ 39). For Wg. wlk. c St., see V., 2. Then: "Right (1.) arm upward — stretch!" (The arm opposite the advanced foot.) Trunk backward — bend! Upward — stretch ! " . . . Repeat with each foot in advance, then form fund. pos. " Arms upward — stretch! Trunk forward downward — bend ! " . . .

5. Yd. c courtesy st. H. rot. (§ 41). "Arms side- ways— lift! Heels — lift! Knees — bend! Head rotation (or turning), left and right — one! Two! . . . Forward — turn ! Position! "

6. Yd. a fallout st. 6 2 A. fling. (§ 42). " Arms for- ward bend and left (r.) foot backward — fallout! Arm-flinging — <5ne! Two! " . . .

7. Marching.

8. ^ str. wg. Foot gr.sitt.T.backw. flex. Forcomg.

?o8. compare XXII., 8. Left (r.) arm upward — stretch! 'runk backward — bend ! " . . .

If desks are not at hand and floor is not suitable, apply XXXIV., 8.

9. Yd. c Kn. St. T. rot. (§ 44). "Heels — lift! Kn^el! Arms sideways — stretch ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! " . . .

10. 3 steps' start forw. jump. " Three steps, left (r.)

foot forward jump — one, two'^three l^Four ! Five ! Six ! The same right (1.) foot — one, two^three I-^Four ! Five ! Six ! Com- pare XXXII., 10.

To be followed by 90' upw. jump. See XII., 10.

11. Str. wlk. h St. 2 Heel-elev. See XV. , 2 and § 31. 2.

12. Yd. c turn close st. 2 A. circ. For commencing, pos., see XIX., 9. Then " Arm-circumduction, respiration — start 1 . . . Stop ! "

Begin and end by H. sidew. flex, and H. flex, backw.

98

School Gymjiastics

XXXYI.

1. St. 2 A. elev. sidew. See v., ii.

2. Wg". wlk. a St. 2 Heel-elev. in series. " Hips — firm! Foot-placing sideways forward, heel-elevation, left (r.)

— one! Two! Three! Four! The same, right (1.)— one! . . , Four! or". . . left and right — start! . . . Stop!" Com- pare XIX., 2.

3. St. 2 A. ext. forw. and upw. in series (§ 40). "Arm-extension forward and upward — start! . . . Stop! Position!" (or". . . one! Two! Three! Four! Continue! . . . Stop!")

4. ^ str. wg-. turn stride st. arch flex. (§ 39). " Feet sideways place and hips — firm ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! Right (1.) arm upward — stretch ! Trunk backward — bend! Upward — stretch ! . . . Forward — turn ! Arms upward — stretch! Trunk forward downward — bend!" . . .

5. Yd. c cr. a \ st. pos. (§ 41). "Arms sideways — lift! Left (r.) knee upward — bend! Change feet — one! Two ! " . . .

6. Yd. c fallout St. 6 2 A. rot. (§ 42). " Hips— firm! Left (r.) foot backward — fallout ! Arms sideways— stretch ! Hand-turning — one! Twb ! " . . .

7. Marching.

8. ^ str. wg. F. gr. sitt. T. backw. flex. (§ 43). See XXXV., 8, or substitute XXXVII., 8.

9. i str. wg. turn st. T. sidew. fiex. (§ 44). " Hips — firm! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Right (1.) arm upward

— stretch!... Trunk to the left — bend! Upward — stretch!" Compare XXXII., 9.

10. Yd. c toe k St. quick jump forw. See XXXIV., 10.

Followed hy2 A. and L. fling upw. jump. See XXIV., 10.

11. Str. St. alt. toe-elev. See § 32. 6, and § 31. 3.

12. Yd. a turn stride st. 2 A. fling. (§ 46). "Feet sideways — place ! Arms forward — bend! Trunk to the left (r.)— turn! Arm-flinging (respiration) — <5ne ! Two! One I Two! " . . .

School Oymnastics 99

XXXYII.

1. Yd. a St. 2 A. flg. See III., 11.

2. Wg. wlk. h St. 2 Heel-elev. in series (§ 38). " Hips — firm ! Foot-placing forward, heel-elevation, left and right — start! . . , Stop!"

Compare XXXV., 2.

.3. Turn St. 2 A. ext. backw. (§ 40). Trunk to the left (r.; — turn! Arm-extension backward — one ! Two! One ! Tw6 ! " . . .

4. \ str. wg-. close st. arch flex. (§ 39). " Feet close and hips— firm! Left (r.) arm upward — stretch! Trunk backward — bend! Upward — stretch ! " . . . Repeat twice with each arm up; then "Arms upward — stretch! Trunk forward, downward — bend ! " . . .

5. Yd. c stride st. 2 Kn. flex. (§ 41). Commencing pos. : see VII., 2. Movement : see § 30. 15.

6. Wg. fallout St. & 2 A. swim (§ 42). Comg. pos. : see XX., 5. Movement : see XX., 6.

7. Marching".

8. Stoopfall. alt. L. elev. (§ 43) . Comg. pos. : see §34.7. Then ''Left (r.) leg — lift! Change feet — (5ne ! Two! . . . Position ! " The leg is lifted straight backward as high as possible. In mixed schools substitute XXXVIII., 8.

9. Rest close st. T. rot. (§ 44). ''Feet close and neck — firm! Trunk to the left (r.)— turn! Forward — turn! "...

10. 3 Steps' Start forw. jump. See XXXV., 10. Followed by 180" upw.jump. See XXX., 10.

11. Str. wlk. c St. 2 Heel-elev. XVI., 2, and § 31. 2.

12. St. 2 A. elev. sidew. and 2 Kn. flex. (§ 46). *' Arm-elevation (or lifting) sideways and knee-flexion (or bending) — one! Two! One! Two!" . . . 1 = The arms are raised into yd. c pos. while the knees bend to courtesy st.

OS. (the heels rising as the knees bend) ; inhalation occurs uring this motion. 2 = Fund. pos. is resumed while exhala- tion occurs.

100 School Gymnastics

XXXYIII.

1. Bend st. 2 A. ext. to Yd. d. See VII., 11.

2. Wg. wlk. d St. 2 Heel-elev. in series (§ 38).

** Hips — firm ! Foot-placing crosswise forward, heel-elevation

— start! . . . stop!" Compare XXXV., 2. For little folks substitute XXXVI., 2, and do the foot-placing backward.

3. St. 2 A. ext. backw. and upw. in series (§ 40).

Arm-extension backward and upward — start! . . . Stop!" (Or "... one! Two! Three! Fdur! Continue! ")

4. ^ str. wg. turn st. arch flex. (§ 39). *' Hips- firm ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! Right (1. ) arm upward — stretch! Trunk backward — bend! Upward — stretch!" . . . Repeat to the other side; then *' Forward — turn! Arms up- ward— stretch! Trunk forward downward — bend!" . . .

5. Yd. c stride courtesy st. H. rot. (§ 41). ** Feet

sideways place and arms sideways — stretch! Heels — lift! Knees — bend ! Head rotation (or turning), left and right — one ! Two ! 6ne ! Tw6 ! " . . .

6. Wff. fallout St. 5 2 A. ext. to i str. Yd. c (§ 42).

Comg. pos. see XX., 5. Movt. : see IX., 3.

7. Marching.

8. h str. h Kn. St. T. backw. flex. (§ 43). *'Hips —

firm ! On the left (r.) — kn6el ! " (§ 30. 21). Right (1.) arm upw.

— stretch ! Trunk backward — bend I Upward — stretch I " . . .

9. i str. wg". turn close st. T. sidew. flex. (§ 44). "Feet close and liips — firm! Trunk to the left (r.)— turn! Right (1.) arm upward — stretch ! To the left (r.) — bend ! " etc.

10. Wg". stride toe st. quick jump, feet strike (§45). *' Feet sideways place and hips — firm! Heels — lift! Quick jump, feet strike — one! Two! 6ne! Tw6! . . . Heels — sink I Position ! " Jump and strike the feet together and land in wg. stride toe st. pos. with slightly bent knees; and repeat continuously, each landing serving as the start for the next jump.

