HANDBOUND AT THE
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO PRESS
MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
FROM
THE BEGINNING OF THE
'V f • • - REIGN OF CHARLES THE FIRST
TO THE
HAPPY RESTORATION
OF KING CHARLES THE SECOND.
BY
BULSTRODE WHITELOCK.
A NEW EDITION, IN FOUR VOLUMES. VOL. II.
Quseque ipse miserrima vidi, Et quorum magna pars fui. VIRG. JEn. ii. 8.
OXFORD:
AT THE UNIVERSITY PRESS. M.DCCC.LIII.
400 W5
17-53
V, a.
MEMORIALS
OF
THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
DURING THE REIGN OF
KING CHARLES THE FIRST.
26. UPON the debate of the king's last letter, a committee Ann 1646. was named to draw up an answer to that message, adhering^3^*6- to the former resolutions, to have the propositions first de- Answer to spatched, and assented to by his majesty. the king's
A committee of both houses was sent into the city, and e communicated to the lord mayor and common- council his majesty's last letter, and made some observations upon it, and informed them of the danger by the great number of malignants coming from the king's quarters to London, The city desired the care of the militia in searching for and appre- cajoled* hending them, and that the lord-mayor, aldermen, and com- mon-council would meet both houses at Christ Church on the thanksgiving day.
An ordinance sent to the lords authorizing the commis- sioners of the customs to pay i ooo/. per annum to every one of the judges and barons of the exchequer for their salaries, and in lieu of all fees.
Two letters taken about sir Jacob Ashley, of great intelli- gence, read in the house.
Letters informed that all the lord Hopton's forces were disbanded, according to the articles, and a proclamation for all of them the next day to depart, or else to be taken as 199 spies; that the disbanding was done with great civility on
\ WHITELOCK, VOL. II. B
2 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
both parts ; and not the least insulting by the parliaments forces, nor the value of sixpence taken- from them by any of their army.
That orders were given for the army to march eastward, except two or three regiments left to block up Pendennis- castle ; which being summoned, they returned a peremptory answer of denial. That a ship of the parliament's, upon intel- ligence, came into Falmouth harbour, and hauled a Dunkirk ship, who gave two broadsides ; but after a little dispute, the parliament's ship boarded the Dunkirker, and put all the Irish in her to the sword, and took the rest prisoners.
That Helford-fort was surrendered to the parliament, and in it six pieces of ordnance, and will straiten Pendennis-castle.
That lieutenant-colonel Ingolesby, going to view the castle, was shot by a musketeer, whereof he died within three hours; and that major Cobbet was shot.
ho°uL in- 27' The cit7 invited both houses of parliament to dinner at vited to Grocers'-hall on the thanksgiving- day.
A fast-day was kept by the English and Scots armies before Newark.
Intelligence came that a party from Dunnington-castle sal- lied out upon Dalbier's men, killed some, took fifty prisoners, and the mattocks, &c., of the pioneers.
28. Debate of the blasphemies of Paul Best. Divines or- dered to confer with him, to convince him of his sin; and that a charge be prepared against him.
Order for 4000^. for the Scots reformados.
Consideration of six preaching ministers to be sent down to Hereford, and to have i5ol. per annum each of them
The governor of Plymouth sent a party to Ince-house a garrison of the king's, which they summoned to surrender to the parliament, but the garrison returned a scornful answer ; upon which the Plymouth men prepared for a battery; but as soon as the great guns came, the garrison begged for quarter and had it, and left their arms and ammunitfon
Sir Thomas Fairfax
on to the n
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI.
sented to the propositions which they are about, and will be shortly sent to him.
The commission read for the lord L'Isle to be governor of Ireland.
The lords desired the commons that they would give leave that one imprisoned by them might be sent for, and examined by the lords touching a dangerous book, lately published, called, The last Summons, or Warning-Piece to London; to which the commons did agree.
Order for 3oo/. for sir Peter Smith in part of his arrears for service in Ireland, and for disposal of the prisoners in Gloucester, and for sending down the ministers of Cornwall, &c. to their charges.
Colonel Morgan, colonel Birch, and sir William Brereton, Worcester. with their joint forces, marched to Worcester, and summoned the city to surrender to the parliament, and informed them that the king had no forces to relieve them.
They answered, that if it had been so, they supposed they should have known the king's pleasure therein, till when they would not surrender the city.
The besiegers replied, that they would not inform them an untruth ; but that they might the better inquire, and prevent their own ruin, they would for a short time draw off a little further from them.
Dunnington-castle, being much endamaged by the grana- dos, desired liberty to send to Oxford, and upon answer from thence would come to a treaty.
High- Archal was surrendered to the forces of Shropshire, with all the arms and ammunition.
31 . Letters from sir Thomas Fairfax desired favour to some gentlemen that came in to him from the king's quarters; and it was referred to a committee, to state their several cases.
Mr. Steward, who had the parliament's protection, was dis- charged from an arrest, and order for money due to him to be paid.
The commons voted, that in case the king (contrary to the Vote of the advice of both houses of parliament already given him) shall co come, or attempt to come, within the lines of communication,
That then the militia of London, with advice of the com- mittee of lords and commons for the army, shall raise forces to prevent and suppress any tumult that may arise by his
B2
4 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
coming; and to apprehend such as shall come with him, or resort to him, and to secure his person from danger. And the house ordered, that all who had borne arms against the parliament should depart London by the 6th of April, or else to be taken as spies.
The lords concurred in the letter of invitation to the prince, and in the answer to the king's last letter.
A summons was sent into Newark on Saturday, to render the town to the use of the parliament ; and they took time till Monday for their answer. April, 1 646. 1. Passes for some to go beyond seas.
Difference about the ordinance for martial law in London.
Order that the proclamation for delinquents to depart Lon- don be proclaimed by beat of drum and sound of trumpet.
Intelligence came from the governor of Reading of a de- sign of the king's to come to London suddenly.
The answer to the king's last letter sent away, and com- missioners from both houses and from Scotland to be named to present the propositions to the king.
Debate touching matters of religion.
Dunnington- castle was surrendered upon articles to colonel Dalbier for the use of the parliament, and in it six pieces of ordnance, arms, and ammunition.
Colonel Bestworth, high-sheriff of Hampshire, fell upon a party of Oxford horse, fetching provisions out of Berks, and took about eighty prisoners of them.
The general marched towards Exeter.
2. The day of public thanksgiving, both houses were highly feasted by the city at Grocers'- hall.
3. The ordinance passed for martial law in London upon such as shall offend against the articles then agreed on.
Order for colonel Grave's regiment to be removed nearer Oxford; and referred to the committee of both kingdoms, to 200 consider of blocking up the passages between Oxford and London, and for the disbanding colonel Starre's regiment, and for continuing the assessment for sir Thomas Fairfax's army for four months longer; and that an account be given to a grand committee of the house of all receipts by ordi- nances and assessments, and how they may all be brought into one way through the same hands. Paul Best. Paul Best brought to the bar, heard his charge, and by his
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 5
answer confessed the Trinity, and that he hoped to be saved thereby: but denied the three Persons, as a Jesuitical tenent.