To be followed by Forw, jump. See XI., 9.

11. Str. St. alt. toe and Heel elev. § 32. 6, and § 31. 4.

12. Turn stride st. 2 A. elev. sidew. (§ 46). "Feet sideways — place! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Arms side- ways lift and breathe in — one ! Sink and breathe out — two I The same — one! Two! "...

School Gymnastics

101

XXXIX.

1. St. 2 A. elev. forw. upw. See XL, 11.

2. Yd. c stride st. 2 Heel-elev. in series. In the classroom, first : Right (1.) — face ! " — " Arm-extension sideways, foot-placing sideways and heel-elevation, left and right — one! Two! Three! Four! One! Two! Three! Four! ... (or Start! Stop!)" l = Bend st. pos.; 2=Yd. c stride st. pos. to the left (r.); 3 = Heels lift; 4 = Heels sink.

3. Turn close st. 2 A. ext. sidew., palms up (§40). ** Feet — close ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! Arm- extension sideways, palms up — one! Two! One! Tw6! " . . .

4. 1 str. wg. St. arch flex. (§ 39). *' Hips — firm! Left (r.) arm upward — stretch! Trunk backward — bend! Upward — stretch ! . . . Arms upward — stretch ! Trunk for- ward downward — bend!" . . .

5. Yd. c St. 2 Kn. flex, to sitt. pos. (§ 41). "Arms sideways — lift! Heels — lift! All the way down, knees — bend ! Knees — stretch ! Heels — sink ! The same — one ! . . . Four! "...

6. Wg. fallout St. 5 2 A. ext. upw. (§ 42). Comg. pos. : see XX., 5. Movt. : see II., 3.

7. Marching.

8. i str. wg. F. gr. ^ st. T. backw. flex. For wg. F. gr. \ St., see XXIV:, 8. Then "Right (1.) arm upward- stretch! Trunk backward — bend! Upward — stretch!" . . . (Fall; do not arch.)

In absence of desks apply XXXVIII,, 8.

9. Rest St. T. rot. (§ 44). " Neck — firm! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! "...

10. Porw. jump over marks (§ 45). Make two chalk marks on the floor about two feet apart; let the pupils jump over the lines to commands as in XI., 9.

To be followed by One step's start forw. jump. See XXVIII., 10.

11. str. wlk. d St. 2 Heel-elev. See XVII., 2, and § 31. 2.

12. Yd. a walking. 2 A. fling. (§ 46). " With arm forward flexion and sideways flinging, forward march — one! Two! Three! One! Two! Three! . . . Position!" 1 = Yd. a wlk. b st. pos. with the left (r.) foot ; 2 = the right (1.) foot takes a step forward; 3= the left (r.) foot takes a step forward, while the arms are flung into Yd. c pos. Inhalation occurs at 3, exhalation at 1.

102 School Gyinnastics

XL.

1. Yd. d St. 2 A. elev. See IX., 11.

2. Yd. c wlk. a St. 2 Heel-elev. in series. "Arm

extension sideways, foot-placing sideways forward and heel- elevation — one ! Two ! Three ! Four ! One ! Two ! Three ! Four! . . . (or start! . . . Stop!)" For execution, compare XXXIX., 2. For space, compare VIII., 2.

3. St. 2 A. ext. forw., sidew. and upw. in series

(§ 40). "Arm forward, sideways, and upward — stretch! (or One! Two! Three! Four! Five! Six!) Continue! . . . Position! "

4. i str. wg. turn close st. arch flex. (§ .39).

"Feet close and hips — firm! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Right (1.) arm upward — stretch! Trunk backward — bend! Upward — stretch ! " . . . followed by Str. stride st. T. forw, dowmo. fiex.

5. Bend courtesy sitt. 2 A. ext. sidew. (§ 41).

"Arms upward — bend! Heels — lift! All the way down knees — bend! Arm-extension sideways— one ! Two! 6ne! Two! . . . Position! "

6. Str. fallout St. 6 2 A. fling. (§ 42). ''Hips — ffrm! Left (r.) foot backward — fallout! Arms upward — stretch! Arms forward — sink!" (Reach pos.) "Upward — fling ! The same — one ! Two ! " . . .

7 Marching.

8. Wg. fall. Kn. St. T. rot. (§ 43). "Hips — firm! Kn6el! Trunk backward — bend! (See XVIII., 8.) To the left (r.) — turn! To the right (1.) — turn ! Forward — turn ! " . . .

9. Rest. Stride st. T. sidew. flex. (§ 44). "Feet sideways place and neck — firm ! Trunk to the left (r.) — bend! Upward — stretch!" . . .

10. Wg. Stride toe st. quick jump, feet strike.

See XXXVIII., 10.

Followed by Sidew. jump. See XVII., 10.

11. Wg. St. 2 Kn. flex. See XXVII., 2.

12. Bend turn stride st. 2 A. ext. to Yd. d (§ 46).

"Feet sideways — place ! Arms upward — bend! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Arm-extension sideways, palms up — one ! Two ! " . . . Inhale when the arms extend, exhale when they bend.

School Gymnastics 103

XLI.

1. St. 2 A. elev. sidew. upw. See xill., ii.

2. Yd. c wlk. h St. 2 Heel-elev. in ser. Arm- extension sideways, foot-placing forward and heel -elevation — one! Twd! Three! Four!" . . . Compare XXXIX., 2.

3. Turn wlk. a st. 2 A. ext. upw. (§ 40). In class- room, first ''Right (1.) oblique — face!" — Left (r.) foot side- ways forward — place! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Arm- extension upward— start ! . . . Stop! Position!

4. i str. wg. Stride sfc . arch flex. (§ 39). *' Feet sideways place and hips — firm! Left (r.) arm upward — stretch! Trunk backward — bend! Upward — stretch!" . . . Followed by Str. stride st. T. forw. downrd. flex.

6. Yd. ccr.a^ st. F. flex, and ext. (§ 41). Comg. pos. : see XXXVI., 5. Then "Foot flexion and extension — one ! Two! " ... See XI., 5.

6. Str. fallout St. 6 2 A. elev. (§ 42). Comg. pos. as XL., 6. Then "Arms sideways — sink ! " (Yd. d pos.) "Lift! The same — one! Two!" . . .

7. Marching.

8. Str. ly. excentric 2 L. elev. Comg. pos. as XXV., 8. Then *' Knees upward — bend!" (= cr. a pos. of both legs.) " Knees — stretch ! " (= Legs vertical.) "Legs — sink ! " (= The straight legs sink to the floor.) " The same — one ! Two ! Three ! " . . .

If the floor cannot be used, apply XXXI., 8.

9. Rest Stride st. T. rot. (§ 44). " Feet sideways place and neck — firm! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Forward — turn! "...

10. Forw. jump over marks. See XXXIX., 10. Followed by 2 steps' start forw. jump. See XXXIII., 10.

11. Wg. Wlk. h St. slow. 2 Kn. flex. See IV., 5.

12. Yd. d St. 2 A. elev. and 2 Kn. flex. (§ 46). ** Arms sideways — lift! Hands — turn! Arm-elevation (or lifting), knee-flexion {or bending) — one! Two! The same breathe in— one! Breathe out — two! " . . . The heels rise while the knees bend ; they sink while the knees stretch.

104 School Gymnastics

XLII.

1. St. 2 A. elev. sidew. and 2 Kn. flex. See

XXXVII., 12.

2. Yd. c wlk. c 2 Heel-elev. in series. "Feet — close! Arm-extension sideways, foot-placing forward and heel-elevation, left (r.) — one! Two! Thr6e! Four! . . . (or *' . . . left and right — start! . . . Stop!)" For execution see XXXIX., 2.

3. St. 2 A. ext.forw., sidew. andbackw. in series

(§ 40). "Arms forward, sideways and backward — stretch! . . . Continue ! Position ! "

4. Rest wlk. h St. arch flex. (§ 39). Commenc. pos. : see § 32. 3, and § 30. 6. " Trunk backward — bend ! Up- ward — stretch ! . . . Arms upward — stretch ! Trunk for- ward downward — bend ! Upward — stretch ! Neck — firm I Change feet — 6ne! Two!" etc.