A day was set to determine this business ; and in the mean- time some of the members of the house appointed to confer with Best, to convince him of his errors.
Letters informed of sir Thomas Fairfax's return to the siege of Exeter, and the garrisons for the parliament made great shouts and volleys for joy of his return. That he and the lieutenant-general and others rode about the works, and within musket-shot of them, to view them ; and afterwards, by advice of his council of war, sent a summons to the go- vernor to surrender Exeter : and he returned answer, that he Exeter. was contented that commissioners on both parts might treat about the surrender of that city, and that the commissioners were to meet about it.
The general sent three thousand horse to join with colonel Fleetwood to straiten Oxford.
The Abington horse and colonel Best worth fell upon a party of six hundred horse of the king's going to Farrington, routed them, took three hundred of their horse, many pri- soners, and pursued the rest to the walls of Oxford, and lost but one man.
Sir William Brereton, colonel Morgan, and colonel Birch, withdrawing from Worcester, fell suddenly upon Bridge- north, entered the town by storm, drove the enemy into the castle, where they have closely besieged them.
The garrison of Newark made a sally upon lieutenant- Newark, general PoymVs quarters; thirty of his men were killed and drowned, captain Jephson and captain Murray slain with the wind of a cannon bullet; but after a sharp encounter, the Newarkers were beaten back again, some slain, and some of them taken prisoners.
6. Order to prevent danger by the multitude of delinquents remaining near to the lines of communication.
A pass granted to the wife of Mr. Endymion Porter to go into France to her husband.
Votes to continue the northern association for six months : the forces there to be eight thousand foot and two thousand horse, and to be under the command of sir Thomas Fairfax.
Oxford was much blocked up by colonel Fleetwood, Ireton, Rainsborough, and the Abington forces.
6 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
The earl of Northampton came to London to go beyond sea, but was ordered to go out of the lines of communication, and his horses were restored to him.
The lord Culpepper, sir Nicholas Crispe, and colonel Monke landed in France.
The king's forces quitted Barnstable and betook themselves to the castle.
Portland-castle was surrendered to the parliament: the gar- rison had liberty to go to their homes, leaving their arms be- hind them.
7. A brass statue in Windsor church ordered to be sold, and the money to go for pay of the garrison.
Both houses conferred the place of master of the new hos- pital at Leicester upon Mr. George Grey.
Scots dis- The Scots commissioners sent in a paper of their dissent in some points to the propositions touching religion and the militia : the house named a committee to debate the points with the Scots commissioners, and to endeavour to satisfy them.
A committee named to consider of settling a preaching ministry in all places ; and about presentations belonging to delinquents, bishops, deans, and chapters.
Major-general Poyntz went on in his approaches at Newark, and turned the river from the town on the north side : the Scots took Sandy-fort, near the castle.
Montrose's forces were beaten from Inverness in Scotland, two hundred of them killed and taken.
8. Debate upon the ministers' petition.
Colonel Morgan and his forces blocked up Worcester, on St. John's side.
Colonel Fleetwood blocked up all the passes by Woodstock side to Oxford, and besieged Radcot and Bostal-house.
Colonel Whaly goes on in the siege against Banbury.
9. A petition from the poor inhabitants near Dunnington- castle, whose houses were burnt by the late governor for the king, and the articles for surrender of it read.
Order for the arrears of colonel Kerre, late governor of Plymouth.
Ordinance sent to the lords for making the lord L'Isle lieu- tenant of Ireland.
Order about delinquents' resort to London.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 7
Intelligence came that the king's forces in Bridgenorth- castle, because the town did not bring in to them a month's provisions, shot granados into the town, and fired most part of it.
The king's forces also fired the greatest part of Farrington, to prevent the parliament's forces from having of any shelter there.
10. Referred to the committee of both kingdoms to employ the forces under colonel Dalbier, and such other forces as could be spared, for the blocking up of Oxford, and to pre- serve the adjacent counties from plunder.
A committee named to draw up an ordinance, in the na- ture of a general summons to all the king's garrisons, to sur- render to the parliament, under a penalty; and not to demo- lish, fire, or destroy any of those garrisons, or of the adjacent houses.
Upon information that the governor of Bridgenorth had burnt the town, the house revoked the power of the com- mittee of Salop to treat with him.
The ordinance passed for trial of Mr. Murray.
Debate about Mr.Withers's book, reflecting upon a mem- ber of the house.
11. A committee of both houses named to give their answer to the Scots papers touching the propositions for peace.
Debate touching the ministers' petition about commission- ers to judge of scandalous offences, &c.
News came that the articles were agreed for the surrender Exeter sur- of Exeter, and four hostages given by them for performance rei of them, colonel sir J. Coventry, sir James Thyn, colonel Cro- ker, and another ; and that three of their forts were surren- dered, and the conditions were very honourable ; one, much insisted on, was, that the cathedral should not be defaced.
The general advanced towards Barnstable, and sent parties to besiege Saltcombe and Dunster-castle.
13. Letters from sir Thomas Fairfax certified the surrender of Exeter, and that he had nominated colonel Hammond to 20 [ be governor there, which the house approved.
Lieutenant-colonel Grimes and Mr. Potter, messengers from sir Thomas Fairfax of this good success, had lool. apiece given them.
Letters from major-general Mitton informed the surrender
8 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
of Ruthin-castle to him, and in it two drakes and a murder- ing-piece, arms, ammunition, and provisions.
That captain Simkins and captain Carter fell upon the enemy near Denbigh, killed seven of them, and took divers officers and soldiers prisoners.
That sir Trevor Williams fell upon a party of those of Rag- land, killed fourteen, and took forty prisoners, and arms ; that divers officers and others came in to him to submit to the parliament.
Colonel Mason, by desire of major-general Mitton, was made governor of Ruthin-castle ; and Mr. Fogge, a minister that brought these letters, had 5O/. for a gratuity.
Letters certified divers good successes of the parliament's forces in Ireland, and the taking of the earl of Thomond prisoner.
14. Debate about reducing the receipts of the kingdom into one general way.
Order that committees shall not meddle with any matter of title, or any private interests between party and party, without special authority from both houses of parliament.
Upon a book of printed papers touching the Scots differing Vote. about the propositions for peace, both houses voted, that the matter in those printed papers was false, and scandalous against the parliament and kingdom of England, and should be burnt by the common hangman ; and a declaration to be of the truth of those proceedings, and that the author of this book was an incendiary between the two kingdoms. Scots It was not without some ground of suspicion that some of
papers. ^g gco^s commissioners themselves, encouraged, if not ap- pointed, the printing of this book, which caused the more sharpness in divers towards it.
Order for other papers to be published about the payment of their army, religion, and the propositions for peace.
15. The ordinance for the assessment for sir Thomas Fair- fax's army sent to the lords, to be continued for four months longer.
A convoy ordered for ships trading from Newcastle, and the northern parts.
An ordinance sent to the lords for constituting a church in Dover, for the protestants, French, and Walloons.
A pass granted to the earl of Northampton to go beyond sea.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 9
The siege of Newark went on smartly, and the town wanted provisions.
Barnstable was surrendered to the parliament on the same terms as Exeter, and sir Thomas Fairfax was upon his march towards Oxford ; many old soldiers wondered at his speed.
16. A committee named to consider of the breach of pri- vileges of the parliament in the ministers' petition.
A committee named to consider of those well affected per- sons who had offices in the court of wards, which would be lost by taking away of that court, and how they might be recompensed, particularly the lord Say and sir Benjamin Eudyeard.
17. Order to license the East India Company to transport 5000^. of foreign bullion.
A petition of the lord Inchequin, lord Broghil, and others, referred to the committee of the Irish affairs.
Maintenance, as formerly, continued to sir Robert King, Mr. Annesley, and colonel Beale, the parliament's commis- sioners in Ireland.
The declaration touching the Scots papers passed, and ordered to be printed.
Colonel Hainsb or oughts men received some loss attempt- ing to storm Woodstock manor.
18. Major Dingley made governor of Evesham.
The Declaration was published upon occasion of the Scots Declara- papers, and to settle a right understanding between England*1011' and Scotland, and to vindicate the proceedings of the par- liament of England : the same is in print, and worth the reading.
Letters from the army informed that Exeter was surren- dered according to the articles, and sir John Berkley, the governor, marched forth with about two thousand men ; that as soon as they were out of the gate, seven hundred of them, being Cornish men, and divers others, laid down their arms, and went to their own dwellings, and that sir Allen Apseley was to surrender the fort the next day.
20. Order for i o,ooo/. per annum for the queen of Bohe- mia, and for money for the prince elector.
Order for the chambers of Mr. Mostyn and Mr. Stampe in the Temple to be given (I think) to Mr. Hill.
A message from both houses to the Scots commissioners
10 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
desired their speedy answer touching the propositions for peace, that they might be speedily sent to the king.
Mr. Norfolke and others made sergeants-at-arms.
The batteries went on against Newark, and the garrison desired liberty to send to the king about surrendering of it.
Sir William Brereton summoned Litchfield close to sur- render, and informed them of the defeat of sir Jacob Ashley, and the rendition of Exeter, Barnstable, &c.
Sir Thomas Tidsley and colonel Bagot returned a short and peremptory denial.
21. Almost the whole day was spent in debate of the
Power of ministers1 petition, and many votes passed, for the power of
ments" parliaments in spiritual matters (sought to be impeached by
this petition) as well as in temporal, and questions ordered
to be drawn up concerning government jure divino, to have
the answer of the assembly thereunto.
The preface to the pamphlet, entitled, The Scots Commis- sioners' Papers, and the stating of the Question concerning the Propositions for Peace, were burnt by the hangman.
In Exeter the parliament had thirty pieces of ordnance, store of ammunition and provisions ; Mount-Edgecombe was surrendered to colonel Hammond, governor of Exeter, and in it thirty pieces of ordnance, store of arms and ammuni- tion.
The earl of Bristol and lord Pawlet had leave to stay some time in Exeter, to make their peace with the parliament, or to get passes to go beyond sea.
Orders. 22. Order, that every member that came into the house after prayers should pay is. to the poor.
For a new election, and for a new high-sheriff. For pay- ment of a debt for arms, and for continuing the committee of Middlesex.
202 Lieutenant-general Cromwell and sir Hardress Waller came to London from the general, to advise about the motion of the army.
The king's party gave out that six thousand Irish were shipped for Wales ; that Montrose, with twelve thousand men, was upon the borders, advancing to the king, and their hopes Differences, upon the differences between the presbyterians and inde- pendents, and between the Scots and the parliament.
23. Lieutenant-general Cromwell sat in the house, and
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 11
the speaker (by command) gave him the hearty thanks of the house for his good services.
Differences between sir John Danvers and the lady Gar- grave referred to a committee.
Order for i5,ooo/., a month's pay for the Scots army be- fore Newark, the country not being able to bear their quarter.
St. Michael's Mount surrendered.
Order to recommend to sir Thomas Fairfax the speedy reducing of Oxford and Newark.
Colonel Birch besieged Ludlow.
24. Votes for money for Ireland, and for other Irish affairs, and the whole day spent concerning that kingdom.
25. Upon a letter from colonel Ireton, ordered, that notice be given the general, that if his majesty should by any letter or writing under his own hand send to the general or any commander for the parliament concerning any overture for peace, that the same shall with all convenient speed be sent to both houses of parliament.
Letters from colonel Rainsborough informed, that Mr. Fountaine the lawyer was come in to him, and that the house ordered that he be sent prisoner to Bristol.
Colonel Morgan voted to be governor-in-chief of the forces in Monmouthshire.
Order for a new high- sheriff.
An ordinance sent from the lords for a committee at Ha- berdashers Vhall was rejected.
Directions sent from the house to the general, to dispose of the army as he shall think fit, in relation to Newark and Oxford.
Letters of the surrender of Dunster-castle to colonel Blake for the parliament, and of Titbury- castle to sir William Bre- reton, and of Aberust with- castle, all upon conditions, and leaving their ordnance, ammunition, and provisions to the parliament.
26. Commissioners from Oxford, the earl of Southampton, the earl of Lindsey, sir William Fleetwood, and Mr. John Ashburnham, and the commissioners for the parliament, colonel Rainsborough, colonel Fleetwood, major Harrison, and major Desborough, agreed on articles for the surrender of Woodstock-house to the parliament, with their arms, am- munition, ordnance, and provisions.
12 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
Major Desborough, who brought the letters thereof to the house, was called in, and had the thanks of the house for his good services, and ioo/. bestowed upon him.
He acquainted the house that a private overture was made by the earl of Southampton for the king's coming to London, as had been before, to colonel Ireton : they declared all ad- dresses this way, and not to the parliament, to be indirect, and an obstruction to the proceedings for peace.
Debate of the Scots papers, which were,
1 . A negative to some points concerning the propositions for peace.
2. To have the militia limited for a time.
3. Concerning Ireland.
4. A collection of passages of the parliament's touching uniformity in matters of religion.
Vote for 8ooZ. per annum for the bishop of Durham.
Summons were agreed to be sent into Newark before the storm : the plague was hot in the town.
Sir Thomas Fairfax came to Newbury with his army, which troubled Oxford.
Debate about reducing all accounts into one way, and an ordinance read for draining the great level of the feus : they denied to join with the lords in admitting the earl of North- ampton to his composition, but adhered to their former re- solution, that the earl and his company go beyond sea.
Voted that when Newark shall be reduced, the works of it be slighted.
A trumpet came with an answer from the prince to the parliament's invitation of him, and he desires a pass for the lord Capell to go to the king, to make him some overtures from the prince, and that the primate of Armagh may come to him.
Letters informed the surrender of Bridgenorth upon arti- cles, and a letter of thanks ordered to the committee of Salop for their good service, and that colonel Lloyd be governor of Bridgenorth.
A day of thanksgiving ordered.
The garrison in Banbury-castle desired liberty to send to the king about the surrender of it, but colonel Whaly would not grant it.
Letters informed good successes of the parliament's forces
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 13
in Ireland under the lord Broghill, captain Moulton, and others.
29. The day of the monthly fast ; the house met in the evening, and several new members took the covenant, and they ordered an ordinance to be brought in for a more strict observation of that day, and another for punishment of here- sies and such as divulge them, and another for further con- viction and punishment of recusants.