5. Yd. a courtesy sitt. 2. A. fling. (,§ 41). ''Arms

forward — bend! Heels — lift! All, the way down, knees — bend! Arm-flinging — one ! Two! One! Two! . . . Posi- tion! "

6. Reach fallout st. 6 2 A. fling. (§ 42). "Hips — firm! Left (r.) foot backward (forw.) — fall<3ut! Arms for- ward — stretch ! Arm-flinging upward — <5ne ! Two ! " . . . Compare XL., 6.

7. Marching.

8. Wg. fall, foot gr. sitt. T. rot. (§ 13). For com- menc. pos. see XXIL, 8. (§ 34. 3, and Fig. 13.) " Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Forward — turn! . . . Trunk upward — stretch ! Position ! "

9. Rest St. T. sidew. flex. (§ 44). "Neck — firm! Trunk to the left (r.) — bend ! Upward — stretch ! "

10. Wg. Wlk. toe St. jump. (§45). "Hips— firm! Left (r.) foot crosswise forward — place! Heels — lift! Jump and change feet — one! Two! One! Two!" . . . Compare Wg. wlk. b. toe St. jump. (XVIII., 10), which is used as sub- stitute if space forbids the use of the first one.

To be followed by 2 steps' start forw. jump. See XXXIII., 10.

11. Wg. Stride st. slow 2 Kn. flex. See XXVIIL, 2.

12. Yd. d turn stride st. 2 A. elev. (§ 46). " Feet sideways place and arms sideways — stretch! (See VII., 2.) Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! Hands — tiirn ! Arms — lift ! Sink I The same, breathe in — one! Breathe out — two!" ...

School Gymnastics

105

XLIII.

1. Yd. d St. 2 A. elev. See IX., 11.

2. Yd. c wlk. d St. 2 Heel-elev. in ser. (§ 38) . ** Arm- extension sideways, foot -placing crosswise forward and heel- elevation — one! Two! Three! Four!'* . . . For execution see XXXIX., 2, which may be used as substitute for little folks.

3. Turn stride st. 2 A. ext. backw. (§ 40). ** Feet sideways — pUce ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Arm- extension backward — start! . . . Stop! "

4. Rest wlk. c St. arch. flex. (§ 39). Comg. pos. see § 30. 7 and § 32. 3. Movt. : § 34. 2 and § 35. 3.

5. Yd. c courtesy sitt. H. rot. (§ 41). Pos.: see XXXIX., 5. Movt. : see Xll., 6.

6. Yd. d fallout St. b 2. A. elev. (§ 42). Pos. XXXVI., 6. " Hands — turn ! Arms — lift ! Sink ! The same — one ! Two! "...

7. Marching.

8. Stoopfall. P. placing (§ 43). See XXXII., 8.

9. Rest wlk. a St. T. rot. (§44). <*Left (r.) foot side- ways forward place, and neck — firm! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! " .... Compare IV., 2 and VII., 8.

10. Sidew. jump, over marks. Make two marks on floor. Pupil stands with his right (1.) side turned towards them. ** To the right (1.) jump — <5ne! . . . Five!" . . . Com- pare XVI., 9 and XXXIX., 10.

To be followed by 3 steps^ start forw. jump. *' Three steps, left (r.) foot, forward jump — one ^ two ^ three I ! Four I Five ! Six ! " Compare XLI., 10.

11. Wg. fallout St. a Heel-elev. (Page 54). " Hips — firm! Left (r.) foot sideways forward — fallout! Heel- elevation — (5ne! Two! One! Two!" . . . 1 = The heel of the advanced foot is raised, this knee bending a little more. 2 = The heel is lowered. Compare XVII., 5.

12. Turn stride st. 2. A elev. forw. upw. (§ 46). '* Feet sideways — place ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! Arms forward upward — lift! Sideways, downward — sink ! The same, breathe in — one 1 Breathe out — two ! "

106

School Gymnastics

XLIV.

1. Yd. c St. 2 A. circ. See XV., 11.

2. Rest stride st. 2 Heel-elev. in ser. (§ 38). In the

classroom first "Right (1.) — face!" "Neck — firm! Foot- placing sideways, heel-elevation left and right — (5ne ! Two ! Three I Four ! " . . . 1 = left (r.) foot sideways place. 2 = heels lift. 3 = heels sink! 4 = left (r.) foot resumes fund, pos.

3. St. 2 A. ext. forw., backw. and upw. in ser.

(§ 40). "Arms forward, backward and upward stretch — start! . . . Stop! Position!"

4. Rest turn wlk. a st. arch flex. (§ 39). Pos. = XLIII.,9. Movt. = § 34. 2 and § 35. 3.

5. Yd. c stride st. 2 Kn. flex, to sitt. (§ 41). Com. pos. = VII., 2. Movt. = XIV., 5.

6. Wg. fallout St. 6 2 A. ext. to Yd. d (§ 42). Com. pos. ^ XX., 5. Movt. = VII., 11.

7. Marching".

8. Wg. fall h Kn. St. T. rot. (§ 43). "Hips— firm! On the left (r.) — kneel. Trunk backward — bend! (§ 34. 3). Trunk to the right (1.) — turn! Forward — turn!" . . . Ro- tate to the side of the forv/ard foot.

9. Rest close st. T. sidew. flex. (§44). "Feet close and neck — firm! Trunk to the left (r.) — bend! Upward — stretch ! " . . .

10. Wg". wlk d toe St. quick jump. See XLII., 10.

Followed by A. fig. upw. jump. See XXI., 10.

11. Wg. fallout St. c Heel-elev. (Page 54). Com. poR.;§ 30. 12. " Heel-elevation — 6ne! Two!" . . . See XLIII., 11.

12. Turn stride st. 2 A. elev. sidew. upw. (§ 46). Com. pos. XLiil., 12. "Arms sideways upward — lift! Sideways downward — sink! The same, breathe in — onel Breathe out — two! "...

School Gymnastics 107

XLY.

1. St. 2 A. elev. sidew. and 2 Heel-elev. See XVIII., 12.

2. Rest wlk. h St. 2 Heel-elev. in ser. See XLIV.,

2. "Foot-placing forward, heel-elevation — 6ne ! . . . Four! "...

3. Turn wlk. a st. 2 A. ext. sidew. (§ 40). Com. pos, : See VII., 8. ** Arm-extension sideways — start ! . . . Stop! Position ! "

4. Rest turn stride st. arch flex. (§ 39). Com. pos. : See XLI., 9. Movt. = § 34. 2 and § 35. 3.

5. Yd. c cr. a i st. Kn. ext. backw. (§ 41) § 32. 9 and XIII., 5.

6. \ str. yd. d fallout st. 6 2 A. elev. (§ 42). " Hips — firm. Left (r.) foot backward (forw ) — fallout! Left (r.) arm upward, right (1.) arm sideways — stretch! Right (1.) hand — turn! Arm-elevation — one ! Two!" . . . 1 = Right (1.) arm rises to str. pos., while the left (r.) one is lowered into Yd. d pos. 2 = The reverse. — The arms are at right angles to each other throughout the movement.

7. Marching".

8. Rest ly. slight 2 L. elev. (§ 43). Com. pos. = XIX.,

8. " Slightly, legs — lift ! Sink ! The same — one ! Two ! " . . . In case the floor cannot be used apply XXXVII., 8.

9. Rest. wlk. a st. rev. T. rot. (§ 44). Movt. as in XIII., 8.

10. Sidew. jump, over marks. See XLIII., 10. Followed by 90° wpw. jump. See XII., 10.

11. Wg. St. slow. 2 Kn. flex, to sitt. Compare XL., 11 and X., 5.

12. Yd. a St. 2 A. flg. and \ step forw. (§ 46). *'Arms forward — bend! Arm-flinging, half step forward — 6ne! Two! Three! Four!" Executed as XXV., 12, except that the weight of the body is brought over to the advanced foot and the backward heel is raised from the ground. Arch the body as the foot advances and the arms fling sideways.