30. The northern association continued, and reference to a committee to examine affronts given to the major of Ber- wick by some officers there.
A committee named to consider of a fit place for a gaol for Yorkshire.
The queries passed concerning church government, and Church go- upon the point of jure divino, and some members of the house vernment- appointed to deliver them to the assembly.
Letters informed that the king was escaped out of Oxford in disguise with Mr. John Ashburnham and one more, but which way he was gone was uncertain.
Letters from colonel Rainsborough informed that the king The king was escaped out of Oxford, but no further ; and that the duke j.^Jes Ox~ of Richmond, the earl of Lindsey, sir William Fleetwood, sir Edward Sydenham, and Mr. Carew came to him, casting themselves upon the mercy of the parliament : the house ordered them to be sent prisoners to Warwick-castle.
Ordered that no persons coming out of Oxford should be admitted to any parley or treaty, except for the surrender of that garrison, or some fort thereof.
Letters from colonel Mitton informed that the archbishop Dr. Wil- of York, Dr. Williams, had betaken himself to his house at Uams* Purin near Conwey, put a garrison therein and fortified it, 203 protesting against the king's party, and persuading the coun- try against payment of contribution to Conwey.
That the lord Byron, upon notice of the bishop's revolt, sent out a party from Conwey to besiege him, and the bishop sending for assistance to major-general Mitton he drew out a party to interpose.
Letters from colonel Ireton's quarters informed that cap- tain Gibbons, who commanded Ireton's regiment, took four troops of that regiment, with a party of dragoons and some of Henley foot, and fell upon a village called Cromash,
14 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
joining to Wallingford, took divers prisoners of the garrison of Wallingford, beat the enemy into the castle, and possessed the place, being of great advantage for the reducing of that garrison.
May 1646. 1. Order to proceed in the election of a knight of the shire for Chester, though there be no chamberlain there.
Augmentations to ministers' livings by the committee of plundered ministers were approved by the house.
2. Debate touching the court of wards.
The lord Pawlet, after much debate, was admitted to his composition by request of the general : and upon a petition of the town of Lyme the house ordered that they should have reparations out of the lord Pawlet' s estate for the great losses they had suffered by him.
Order that no papist that hath been in arms against the parliament shall be admitted to his composition.
A general training appointed, and the militia of London ordered all shops to be shut on that day.
Letters informed that upon a second summons to Newark, the governor, Bellasis, after time taken to consider, sent a trumpet to lieutenant-general Poyntz, that by advice of the council of war in the town they were willing to treat for the surrender of that garrison upon honourable conditions, and commissioners to treat were appointed on both sides : the messenger had lol. for a reward.
Letters informed that the general marched through Abing- ton, where major-general Browne gallantly entertained him, and took up his quarters at Garrington ; that colonel Trevor and sir Jo. Vaughan came in to him at Oxford.
That the army was on both sides the river, intending closely to begirt the city; that the king is gone for London, as is sup- posed, and that a hundred officers are come out of Oxford.
4. Letters from the general before Oxford informed confi- dently that the king was in London, whereupon both houses declared by beat of drum and sound of trumpet,
Declara- That what person soever shall order or conceal, or know of the harbouring or concealing of the king's person, and shall not reveal it immediately to the speakers of both houses, shall be proceeded against as a traitor to the commonwealth, forfeit his whole estate, and die without mercy.
An ordinance committed for all papists, officers, and sol-
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 15
diers of fortune, that have come out of the king's quarters, to remove twenty miles from London, and power given to the militia of London to search within twenty miles of London for all papists, malignants, and suspected persons, and to secure and disarm them, and to search for arms : this to con- tinue for twenty days.
The general training was put off.
Orders for provisions for the army.
5. Upon letter from Thomas Fairfax of suspicion of the king's being gone towards the associated counties, care was taken for their security, and colonel Russel sent down to the Isle of Ely, and colonel Wharton to Lynne.
Sir Hardress Waller named to be governor of Jersey.
A petition of many of Hertfordshire against tithes, but nothing was done in it.
Letters from the general's quarters informed that the gene- ral quartered at Heddington, within a mile of Oxford : the horse were so disposed as to prevent the enemy's sallies forth : the foot thus :
The general's regiment and colonel Pickering's at Hedding- ton, the major-general's and colonel Harley's at Marston, colonel Herbert's and colonel sir Hardress Waller's regiments at Cowley, the train of artillery at Ellesfield.
An hundred officers and soldiers came forth of Oxford in two days ; many of quality have sent for passes to go forth ; the lady Hertford, lady Digby, lord Stourton, and many of quality ; but the general denies all, except it be for treaty or parley.
That the grandees in Oxford give it out the king is in London, and hath made his peace with the parliament ; that Wallingford was blocked up on the one side by the forces of Reading and of Henley, and on the other side by colonel Welden.
That the governor of Wallingford sent a letter to the gene- ral desiring him not to make his approach to the castle, for then he must be forced to fire the town ; which he the rather urged, because he heard the king was in London, and upon agreement with the parliament, so that he hoped in seven or eight days to receive a command from his majesty for the surrender thereof.
Some foot sallied out of Oxford, but soon retreated; a
16 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
party from Farringdon did some hurt in the general's quarters.
6. Letters from the commissioners of the parliament before Newark and from lieutenant-general Poyntz certified, that the king came to the quarters of the French agent at Southam,
The king and thence sent to general Lesley, and was conducted by a Scots^army. troop of horse into the Scots army, where he now remains.
That the commissioners, soon after his coming, sent a let- ter to the commissioners of the parliament to acquaint them therewith, which letters were read in the house, and an ab- stract of a letter from Paris, discovering what was written from the king to the queen, touching his going from Oxford. Upon debate the commons voted,
Vote. That the commissioners and the general of the Scots army be de-
sired, that his majesty's person be disposed of, as both houses shall desire and direct, and that he be thence disposed of and sent to War wick- castle.
That Mr. Ashburnham and the rest that came with the king to the Scots army be sent for as delinquents by the sergeant-at-arms.
The commissioners of parliament before Newark were to acquaint the Scots general with these votes, and to take care that Mr. Ashburnham and the rest be sent up to the parliament, and they were to make a narrative of the king's coming to the Scots army, and to present it to the house.
Thirty pounds given to lieutenant-general Poyntz's secre- 204 tary, who brought these letters, and 30^. to the messenger of the commissioners.
Order for reducement of major-general Massey's horse, and those forces to be disposed of by the general.
7. An ordinance sent to the lords for establishment of the garrison of Hull, and order for ammunition for them.
Order for a new election.
Order for a letter from the speaker to the committee of Northumberland, to send some forces to preserve Holy Island, a place of great concernment.
Provision of money for Plymouth and other garrisons. Letters in- 8. Letters intercepted and read in the house, going from
tGrCc J.V ci A. • •
the bcots commissioners here to the Scots commissioners at Newark, of great concernment.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 17
A committee was appointed to examine the manner of the stay of the gentlemen that carried these letters.
Order to desire the Scots commissioners in London, that Mr.Wakerly, who signed the letter to the lord Balcarris, might be examined by a committee, and that the speaker should deliver to the Scots commissioners here such of the letters as they desired and should claim as their handwriting.
Other letters were read from the Scots commissioners in London concerning the king's being in the Scots army, and their persuading him to deliver up Newark to the committee of both kingdoms for the use of the parliament of England, which is to be surrendered to the commissioners for the par- liament upon articles the ninth of this instant May : the house sat this day till nine at night.
A letter from the Scots general and the committee of estates of Scotland, now with the Scots army, to the com- mittee of both kingdoms, informed,
That they were astonished at the providence of the king's Letters coming into their army, which was so private, that it w long ere they could find him there, and now desired that it might be improved to the best advantage for promoting the work of uniformity, for settling of religion and righteousness, and attaining of peace according to the covenant and treaty, by advice of the parliaments of both kingdoms or their com- missioners.
That they declare there hath been no treaty betwixt his majesty and them, and in so deep a business they desire the advice of the committee of both kingdoms, &c.
9. The articles of the surrender of Newark brought to the parliament. After the surrender, the Scots army drew off and retreated about four miles, the king with them in the army.
An hundred pounds given to the colonel that brought these letters, and $oL to the other messenger.
Banbury-castle was surrendered to colonel Whaly upon articles.
Order for thanksgiving to God for these mercies.
Fifty pounds given to Mr. Row, the commissioners' secre- tary before Newark.
A committee appointed to draw reasons to satisfy the lords for demanding the king's person, as was formerly voted.
WHITELOCK, VOL. II. 0
18 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
11. Letters advised of the king's advancing northwards with the Scots army, and that a house was preparing for his majesty in Newcastle : this caused the resuming of the debate for demanding the king's person, but voted to be disposed of and to reside near his parliament, not to go War wick -castle.
The lords' concurrence desired to votes,
Votes. That his majesty be desired to give command for the delivery up
of all forts in England, Ireland, and Wales, into the hands of the parliament, and to dissolve the commissions for peace with the Irish rebels, and to leave the prosecution of that war to the parliament's care.
Letters from colonel Whaly of the surrender of Banbury- castle upon articles, and left there ten pieces of ordnance, five hundred arms, nine colours, arms, ammunition, malt, beef, wheat, biscuit, twenty cows, and sixty sheep.
An hundred pounds ordered to colonel Whaly to buy him
two horses, and $ol. to the engineer, iol. to the messenger.
Particulars Letters of the particulars of the surrender of Newark ; that
render oT there went out witn tne lord Bellasis the governor, the lord
Newark. Deincourt, the lord Lexington, twelve knights, and many
gentlemen ; of one thousand five hundred foot, all went to
their several homes ; that the articles were exactly performed,
and they left in the town fourteen pieces of ordnance, three
thousand arms, store of ammunition and provisions, and the
town very strong, but the sickness was violent in it.
Letters of oppressions by some of the Scots forces in the north, upon whom the country rose, and some of both parties were killed.
A day appointed to consider thereof, and of sending forces into the north to protect the well affected, and to hinder resort of malignants to the king, and how to dispose of the Scots and other forces, and of Carlisle, and other forts which the Scots supplied, being in their hands.
12. The day of thanksgiving observed.
Letters of the Scots army being on their march northward, the king in the van of them, and that the Scots commissioners desired a meeting with the English commissioners, to give an account of their sudden departure, and reasons for their not delivering up Mr. Ashburnham according to the order of parliament.
Letters that sir Thomas Fairfax had made his approaches
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 19
near the works at Oxford, and finished the bridge at Marston ; that Oxford garrison made a sally out, but were beaten back, one of their men killed, and one of the parliament's wounded; that the approaches were so near, that the officers and soldiers of either parties parleyed one with another, and those of the garrison seemed troubled at the king's going to the Scots army.
I asked leave of the house to go into the country, and from my own house I went to wait on the general at the leaguer before Oxford.
The general, lieutenant-general Cromwell, Ireton, Lambert, Fleetword, and the rest of the great commanders there, used me with extraordinary respect and courtesy. The general admitted me to his councils of war.
The general was a person of as meek and humble carriage Sir Thomas as ever I saw in great employment, and but of few words mFalrfax- discourse or council ; yet when his judgment and reason were satisfied, he was unalterable, except it were by better, whereof (as was fit) he was the only judge.
The speaker acquainted me that he had received letters from sir Thomas Fairfax, wherein he made mention of me, full of respect and kindness towards me, and after compli- 205 ments of my abilities and other qualifications, and of my particular knowledge of that place and country, he thought it would be for the service of the parliament, and it would be a great contentment to himself, to have my company and ad- vice at the leaguer before Oxford, for which purpose he de- sired the speaker would move the house to give me leave to go down to the general, and this he desired the rather, be- cause, if there should be occasion for commissioners for a treaty about the surrendering of Oxford, he would willingly have me to be one of his commissioners. Upon my advising about this business with the speaker and others of his friends, it was not held fit to acquaint the house with this letter con- cerning me, for that it would not be liked by some that I should be a commissioner for sir Thomas Fairfax to treat with the commissioners of sir Thomas Glemham, about the surrender of some particular garrisons, when I had been em- ployed as a commissioner for the parliament to treat with the king himself about the greatest affairs of the two kingdoms ; but they advised me to ask leave of the house generally to go
20 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
into the country, and being at my own house it would be but a little journey to go over to the general. He used me with extraordinary respect and courtesy, and advised with me in most of his affairs, and upon my intimations to Cromwell, with whom I was very intimately received, he took off the general from any thoughts of employing me as a commis- sioner, but he sent for me to his councils of war, and made use of my advice in most of his affairs of greatest consequence. But I have observed him at councils of war, that he hath said little, but hath ordered things expressly contrary to the judgment of all his council ; and in action in the field I have seen him so highly transported, that scarce any one durst speak a word to him, and he would seem more like a man distracted and furious, than of his ordinary mildness, and so far different temper.
^Oxford. The Seneral sent a summons to the governor to surrender Oxford for the use of the parliament, expressing his unwill- ingness to do any thing of damage to that famous university, and offering to them honourable terms.
Sir Thomas Glemham, the governor, desired a safeconduct for sir John Mounson and Mr. Philip Warwick to come to the general to speak with him from sir Thomas Glemham first, which was assented to ; and the same day a summons was sent to Wallingford, Bostol, and Radcot.
13. An ordinance sent to the lords, enabling the lord L'Isle, lieutenant of Ireland, to beat up drums to raise six thousand foot and eight hundred and fifty horse for Ireland; another, for money for the forces there.
A letter for sir Thomas Fairfax to spare a hundred horse for recruits for colonel Jephson; and referred to consider how
fortSnd ^ ^ ministlT miSht be ^ttled in Ireland; and that JGOO/., given by a gentleman for the service of Ireland, should be em- ployed for maintenance for ministers there.
theaeom °f Reasons given b? the commons to the lords why they ad-
mon™m" hered to their v°tes for demanding the king's person : that m England the disposal of him belonged to the parliament of England, and that the Scots army were in pay of the parlia- ment of England; that the king ought to be near his parlia- ment, and it was consonant to the covenant.