108

School Gymnastics

XLYI.

1. Yd. d St. 2 A. elev. and 2 Kn. flex. See XLI., 12.

2. Rest. wlk. a St. 2 Heel-elev. in series. Com- pare XLI v., 2 ** Foot-placing sideways forward, heel-eleva- tion — 6ne ! . . . Four ! " . . .

For schoolroom compare XIX., 2.

3. Turn wlk. h st. 2 A. ext. upw. (§ 40). Com. pes. IX., 8. *' Arm-extension upward — start! . . . Stop!" . . .

4. Rest close st. arch flex. (§ 39). '* Feet close and neck — firm ! " Movt. as § 34. 2 and § 36. 3.

5. Yd. c stride courtesy, sitt. H. rot. (§ 41). ** Feet

sideways place and arms sideways — stretch! Heels — lift! Knees — bend! Sit! Head-rotation left and risrht — <Jne! Two!" ...

6. Yd. h fallout St. 6 2 A. fig. (§ 42). Com. pos. XX., 5. " Arms half-forward — bend! (§32.8). Arm-flinging up- ward — 6ne ! ( Yd. e) Two ! ( Yd. b) ! One ! Two ! " . . .

7. Marching.

8. Wg. fall. F. gr. h St. T. rot. (§ 4.3). Com. pes.:

XXIV., 8. " Backward — bend! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn!" . . . Rotate to the side of the elevated leg. — In absence of desks substitute XLIV., 8.

9. Rest. Wlk. h St. T. sidew. flex. (§ 44). *'Left (r.) foot forward place and neck — firm! To the left (r,) — bend!" . . . Compare X., 8.

10. Twice upw. jump. "Twice upward jump — 6ne! Two! Thr^e! Four! Five! Six!" 1 = toe st.; 2 = cour- tesy St.; 3 = jump and land and use this kn. flex, as start for 4 ; 4 = jump and land in usual form ; 6 = toe st. ; 6= fund, pos.

To be followed by 1 Step^s start forw. jump. See XXVIII., 10.

11. Wg. stride St. slow 2 Kn. flex, to sitt. See XXVIII., 2.

12. Yd. a turn wlk. a st. 2 A. fig. (§46). **Left (r.)

foot sideways forward — pl^ce ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Arms forward — bend I Arm-flinging — <5ne ! Twol One! Two! "...

School Gymnastics

109

XLYII.

1. Yd. a turn close st. 2 A. flg. See XXVII., 12.

2. Rest wlk. c St. 2. Heel-elev. in ser. Compare XLIV., 2. "Feet close and neck — firm! Foot-placing for ward, heel-elevation" — etc.

3. St. 2 A. ext. sidew., backw. and upw. in ser. (§ 40). '* Arm-extension sideways, backward and upward — start! . . . Stop!" . . .

4. Rest turn st. arch flex. (§ 39). " Neck— firm ! Trunk to the left ( r. ) — turn ! Backward — bend ! Upward — stretch ! . . . Forward-— turn! Arms upward — stretch I Trunk for- ward downward — bend!" . . .

5. Rest St. L. elev. sidew. (§ 41). § 32. 3 and § 31. 6.

6. Yd. c fallout. St. c 2 A. circ (§ 42). "Feet close and hips — firm ! Left (r.) foot forward — falldut ! Arms sideways — stretch ! Arm-circumduction (§ 33. 4) — start! Stop! "...

7. Marching.

8. Rest Kn. St. T. backw. flex. C§ 43) . Kn6el! Neck — firm! Trunk backward— bend ! {Fall from the knees.) Upward — stretch ! " . . .

9. Rest wlk. h St. T. rot. (§ 44). " Left (r.) foot for- ward place and neck — firm! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! " ... To the side of the advanced foot.

10. 1 step forw. jump over marks. Two marks on the floor. Pupil stands one step away and facing the marks. " Left (r.) foot forward, jump — one twd ! Three ! Four ! " Compare XXVIII., 10.

Followed by Twice upw, jump. See XL VI., 10.

11. Wg. wlk. a St. slow 2 Kn. flex. See XXV., 6.

12. Yd. d turn stride st. 2 A. elev. (§ 46). Com. pos. : See XXIII., 9. *' Arms lift, breathe in — one! Sink, breathe out — two! The same — one! Two!" . . .

110

School Gymnastics

XLYIII.

1. Yd. d turn close st. 2 A. elev. See XXIX., 12.

2. Rest wlk. d St. 2 Heel-elev. in ser. Compare XLIV. 2. " Foot-placing crosswise forward, heel-elevation — 6ne! . . . Four! ". . .

3. Turn wlk. a st. 2 A ext. backw. (§ 40). Com. pos.: See VII., 8. " Arm-extension backward — start ! . . . Stop!" . . .

4. Rest St. arcb flex. (§39). "Neck — firm! Trunk backward — bend ! Upward — stretch ! . . . Forward— bend ! Upward — stretch ! Arms upward — stretch ! Trunk forward downward — bend!" . . .

5. Yd. c toe St. 2 Kn. flex, to sitt. (§ 41). "Arms sideways — lift ! Heels — lift ! Knee-flexion all the way down — one! Two! One! Two!" . . . 1 = Yd. c courtesy sitt. 2 =Yd. c toe st.

6. Yd. a fallout st. c 2 A. flg. (§ 42). Com. pos. : See XXI., 5. '< Arms forward — bend ! Arm-flinging — one ! Two ! . . . One! The same, change feet — one ! Twd! Arm-fling- ing—One! Two! "...

7. Marching.

8. Rest F. gr. sitt. T. backw. flex. (§ 43). Com. pos. : See XXII., 8. " Keck — firm ! Trunk backward — bend ! Upward— stretch!" . . .

In absence of desks apply XLVII., 8.

9. Rest wlk. c St. T. sidew. flex. (§ 44). " Feet close and neck — firm ! " etc. Compare XII., 9. Bend to the side of the advanced foot.

10. 1 step's start forw. jump over marks. See XLVII., 10.

Twice forw. jump. Twice forward jump — (5ne! Two! Thr^e ! Fdur ! — Five, six ! " Compare XL VI., 10 and XI. , 9.

11. Wg. Wlk. d St. slow 2 Kn. flex. See XXVI., 5.

12. Turn wlk. a st. 2 A. elev. sidew. (§ 46). Com. pos. : VII., 8. " Arms sideways — lift! Sink I'*...

School Gymnastics

111

XLIX.

1. Yd. a St. 2 A. flg. and h step forw. See XLV., 12.

2. Str. stride st. 2 Heel-elev. in series. " Arm- extension upward, foot-placing sideways and heel-elevation

— one ! Two ! Three ! Four ! " For execution see XXXIX. , 2.

3. St. 2. A. ext. forw., upw. and backw. in series (§ 40). " Arm-extension forward, upward, and back- ward— start! — Stop! Position!"

4. Rest turn close st. arch flex. (§ 39). " Feet close and neck — tirm! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Backward

— bend! Upward — stretch ! . . . Forward — bend ! Up- ward—stretch! " followed by Str. close st. T. forw. downw. jiex.

5. Yd. c cr. a \ st. Kn. ext. forw. (§ 41). " Arms sideways — lift! Left (r.) knee upward — bend ! " etc. See XXll., 5.

6. Yd. c fallout St. c 2 A. rot. (§ 42). § 30. 12 and com- pare XXX VI., 6.

7. Marching.

8. Rest \ Kn. St. T. backw. flex. (§ 43). On the left (r.) — kneel ! Neck — firm ! " etc. See XX III., 8.

9. Rest wlk. c St. T. rot.. (§ 44). Compare XI., 8.

10. 2 steps' forw. jump over mark. See XL VII., 10, andXXXm., 10.

Followed by twice forw. jump. See XLVIII., 10.

11. Wg. wlk. b St. slow 2 Kn. flex, in ser. See XXI., 2.

12. Bend, turn, wlk. a st. 2 A. ext. to Yd. d (§ 46). (Compare IV., 2 and VII., 8.) "Left (r.) foot sideways for- ward place and arms upward — bend ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! Arm-extension sideways, palms up, breathe in — one I breathe out. Two! One! Two!"... Compare VII., 11.

112 School Gymnastics

L.

1. Yd. d turn st. 2 A. elev. See XXX., 12.

2. Str. wlk. a St. 2 Heel-elev. in series. For com-

mand and execution compare XL., 2.

3. Turn wlk. h. st. 2 A. ext. upw. (§ 40). ** Left (r.) foot forward — place ! Trunk to the left (r.) —turn ! (See IX., 8.) Arm-extension upward — start! . . .Stop! Position!"

4. Rest Stride St. arch fiex. (§ 39). "Feet sideways place and neck — firm! Trunk backward (forw.) — bend ! Upward — stretch! . . . Arms upward — stretch! Trunk for- ward downward — bend!" . . .

5. Yd. c. wlk. a st. 2 Kn. flex. (§ 41). For execution compare VIII., 2 and XXV., 5.

6. Wg. fallout St. c. 2 A. swim (§ 42). § 30. 12 and § 33. 5.

7. Marching.

8. Rest F. gr. h St. T. backw. flex. (§ 43). Com. pos..-

see XXIV. ,8. "Neck — firm ! Trunk backward — bend ! Up- ward—stretch! " . . . In absence of chairs apply XLIX., 8«

9. Rest turn stride st.T. sidew. flex. (§ 44). Com- pare XIV., 8.

10. 90° twice upw. jump. Turning 90° to the left (r.) and back again to the right (1.), twice upward jump — One! Two! Three! Four! Five! Six! " Thelanding at Thr^e! " is used as start for " Four ! " Compare XII,, 10.

Followed by 3 steps^ start forw. jump. See XXXV., 10.

11. Wg. wlk. a St. slow 2 Kn. flex, in series. See XXV., 5. '* Foot-placing sideways forward, heel-elevation and knee-flexion — One! . . . Six!

12. Yd. d turn wlk. a st. 2 A. circ. (§ 46). Com. pos. : XLVIII.,12. *• Arm-circumduction- start! . . . St6p! Posi- tion!"

School Gymnastics 113

LI.

1. Introductions (see § 38) at the teachers' option and chosen among the previous tables, preference given to move- ments as different as possible from those of this table, and all jumping, arch flexions, and abdominal exercises eliminated.

2. Str. wlk. h St. 2 Heel-elev. in ser. (§ 38). Com pare L., 2, and XLI., 2.

3. Bend arch turn wlk. a st. 2 A. ext. sidew. (§ 39). '* Left (r.) foot sideways forward place and arms upward — bendl Trunk to the left (r.)— turn! Backward — bend ! Arm-extension sideways — (5ne ! Two! . . . Trunk upward — stretch I " . . . Followed by Str, stride st, T. forw. downw. flex,

4. Stoopfall pos. (desks) (§ 40) . " About — face ! Hands against ed^e of desks — place ! Feet backward place — one ! Two! (Position!) " The body a straight line from head to heels.

In absence of desks apply :

St, 2 A. ext, sidew,, backw. and upw, in ser. Compare XL VII., 8.

5. Yd. c. toe stride st. 2 Kn. flex, to sitt. (§ 41). Com. pos. : VII., 2. " Heels — lift I Knee-flexion, all the way down ^one! Two! One! Tw(3!"... Compare XLVIII., 5.

6. Wg. fallout St. c 2 A. ext. to h str. yd. (§ 42). Compare XXXVIII., 6.

7. Marching.

8. Stoopfall alt. L. elev. See XXXVII., 8.

9. Rest wlk. c St. rev. T. rot. (§ 44). Compare XXXIII., 9.

10. 3 steps' forw. jump, over marks. Compare XLVIII., 10. ** Three steps, jump from left (r.) foot — start 1 Four ! Five I Six ! "

Followed by 90'* Twice upw. jump. See L., 10.

11. Wg. heel sup. wlk. b st. T. forw. flex, (page 54], " Hips — firm! Left (r.) foot, heel supporting forward place! (§30.10). Trunk forward — bend ! Upward — stretch ! " , . .

12. Turn wlk. a st. 2 A. elev. forw. upw. (§ 46). Com. pos. : VII. , 8. " Arms forward upward — lift ! Sideways downward— sink! The same — one! Twol" . . •

114 School Gymnastics

LII.

1. Introductions. See LI., l.

2. Str. wlk. c St. 2 Heel-elev. in series. *<Feet —

close ! Arm-extension upward, foot-placing forward and heel- elevation — one ! . . . Four!" . . . Compare XLIX., 2.

3. Str. wlk. h St. arch flex. (§ 39). Com. pes. XV. 2;

Movt. ; § 34. 2 and 35. 3.

4. Stoopfall pos. (desks). See LI., 4. In absence of desks apply :

Turn close st. 2 A. ext. sidew, and upw. "Feet — close! Trunk to the left (r.)— turn! Arm-extension sideways and upward — start!" . . .

5. Bend toe st. 2 A. ext. sidew. and 2 Kn. flex.

(§41). "Arms upward — bend! Heels — lift! Arm-exten- sion sideways, knee-flexion — one! Two! One! Two!"... 1 = yd. c courtesy st. 2 = Bend toe st.

6. Str. fallout St. c 2. A. ext. upw. (§ 42). Compare XXXIX., 6.

7. Marching.

8. Str. ly. Slight 2 L. elev. (§ 43). Compare XLV., 8. If the floor cannot be used, substitute XL VII., 8.

9. Rest turn wlk. a st. T. sidew. flex. (§44). Com. pos. and movt. : Compare XVI., 8.

10. Twice sidew. jump. a. In classroom first Right (1.) — face !"—" Twice to the left (r.) jump — one! Two! Three ! Four ! Five ! Six ! " Compare XLIII., 10 and XVI., 9.

Followed by 3 steps forw.jump over marks. See LI., 10. (If a rope or stick is handy, use it for jumping height.)

11. Wg. wlk. d St. 2 Kn. flex, in series. "Hips — firm ! Foot-placing crosswise forward, heel-elevation and knee- flexion — one! Tw6! Three! . . . 8ix!" Compare XXVI., 5 and XXIII.,2.

12. Turn wlk. a st. 2 A. elev. sidew. upw. (§ 46). Com. pos.: XLV^III., 12. *' Arm-elevation sideways upward, respiration — one ! Two!" . . . Compare XIII., 11.

School Gymnastics 116

LIII.

1. See LI., 1.

2. Str. wlk. d St. 2 Heel-elev. ser. Compare XLIII.,

2.

3. Bend arcli. wlk. h st. 2 A. ext. sidew. (§ 39) *' Left (r.) foot forward place and arms upward — bend ! Trunk back- ward—bend! Arm-extension sideways — one! Two! . . . Frunk upward — stretch ! Arms upward — stretch ! Trunk forward downward — bend ! " . . .

4. Fallhang pos. (§ 40) (Fig. 15). About face! Hands on desks — place! Heels — lift! Sit! Feet forward — place! Position— one! Two! " (= Reach gr. courtesy sitt. pos.).

In absence of desks apply) :

Turn close st. 2 A. ext. hackw. omd upw. Feet — close! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Arm-extension backward and upward — start! "...

5. Yd. c cr. a ^ st. Kn. abd. (§ 41). " Arms sideways — lift ! — Left (r.) knee upward — bend ! Knee-abduction — one! Two!" . . . (XXVII., 5.)

6. Str. fallout St. c 2 A. flg. (§ 42). Compare XL., 6.

7. Marching.

8. Str. F. gr. sitt. T. backw. flex. Compare XXII., S. Or substitute LIV., 8.

9. Rest Kn. St. T. rot. (§ 44). Kneel! Neck — firm! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! Forward — turn ! " . . .