The Scots commissioners here presented papers to the house touching stay of their packets of letters the last week.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 21
Another letter agreed on to be sent to the prince, further A letter to inviting him to come in to the parliament's quarters, with the prmce* offers of due respects befitting a prince.
Letters that major-general Mitton fell upon the lord Byron at Carmarthen, beat them out of the town into the castle.
Letters of Dudley-castle being surrendered to sir William Brereton upon articles; which were sent up to the parliament, and approved by them.
14. A letter of thanks to the commissioners at Newark, for their care in that business, and in demolishing the works of the town.
Debate of the Scots commissioners' papers, touching the seizing of their packet at the court of guard ; and the speaker Scots was ordered to deliver to them a paper, enclosed in their papers' packet, which was in characters, and no subscription to it, nor superscription.
Debate touching the Scots commissioners' papers about the propositions for peace, and what interest Scotland had in the affairs of England in relation unto peace; and some votes passed thereupon.
The Scots commissioners failed to meet with the English commissioners in the north, about the delivering up Mr. Ash- burnham.
Sir John Mounson and Mr. Warwick, who came from the governor of Oxford to sir Thomas Fairfax, desired only li- berty for the governor to send to the king, to know his plea- sure touching the surrender of Oxford; which the general denied. Next day, a trumpet was sent to the general, to de- sire longer time. Wallingford' also desired leave to send to the king, but it was denied.
News came that prince Rupert made a sally out of Oxford, but was beaten back, and himself wounded in the shoulder.
15. Debate about the Scots papers concerning the proposi- tions for peace.
Order for the arrears of major Matthews. The general muster put off.
The high- sheriff of Devon empowered to bring forth his regiment out of his county.
The ordinance continued for the Isle of Wight. Allowance ordered to the marquis of Winton.
16. Some of the common-council came to the house, and
22 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
desired the general muster might not be wholly put off; upon which the house revoked their last order about the muster, and set a day for it, and informed the militia that both houses would be present at it.
Order for the safe keeping and disposing of the princess Henrietta, and for all things fitting for her person.
Order for a declaration to take off scandals and jealousies of the parliament's proceedings.
Conference about the votes touching the demand of the king's person ; and the lords desired reparation about some words spoken by a member of the house of commons at the last conference touching this business.
The king was at Lumley-castle, three miles from Newcastle.
Letters from the leaguer before Oxford certified that a treaty was begun about the surrender of Oxford. 206 18. Progress in the business of the church.
Ordinance passed for 8oo/. per annum to bishop Morton of Duresme.
A petition from major-general Massey put off.
The commissioners of the excise continued.
Passed in the afternoon by the commons, for compositions of delinquents, near twenty ordinances.
Intelligence came of the king's coming into Newcastle, but without any solemnity, and lay at general Leven' s quarters. General Proclamation made by general Leven, that no papists or ^odama delinquents be permitted to come to the king, tion. Upon a letter from the English commissioners, another
proclamation, that all do conform to the orders and ordinances of parliament.
General Leven forbids all compliance of his officers and soldiers with any malignants.
The estates of Scotland forbid any to go out of that king- dom without a pass.
19. Reasons given in the house why Mr. Ashburnham could not be delivered up according to the order of parliament, and complaints of the Scots forces quartering in Yorkshire.
Voted, that this kingdom had no further need of the army of their brethren the Scots in this kingdom; and that ioo,ooo/. should be raised and paid to the Scots army, 50,000^. thereof after they shall have surrendered Newcastle, Carlisle, and all other English garrisons possessed by them, and the other
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 23
50,ooo/. to be paid to them after their advance into the king- dom of Scotland.
Order to desire the Scots commissioners in London to give in the accounts of their army, that the arrears may be audited and paid.
Both houses went into Hyde-park to see the general muster.
Hartlebury-castle was surrendered to colonel Morgan upon articles.
20. The speaker ordered to give a pass for six horses for the prince of Orange.
Supply of ammunition for garrisons.
Progress upon the propositions for peace, and to sit daily till it were finished.
Letters of the surrender of Ludlow to colonel Birch and colonel Mack worth.
21. Wholly spent about the business of the church. Letters informed that the treaty went on for the surrender
of Oxford.
22. Colonel Eich brought letters to the house from the general, giving an account of the demands for the surrender of Oxford, which were very high, and so esteemed by the house; who writ a letter of thanks to the general for his care, and desired him to proceed in the business for the reducing of Oxford.
The copy of the instructions to the commissioners from Oxford, to treat about the surrender of it, sent up.
23. Order for the sergeant-at-arms to fetch up from New- castle Mr. Hudson, one of the persons that conveyed the king into the Scots army, who was said to confess that his majesty was near London upon the day that the general muster should have been.
Progress in the business of the church.
The houses differed upon some amendments of an ordinance for Ely- house for the sergeant-at-arms.
The Oxford commissioners for the treaty of surrender in- sisted upon liberty to send to the king, wherein sir Thomas Fairfax would not resolve, and in the meantime the treaty was adjourned for two or three days, yet both sides prepared for war : great guns came from Reading, and they shot from the garrison at those in the leaguer, but little hurt was done.
Colonel Whaly coming before Worcester, colonel Morgan
24 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
drew further off; and the garrison sallied out upon colonel Whaly, who beat them back, and took eight prisoners.
Captain Batten summoned Pendennis-castle to surrender to the parliament.
25. Order for the princess Henrietta to be brought to St. James's, and provision to be made there for her answerable to her quality; and Richmond was appointed for the prince's residence, if he shall come in.
A letter A letter from the king to both houses expressed that his
kin™ the majesty was not come into the Scots army out of any intent
to divide the kingdoms in affection, or prolong the war, but
to secure his person, and labour to compose the differences
between him and his kingdoms, and settle all well.
He desired that religion might be first insisted on, and set- tled according to the advice of the assembly of divines of both kingdoms.
For the militia, he was willing to concur with that pro- pounded at Uxbridge.
For Ireland, he will do what he can to satisfy desires of that kind.
That for surrender of the garrisons in his hands, he hath given order for Oxford to be surrendered, and will do the like for the rest ; and is willing that all forces may be disbanded, and that the debts of the nation should be paid.
Another He sent another letter to the commissioners of the parlia- ment of Scotland, professing his intention to settle peace, and give them satisfaction ; and that he hath written to all that have commissions from him in Scotland, to disband their forces and to render their garrisons ; and professeth his reso- lution to give all just satisfaction to the joint desires of both kingdoms, and to comply with both parliaments ; and for the expression of their loyal intentions towards him he returns them hearty thanks,
He acquaints them that he hath written to the governor of Oxford to quit that garrison upon honourable conditions, and disband those forces ; and that being granted, he will give the like order to his other garrisons and forces. He desires this letter may be published, with a proclamation, in Scotland. A letter to He also wrote another letter to the city of London, com- plimenting them, and acquainting them with his letters to the parliaments of both kingdoms.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 25
Ashburnham escaped from Newcastle before the deputy of the sergeant-at-arms came thither for him, and another mes- senger was sent thither for Hudson.
26. Debate about the Irish business, and supplies thither, and the arrears of the lord Inchequin and lord Broghil.
A remonstrance from the lord mayor, aldermen, arid com- Remon mon-council of London was presented to both houses, desir- froSTth ing a strict course for suppressing all private and separate con- city- gregations.