10. 1 step 90° forw. jump over marks. Executed as XLVIL, 10, but you turn to the side of the foot which springs you from the ground.

Followed by Twice sidew. jump a. See LII., 10.

11. Wg.toe sup. wlk. b St. Kn. flex, (page 54). Com. pos. :§ 30. 9. Knee — bend! Stretch!" . . . The forward knee is bent until the backward heel touches the ground; trunk erect.

12. Yd. c turn wlk. a st. 2 A, circ. (§ 46). Com. pos. : See XXVI., 9. " Arm-circumduction, respiration — start! — St(5p! Position I"

116 School Gymnastics

JAY.

1. See LI., 1.

2. Wg. fallout St. a pos. See XVII., 5.

3. Str. wlk. c St. arch flex. (§ 39). Compare LII., 3.

4. Fallhang pos. See LIII., 3.

In absence of desks apply,

Turn close st. 2 A. ext. sidew. and backw. Compare LIII., 4..

5. Yd. c wlk. d St. 2 Kn. flex. (§ 41). Com. pos. : XII.,

3. Movt. : XXVI., 5.

6. Str. fallout St. c 2 A. elev. (§ 42). Compare XLI., 6.

7. Marching.

8. Str. Kn. St. T. backw. flex. (§ 43). " Kn^el! Arms upward — stretch ! Trunk backward — bend! " . . . (Fall from the knees; do not arch the spine.)

9. Rest turn St. T. sidew. flex. (§44). "Neck — firm! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! To the left (r.) — bend!" . . . Compare XVIIL, 9.

10. Twice sidew. jump b. "To the left (r.) and right (1.) jump— one! . . . Six!" At "three!" jump to the left (r.) and as you land jump immediately back again to the right (1.), the command " Four! " corresponding to the second jump.

Followed by 1 step 90° jump over mark. See LIII., 10.

11. Yd. c St. slow 2 Kn. flex. See XXVIII., 5.

12. Yd. a turn wlk. b st. 2 A. flg. (§ 46). " Left (r.) foot forward" place and arms forward — bend ! Trunk to the left (r.)— turn! Arm-flinging, respiration — <5ne ! Two!" . . .

School Gymnastics

117

LV.

1. Introductions. See LI.

2. W^. stride st.2 Kn. flex, in ser. " Hips — firm! Foot-placing sideways, heel-elevation, knee-flexion, left (r.) — one! . . . Six! Right (1.) — one! . . . Six! (or . . . left and right — start! Stop!)"

3. Bend arch. wlk. c st. 2 A. ext. sidew (§ .39). "Feet — cl6se! Left (r.) foot forward — place ! Arm upward

— bend! Trunk backward — bend ! Arm-extension sideways

— one ! Two! "...

Followed by str. wlk. c St. forw. down. flex.

4. Stoopfall H. rot. (desks) (§ 40). Command first as in LI. 4; then " Head rotation left and right — one! Two! . . .

In absence of desks apply :

Turn close st. 2 A. ext. forw. sidew. and upw. ** Feet — close ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! Arm-extension forward, sideways and upward — one ! Two ! One I Two ! . . . (or One! ... Six! or Start! Stop!) »

6. Wg". hor. ^ St. pos. (§ 41). For command see § 30. 13.

6. Reach fallout st. c 2 A. flg. (§ 42). For command compare XLIL, 6.

7. Marching.

8. str. h Kn. St. T. backw. flex. (§ 43). ** On the left (r.) — kneel! Arms upward — stretch ! Trunk backward — bend! '* etc. (Do not arch.)

9. Str. St. T. rot. (§ 44). "Arms upward — stretch ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Forward — turn ! *' . . .

10. 2 steps, 90° jump over mark (§ 45). Com- pare LIII., 10. Turn to the side of the foot which springs you from the ground.

To be followed by Twice sidew. jump, b. See LIV., 10.

11. Yd. c wlk. b St. slow 2 Kn. flex. See XXXI., 5.

12. Turn wlk. b st. 2 A. elev. sidew. (§ 46). Left (r.) foot forward — place ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! (To the side of the advanced foot.) Arms sideways lift, breathe in

— one! Sink and breathe out— two! The same — one! Two!'* . . .

End by Close st 2 Heel-elev.

118 School Gymnastics

LYL

1. Introd. See LI.

2. Wg. fallout St. a pos. backw. See XVIII., 6.

3. Str. close St. arch flex. (§ 39). «• Feet close and arms upward stretch — one ! Two ! Trunk backward — bend ! Upward — stretch ! , . . Forward downward — bend! Up- ward — stretch! "...

4. Stoopfall H. rot. (desks). See LV. 4. In absence of desks apply, —

Turn St. 2 A. ext. foriv. and backw. '* Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Arm-extension sideways and backward — stdrt ! Stop!" . . .

5. Reach courtesy sitt. L. ext. forw. (§ 41). " Hips

— firm! Heels — lift! All the way down, knees — bend! Arms forward — lift! Left (r.) leg forward — stretch ! (cr. bpos.) Change feet — one! Two!" . . .

6. Yd. d fallout St. c 2 A. elev. (§ 42). Compare XLm.,6.

7. Marching.

8. Str. F. gr. i St. T. backw. flex. (§ 43). Compare XXIV., 8.

In absence of desks apply LV., 8.

9. Rest turn close st. T. sidew. flex. (§ 44). "Feet dose aTid neck — firm ! Trunk to the left turn ! Trunk to the left (r.) — b'ond ! Upward — stretch I " . . .

10. 360° upw. jump. "Turning 360° to the left (r.) up- ward jump — one! . . . Five I " For execution see XXXI., 10, which'is used as substitute in the schoolroom.

To be followed by 2 steps, 90° jump over mark. See LV., 10. «

11. Yd. c stride st. slow. 2 Kn. flex. See XXX VII., 5.

12. Bend turn wlk. b st. 2 A. ext. to Yd. d (§ 46). "Left (r.) foot forward — place ! Arms upward bend ! Trunk to the left (r.) - turn ! " For movt. see XL., 12.

End by some movement for correction of base and general equi- librium.

School Gymnastics 119

LYII.

1. Introd. See LI.

2. Wg". wlk. h St. 2 Kn. flex, in ser. Compare LV., 2. Foot-placing forward, heel-elevation" . . . etc.

3. Bend arch turn stride st. 2 A. ext. sidew. (§39). Feet sideways and arms upward bend — one! Two! Trunk to the left (r.) turn! Backward — bend!" = . . etc. as in LV.,3. End by Str. stride st. T.forw, downw. flex.

4. Pallhan^ H. rot. (§ 40) . Command first as in LIII., 4; then " Head rotation — one! Two!" . . .

In absence of desks apply :

Turn close st 2 A. ext. forw., bacJcw. andupw. Compare LV., 3.

5. Yd. c toe St. alt. Kn. upw. flex. (§ 41). Compare XXIX.,5.

6. Wg. fallout St. c 2 A. ext. to Yd. d (§ 42). Com- pare XLIV., 6.

7. Marching.

8. Rest ly. 2 L. elev. to 90° (§ 43). For com. pos. see XYII., 8, then: To vertical, legs — lift! Sink!" . . .

If the floor cannot be used apply LVIII., 8.

9. Str. close st. T. rot. (§ 44). " Feet close and arras upward — stretch ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! Forward — turn! "...

If the floor can be utilized apply also —

Wg. side/all pos. (§ 34. 11). Side -falling on the left (r.)hand — one! Two! Three! Change hands — one! Two!" . . . 1 = stoopfall pos. : 2 = sidefall. on the other hand.

10. 3 steps, 90° jump over mark. Compare LV., 10 and LI., 10.

Followed by Twice upw. jump. See XLVL, 10.

11. Yd. c St. Slow 2 Kn. flex, to sitt. See XXXIX., 5.

12. Yd. d turn wlk. ^> 2 A. elev. (§ 46). Compare XLII., 12.

£ud as in LVX.

120

School Gymnastics

LVIII.