That all anabaptists, heretics, and sectaries, &c , as con- formed not to the public discipline, may be declared and pro- ceeded against.
That all may be required to obey the government settled, or to be settled.
That none disaffected to the presbyterian government may be employed in any place of public trust.
That the propositions for peace may be hastened.
That the union may be preserved between the two nations, 207 and all jealousies removed.
That the privilege of parliament may be so qualified that men may recover their debts.
That the public revenues may be employed to public use, and the taxes of the city abated.
That the compositions of delinquents may be employed to pay the debts owing to the city and citizens.
That Plymouth duty may be taken off.
That the committee at HaberdashersVhall may be dis- solved.
That the reducing of Ireland may be considered.
That the letter of the parliament of Scotland to this city may be returned.
That the city may enjoy the militia as it was presented at Uxbridge treaty.
That Quatermaine may be punished for his affront to this city.
That the lord mayor may be vindicated.
That none of their expressions in this remonstrance may be interpreted as charging any thing upon any members of the house, or intrenching upon their privileges, and profess their readiness to serve the parliament.
The lords returned answer, acknowledging the great ser-
26 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
vices and merit of the city, and giving them thanks for the testimony of their duty and good affections.
Answer of The commons had a long debate upon this petition; many expressed great offence at it, and that the city should now prescribe to the parliament what to do ; and many sober men were unsatisfied with this action of the city, and looked upon it as wholly a design of the presbyterian party, and it was not liked.
Of the They came at last to this answer, that the house had de-
ms> bated their remonstrance and petition, and would take it into consideration in convenient time.
A committee appointed to receive an information of im- portance from a member of the house.
The king sent orders to the marquis of Montrose to dis- band his forces.
Lieutenant- colonel Cottes worth was slain by a shot from Oxford.
A pass was desired for the lady Aubigney to go forth of Oxford, but was denied.
Radcot-house was surrendered to the general.
Colonel Whaly besieged Worcester, and Colonel Morgan besieged Ragland-castle.
27. The monthly fast-day.
A petition from the ministers of Essex, &c. that church- government might be settled ; answered, that it was in con- sideration.
°rder to revive a committee f°r examination of divulging and maintaining heresies.
28. The lords passed an ordinance for taking away the abuse and delay in writs of error.
A conference about the disposal of the princess Henrietta . Debate about compositions of delinquents, and many ordi- nances passed the house for them.
29. A long report and debate touching the transactions between the parliament's commissioners and the Scots before Newark.
The king's letter to the governor of Oxford, to surrender that garrison upon honourable terms, was read, and voted unsatisfactory, and not to be sent.
Some sallies were made out of Worcester upon the be- siegers, but they were driven back.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 27
Sir Trevor Williams fell upon the Ragland horse at Uske, killed about sixteen of them, and took twenty prisoners, and the next day he seized upon eighty of the king's horse as they were grazing under the castle- wall : the garrison burnt the greatest part of Ragland town. The forces before it, of colonel Morgan, major-general Langherne, and sir Trevor Williams, were in all about five thousand.
30. A further report from the commissioners who resided in the Scots army before Newark, of their transactions with the Scots, and of several papers and petitions, and of divers complaints against some of the Scots forces for plunderings and misdemeanors of the Scots, and proof thereof by wit- nesses examined.
The house approved what the commissioners had done, and gave them thanks for their good service herein, and or- dered a committee to peruse those papers, petitions, and examinations, and to make a full report thereof, and touch- ing the Scots' surrender of the English garrisons in their hands.
Thus the matter of discontent began to increase betwixt Discon- the two kingdoms : the presbyterian party here sought, as far en s' as modestly they could, to support the interest of their bre- thren of Scotland : others did not spare to aggravate mat- ters against them: the general was much inclined to the presbyterians : Cromwell and his party were no friends to their designs of conformity, but carried their business with much privacy and subtilty.
The house proceeded upon the propositions for peace, and voted to have the militia in the hands of both houses of par- liament, not complying with what the king desired therein.
Many sober men and lovers of peace were earnest to have Aversion complied, as far as in safety they might, with what the king proposed from Newcastle, but the major vote of the house was contrary, and for the most part the new elected mem- bers took in with those who were averse to a compliance with that which his majesty propounded, and their number swayed very much upon the questions.
On the Lord's day good preaching and praying was in this time in request : may it never be otherwise !
1. Letters of the sufferings of the northern parts by June 1646. the Scots army, who instead of 8oco£. per mensem have
28 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
charged 9,000^. a month, and the refusers, or persons not able to pay, are plundered and cruelly used, referred to a com- mittee to state the matter to the house.
They desired the lords' concurrence to their former vote, that this kingdom hath no further need of the Scots army.
A paper from the Scots commissioners here, desiring pre- sent moneys for their army, auditing of their accounts, and payment of their arrears, referred to a committee to draw an answer to it.
Progress upon the propositions for peace.
The general sent honourable conditions to the governor of Oxford, who desired a day or two to consider of them : the general had all things ready for a storm.
Charles Fort was surrendered to colonel Weld en for the parliament upon articles. 208 Major-general Mitton besieged Caernarvon, Denbigh, Flint,
and Holt castles.
Counter 2. An humble acknowledgment and petition of many thou-
fronfthe sands of London was presented to the house, setting forth
city- the power of parliaments, and the labours and successes of
the present parliament, which causeth the more opposition
against them.
Prays them to proceed in managing the affairs of the king- dom according to their own best wisdoms and the trust reposed in them, and to punish delinquents, and procure peace.
And that they would never suffer the freeborn people of this kingdom to be enslaved, upon what pretence soever, nor any other to share with the parliament, or to prescribe to them in the government or power of this nation.
That the petitioners will stand by the parliament with their lives and fortunes.
This was a counter petition to the former from the city, and now the designs were to make divisions, arms beginning to fail.
The petitioners were called in, and had thanks for their good affections.
Ludlow-castle was surrendered to the parliament.
Progress in the business of the church.
Hudson escaped from Newcastle; the French agent was busy there.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 29
3. Order for pay for the garrison of Henley.
Orders for money for Reading and Abington garrisons. The ordinance for church government sent up to the lords. Referred to the committee of both kingdoms to consider what garrisons are fit to be demolished.
4. Progress upon the propositions for peace,, and both houses agreed to trust London with their own militia.
Colonel Rossiter was called into the house, and had thanks for his good services.
The treaty proceeded for the surrender of Oxford.
5. The ordinance passed both houses for the church govern- ment.
Ammunition ordered for the forces at Monmouth, and money.
Divers ordinances passed the house of commons for com- positions of delinquents.
6. Order for the commissioners of excise to pay io,coo/. a month for the northern forces.
A declaration ordered to be drawn of the misdemeanors, Declaration
plunderings, and cruelties of the Scots army, and their re-
fusal to surrender the English garrisons, and to undeceive the people, touching a book of the lieutenant of the Scots army, justifying their proceedings, and to draw the affections of the English to the Scots.