1. Introd. See LI.

2. Yd. c turn wlk. a st. pos. " Left (r.) foot sideways forward, to the left (r.) and arms sideways stretch — one! Two! Arm-extension, change feet and sides —one! Tw6! The same — <5ne! Two!" . . . 1 = Bend st. pos. 2 = yd. c turn wlk. a, taken simultaneously by arms, trunk, and legs.

3. Str. St. arch flex. (§ 39). *' Arms upward — stretch ! Trunk backward — bend ! Upward — stretch ! . . , Forward, downward — bend! Upward — stretch ! " . . .

4. Fallhang H. rot. SeeLVIL,3.

In absence of desks apply :

St. slow 2 A.ext upw. See XXXI., 3.

5. Str. St. 2 Kn. flex. (§41). "Arms upward — stretch!

Heels — lift! Knees — bend!" . . . etc.

6. \ str. yd. d fallout st. c 2 A. elev. (§ 42). Compare XLV.,6.

7. Marching.

8. Bend fall Kn. st. 2 A. ext. sidew. (§43). «' Kneel! Arms upward — bend! Trunk backward — bend ! (Fall, do not arch.) Arm-extension sideways — <5ne ! Two!" . . .

9. Str. stride st. T. sidew. flex. (§ 44). "Feet side- ways, and arms upward — stretch! (See XIII., 2.) Trunk to the left (r.) — bend! Upward — stretch ! . . .

10. 2 A. flg. twice upw. jump. " Arms flung sideways twice upward jump — one! . . . Six! " Compare XX., 10, and XL VI., 10.

Followed by 1 stepforw. jump. See XXVIII., 10.

11. Yd. c fallout St. a Heel-elev. First command as XVII., 6. Then "Arms sideways — stretch ! Heel-elevation — one! Two!" . . . Compare XLIII., 11.

12. Turn wlk. h st. 2 A. elev. forw. upw. (§ 46), Compare XLIII., 12.

End as in LVI.

School Gymnastics 121

LIX

1. Introd. See LI.

2. Wg. fallout St. d pos. See XXIV., 6.

3. Bend arch close st. 2 A. ext. sidew. (§ 39). *' Feet

— close! Arms upward — bend! Trunk backward — bend ! Arm-extension sideways — (3ne! Two!" . . . etc. Compare LV.,3.

4. Bal. hang. pos. (§40). (Fig. 16). " Hands on desks

— place ! Feet backward — lift ! Position ! The same — one ! Two!"

In absence of desks apply :

Turn St. 2 A. ext. sidew. and upw. Compare LVI., 4.

5. Str. wlk. h St. 2 Kn. flex. (§ 41). Com. pos. = XV. 2f movt. = IV., 5.

6. Yd. b fallout St. c 2 A. flg. (§ 42). Compare XLVI., 6,

7. Marching.

8. Bend fall F. gr. sitt. 2 A. ext. sidew. (§ 4.3). F. gr. sitt. as Fig, 13. **Arms upward — bend ! " etc., as in

/LVIII.,8.

In absence of desks apply LVIII., 8.

9. Str. stride st. T. rot. (§ 44). Com. pos. = XIII., 2. Movt. = § 34. 6.

Followed by Wg. side/all L. elev. (See LVII., 9.) " Side- falling on the left (r.) hand — one ! Tw6 ! Three ! Leg-eleva- vation — one! Two! One! Two!" . . . (The upper leg is raised fuUy extended.) "Change hands— one! Two!" . . . etc.

10. Prep, to jump. "Prepare to jump — start! The same — start! "...

Followed by 2 A. flg. twice upw jump. See LVIII., 10.

11. Yd. c wlk. a St. slow 2 Kn. flex. See L., 5.

12. Turn wlk. h st. 2 A. circ. (§ 46), " Left (r.) foot for- ward — place ! Trunk to thf left (r.) — turn ! Arms sideways

— lift! Arm-circumductioxi, respiration— start! Stdp!" . . . End as in LVI.

122

School Gymnastics

LX.

1. Introd. See LI.

2. Wff. wlk. a St. 2 Kn. flex. In series. Compare LVII., 2.

3. Str. stride st. arch flex. (§39). Com. pos. : XIII., 2. Movt. as LVIIl.,3.

4. Bal. hang pos. See LIX., 4.

In absence of desks apply :

Turn close 2 A. ext. forw.y sidew.yhackw.^ and upw. Com- pare LV., 4.

5. Str. courtesy st. 2 A. ext. upw. (§ 41). " Arms up- ward—stretch! Heels — lift! Knees — bend! Arm-exten- sion upward — one! Tw6! One! Two! . . . Knees — stretch! Heels — sink! Position!"

6. Yd. c fallout St. d. 2 A. circ. (§ 42). First fallout d as in XXIV., 5. Then movt. as § 33. 4.

7. Marching".

8. Bend fall h Kn. st. 2 A. ext. sidew. (§ 43). *• On

the left (r.) — kneel! " . . . etc. Compare L VIII., 8.

9. Str. St. T. sidew. flex. (§ 41). "Arms upward — stretch! Trunk to the left (r.)— bend ! Upward— stretch! " . . .

10. 2 A. and L. fig. twice upw. jump. " Arms and legs flung sideways, twice upward jump — one! . . . Six!" Compare XXIV., 10 and XLVI., 10.

Followed by ^ s^eps forw.jump. See XXXII., 10.

11. Yd. c fallout St. c. Heel-elev. "Feet close and hips — firm! Left (r.) foot forward — fallout! Arms sideways

— stretch! Heel-elevation — one ! Two! . . . Compare XLIV., 11.

12. Yd. a fallout st. « 2 A. flg. (§ 46). Arms forward

— bend ! To the left (r.) — fallOut ! Trunk erect ! Arm-fling ing, breathe in — one ! Breathe out — two ! The same — one ! Two! "...

End as in LVI.

School Gymnastics 123

LXI.

1. Introd. See LI.

2. Yd. c turn stride st. pos, ** Left (r.) foot sideways, to the left (r.) and arms sideways stretch — one ! Twd ! '* Compare LVIII., 2 and XXV., 2.

3. Bend arch turn st. 2 A. ext. sidew. (§ 39). Arms upward — bend! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Backward — bend! Arm-extension sideways — one! Two! . . . end by Sir. st. T.forw, downw flex.

4. StoopfalL 2 A. flex. (§ 40). First com. as LI., 4 ; then "Arms — bend! Stretch! The same — one! Two!" . . . (The elbows bend, letting the straight body sink forward.)

In absence of desks apply :

Turn st. 2 A. ext. sidew., hacJcw. and upw, (§ 40). Compare LVI., 4.

5. Rest St. L. elev. backw. (§41). *' Neck — firm! Left (r.) leg backward — lift ! " etc. Compare V., 5.

6. Wg". fallout. St. c slow. 2 A. ext. upw. (§ 42). Compare LII., 6 and XXI., 3.

7. Marching.

8. Bend fall F. gr. | st. 2 A. ext. sidew. (§ 43) . Com. pos. as XXIV., 8. Movt. as LVIII., 8. In absence of desks apply LX. , 8.

9. Str. wlk. a St. T. rot. (§ 44). Com. pos. XIV. 2. '♦Trunk to the left (r.)— turn! To the right (1.)— turn! Forward — turn!" . . .

10. Upw. jump. ♦' Upw. jump — start ! The same — start! " The pupils go through all the motions. ( See VII. 9.) Occasionally command " Upward jump — start ! Four ! Five ! {or Start ! Five !) " when the pupils go through the first three (four) motions without command.

To be followed by 3 steps for w. jump. See XXXV., 10.

11. Yd. c stride st. slow 2 Kn. flex to sitt. See XXXIX., 5.

12. Wg. fallout. St. a 2 A. ext. to Yd. d (§ 46). Com. pos. : See XVIL, 6; movt. : see VII., 11, (Trunk erect.)

End as in LVI.

124 School Gymnastics

LXII.

1. Introd. See LI.

2. Wg- wlk. d St. 2 Kn. flex, in ser. Compare LV.,

2andXXIIl., 2.

3. Str. turn wlk. a st. arch flex. (§ 39). Com. pos. : as fin. pos. of LXI., 9. End by Str. stride St. T.forw. dovmw. flex.

4. Stoopfall, 2 A. flex. See LXI., 4.

In absence of desks apply :

Turn stride st. 2 A. ext. forw. sidew. and upw. (§ 40). *'Left (r.) foot sideways — place ! Trunk to the left (r.) — turn ! Arm-extension forward, sideways and upward — start ! Stop!"

5. Str. stride st. 2 Kn. flex. (§ 41). "Feet sideways, and arms upward — stretch ! Heels — lift! Knees — bend! Knees— stretch! Heels — sink! " etc.

6. Yd. a fallout st. 2 A. flg. (§ 42). Com. pos. : XXIV., 5. Arms forward —bend! Arm-flinging — <5ne ! Tw6 !'*...

7. Marching'.

8. Str. ly. 2 L. elev. to 90". See LVII.,8. If the floor

cannot be used apply LXIII., 8.

9. Str. close st. T. sidew. flex. (§ 44). Feet close and arms upward — stretch! Trunk to the left (r.) — bend ! Upward — stretch ! " . . .

10. 180° twice upw. jump. Compare L., 10 and XLVI., 10.

Followed by 1 step. forw. jump. See XXVIII., 10.

11. Yd. c wlk. d St. slow 2 Kn. flex. See LIV., 6.

12. Yd. d fallout st. a 2 A. elev. (§ 46). " Hips — firm ! Left (r.) foot sideways forward — fall6ut! Trunk erect! Arms sideways — lift! Hands — t6rn! Arms lift, breathe in — one! Sink, breathe out — two! The same — one! Two!" . . .

End as in LVI.

School Gymnastics 125

LXIII.

1. Introd. See LI.

2. Str. turn stride st. pos. "Left (r.) foot sidewaySj trunk to the left (r.) and arms upward stretch — one I Two! " Compare LXI., 2.

3. Bend arch st. 2 A. ext. sidew. (§ 39). "Arms upward — bend ! Trunk backward — bend ! Arm-extension sideways — one! Two! . . . Trunk upward — stretch! Arms upward — stretch! Trunk forward, downward — bend ! Up- ward—stretch! "...

4. Pallhang. 2. A. flex. (§ 40). Com. first as in LIII., 4; then «' Lift! Sink! "... The straight body is raised by the arms bending at the elbows (chest brought well forward).

In absence of desks apply :

Turn St. 2 A. ext. forw., backw.^ and upw. (§ 40). Compare LVI., 4.

6. Rest close toe st. slow marcti. (§ 41). <* Feet close and neck — firm ! Heels — lift ! Slowly forward (backw.) march — one! Two!" . , .

6. Yd. c Fallout st. d 2. A. rot. (§ 42). Com. pos.: XXIV., 6. Movt. : § 33. 3.

7. Marching.

8. Yd. c Fall. Kn. st. T. rot. (§ 43). " Kneel! Arms sideways — stretch! Trunk backward — bend!" (Fall from the knees.) "Trunk to the left (r.) — turn! Forward — turn!" . . .

9. Str. Wlk. a St. rev. T. rot. (§ 44). " Left (r.) foot side- ways forward place and arms upward — stretch! Trunk to the right (1.) — turn! . . . § 34. 6.

10. Forw. jump (see XI., 9). " Forward jump — stdrt ! " Compare LXI., 10.

Followed by Upw. jump. ''Upward jump — dne! Two! Three ! Four ! Five ! "

11 Yd. c wlk. h St. 2 Kn. flex, in ser. ''Arm- extension sideways, foot-placing forward heel-elevation and knee-flexion — one ! Tw6! Thr^e! Four! Five! Six!" 1 = Bend st. 2 and 6 = Yd. c wlk. 6. st. 3 and 5 = Yd. c wlk. b. toe St. 4 = Yd. c wlk. b courtesy st.

12. Fallout St. a 2 A. elev. forw. upw. (§ 46). Com- pare LXII., 12 and XL, 11.

£iid as in LVI.

126

School Gymnastics

LXIY.

1. Introd. See LI.

2. Str. turn wlk. a st. pos. Compare LXIII., 2, and LVIII.,2.

3. Str. turn stride st. arch flex. (§ 39). Com. pos. as fin. pos. of LXIII., 2. "Trunk backward — bend! Upward

— stretch! . . Arm-extension, change feet and sides — one! Two! Backward — bend! Upward! Stretch! . . . Forward!

— turnl Forward downward — bend!" . . .

4. BaL hang. pos. See LIX., 4.

In absence of desks apply ;

Turn St. 2 A. ext. form . sideiv. hackw. and upw. (§ 40). Com- pare LIX., 4.

5. Rest cr. a i st. pos. (§ 41). Neck — firm! Left (r.) knee upward — bend!" . . . Compare VIII., 5.

6. Bend fallout st. d alb. A. ext to yd. d (§ 42). Com. pos. : XXIV., 5. Movt. X., C.

7. Marching.

8. Yd. c fall. F. gr. sitt. T. rot. (§ 43). Com. pos. : See

XXVIi., S. Movt. : compare LXIII. , 8 which is used as substitute in absence of desks.

9. Str. wlk. h St. T. sidew. flex. (§ 44). Com. pos.; XV., 2. Movt.. X., 8.

10. Sidew. forw. jump. ** Forward to the left (r.) jump

— one ^ two ! Three ! Four ! " The opposite foot (right, when to the left) is placed crosswise forward and (assisted by the arms which oscillate forward) springs the body from the ground in the direction sideways forward; landing occurs in usual manner, and the body should face straight forward through- out the movement. — Followed by 90° upio. jump. Comd. — " Start! " Compare LXI., 10, and XII., 10.

11. Yd. c heel-sup. wlk. b st. T. forw. flex. Com- pare LIl., 11.

12. Fallout St. a 2 A. elev. sidew. upw. (§ 46).

Compare LXIII., 12, and XIII., 11. End as in LVI.

School Gymnastics 127

LXV.

1. Introd. See LI.

2. Rest St. alt. toe elev. rhythm. See XXVI., 11.

8. Bend arch turn close st. 2 A. ext. sldew. (§39).

" Feet close and arms upward — bend ! Trunk to the left — turn I Backward — bend ! " etc. Compare LVII., 3.

4. Fall-hang. 2 A. flex. See LXIII., 4.

In absence of desks apply :

Turn stride st. 2 A. ext. sidew. and upw. (§ 40). Compare LXIL, 4.

5. Str. St. 2 Kn. flex, to sitt. (§ 41). See § 32. 5, and § 30. 16.

6. Wgr. fallout St. d 2 A. swim. (§ 42). Com. pos. : XXIV., 5. Movt. : § 33. 5.

7. Marching.

8. Yd. c fall i Kn. st. T. rot. (§ 43). " On the left (r.) — kneel ! " For movt. : see LXIII., 8, and XLIV., 8.

9. Str. wlk. h St. T. rot. (§ 44). Com. pos.: XV., 2.

Rotate to the side of the advanced foot.

Followed (if floor and space permit) by ^ str. side fall. pos. first wg. side fall, as in LVII., 9 ; then "Left (r.) arm upward — stretch! Change sides — one I Two!" . . . The extended arm should be in a line with the body.

10. Vault chairs, if such are at hand. " Eight (1.) — face ! Hands on desks — place! Forward jump — one! Two'^thr^e 1 Four I Five ! " Over the chairs from one aisle into the next. one, using their hands for support, the pupils jump straight forw., and land as in usual manner.

Followed by 2 steps forw. jump. See XXXII., 10.

11. Yd. c wlk. a St. 2 Kn. flex, in ser. Compare LXIII., 11.

12. Yd. c fallout St. a 2 A. circ. Compare LXIL, 12, and XV., 11.

End as in LVI.

128

School Gymnastics

LXYI.

1. Introd. See LI.

2. Rest St. alt. toe and Heel-elev. See XXVIII., 11.

3. Str. turn St. arch