Sir Robert King brought letters from Ireland to the house; Letters one from the king to the marquis of Ormond, to be commu- ki°™ nicated in Ireland, to this effect :
That his majesty having sent many messages and propositions for peace to the parliament, received either no answer, or such as shows their intentions to ruin him and monarchy itself, and a refusal of what formerly themselves desired but to have.
That hereupon, having received good security that he and all that would adhere to him should be safe in their persons, honours, and consciences, in the Scots army, who would join with the king and his forces in procuring a happy peace and his rights, he resolved to put himself into that army, and to use the best means, by conjunction of them with the forces of the marquis of Montrose and his friends in England and Ireland, to endeavour the settling of a good peace.
The treaty proceeded for the surrender of Oxford : the general had nineteen thousand three hundred men in his army.
30 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
8. Mr. Hudson, one of the king's guides to the Scots army, was discovered at Rochester coming to London, and appre- hended.
Papers from the Scots commissioners here touching the king's letters to the marquis of Ormond, whereof they say they had no knowledge nor hand in it, ordered to be consi- dered at a set day.
Ordinance for icool. a month for the garrison of Henley.
Bostall-house was surrendered to the parliament upon articles.
A letter of thanks to the general, and order for thanks- giving to God for the several late successes.
9. Votes, that the king in going to the Scots army in- tended to prolong the war against the parliament in England, and to make a difference between the two kingdoms.
That there should be a declaration, to set forth the jea- lousies and fears, and the grounds thereof this kingdom had, to be presented to the states of Scotland and their commis- sioners here.
Order for the execution of the ordinance for church go- vernment.
Letters intercepted going to Oxford to encourage them to hold out, and that the king was in the Scots army.
Recruits came out of Scotland to the army at Newcastle.
The lord Byron surrendered Caernarvon- castle to major- general Mitton upon articles.
Letters and papers read of transactions between the mar- quis of Worcester and the committee of Monmouth, and lieutenant-general Morgan and his lordship, for the surrender of Ragland-castle, which Morgan by command of sir Thomas Fairfax summoned, and the marquis desired liberty to send to the king to know his pleasure, which Morgan denied, alleging that the king was in the army of the Scots our friends, who had proclaimed that none formerly in arms against the parliament should be admitted to any conference with him. The marquis resolved to stand it out to the ut- termost.
10. Order for circuits to be gone, and the commissioners of the seal to appoint judges.
Messages between the two houses about the reception of the Russia ambassador, and about an house for him.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 31
11. Several orders in private matters.
Colonel Glyn voted to be governor of Caernarvon castle.
The garrison of Bostall-house marched out, and left four brass pieces and one iron gun, store of provisions and ammu- nition.
12. A ship was taken with ammunition and provisions for relief of Pendennis- castle, and divers letters intercepted in her.
Some of the sheriffs and common-council of London came 209 to the house, gave them thanks for their unwearied labours, and desired that in any act or propositions care might be taken of the rights and privileges of the city ; and were an- swered, that the house have been and ever will be tender of the rights and privileges of the city.
Order concerning an honourable reception of the Russia Russia am- ambassador. bassador-
13. The Russia ambassador solemnly received, and deli- vered his message for unity between the two nations, and con- cerning trade.
The judges were appointed in the several circuits, and the commissioners of the seal ordered to issue forth commissions and warrants requisite for that purpose.
The order for church government published, and ordered to be put in execution.
Two hundred sallied out of Farington-house, fell upon the guards; but the parliament forces wounded their commander, major Hen, and took him prisoner, killed two lieutenants and five others, took four horses, forty brown bills, and forced the rest into the house again, and lost but four men.
15. Letters from Ireland informed of a great defeat given to the protestant forces in Ireland by the Irish rebels. The house ordered several supplies for those forces, and ordered five thousand foot and fifteen hundred horse to be provided for that service.
Referred to the committee of Ireland to dispose of the forces under major-general Massey for the Irish service, and the rest to be disbanded : the like for other forces in several counties.
Complaint of the mayor and others of Derby against some of the soldiers of that garrison, upon his commitment of four
32 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
of them for sheepstealing : the house ordered those forces to be disposed of for Ireland, and that garrison to be dismantled.
The Scots forces in Ulster marched out of their garrisons, under major-general Monro, to fall upon the rebels : all of them were about five thousand foot and eleven troops of horse. They were informed that the rebels had eight regi- ments of foot and twelve troops of horse, completely armed : but the Scots would not believe it, nor valued it; but the Bri- tish forces marched after them.
Scots de- The rebels drew up in good order, in a place of advantage, Irish rebels, and set divers ambuscados; the British horse drew up so near them that they were galled, and retired : their ambus- cados made the protestants retire ; and after some hours hot dispute the rebels prevailed ; near five hundred of the pro- testants killed, taken, and routed; five field pieces with all the ammunition and baggage lost, and about five thousand foot arms, and most of the officers killed and taken.
The lord Montgomery and lord Blaney taken: the lord Conwey's son had two horses killed, yet mounted on a third, and escaped : many horses lost and men wounded. Letters Letters from the king to both houses of parliament, to the
king. th' same effect as formerly :
That the propositions for peace be hastened to him. That he may come to London with safety, freedom, and honour; where he resolves to comply with the houses in what shall be most for the good of his subjects.
That he will disband his garrisons, as by the enclosed war- rant appears, only upon honourable conditions; and will send for the prince.
Scot™ the PaPers came from the Scots commissioners to the parlia- ment with these letters, and very fair expressions in them, pursuant to the covenant; and that they had persuaded the king, since his coming to their army, to give satisfaction to his subjects; and they hope such propositions will speedily be sent to his majesty as may settle religion and peace in both kingdoms, and they shall willingly depart home.
Another paper was a copy of that which the committee of estates presented to the king, desiring that the prince might not go beyond seas.
16. Progress about the propositions for peace : they agreed
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVT. 33
that the militia should be in both houses of parliament for twenty years.
Letters informed that the Scots persuaded the king to take the covenant.
The articles were almost all agreed for the surrender of Oxford.
17. A letter from the king to the prince intercepted, and A letter to read in the houses, and was to this effect: to tell him the prince*
That he had written to his mother about him, and would have him to obey her in all things except religion. Debate about the militia. Ordinance for a collection for the poor of Abington.
18. The examinations and confession of Mr. Hudson, one of the guides that led the king to the Scots army, were read, and referred to the committee ; who are to draw up the de- claration to be presented to the king and to the estates of Scotland : and the committee was ordered to proceed further in these examinations.
Hudson said, that the king crossed the country, was at The king's Henley, Harrow-on-the-Hill, and at Brentford, and almost j?ra0s^afjx_ persuaded to come to London; and then he went to St. Al- ford to the ban's, and so to Harborough, where the French agent was to Sc have met him with some horse, but came not ; from thence the king went to Stamford, from thence to Downham in Nor- folk, where he lay at a petty alehouse. That he passed some- times by the name of Hudson's tutor, sometimes Doctor, and sometimes as Ashburnham's servant.
Order for the speaker to write to the Scots commissioners for an answer to the last letter of the parliament.
A petition of the committee of Wilts, of the robberies and cruelties of the forces under major-general Massey quartered in those parts, so that none could travel nor remain in their houses with safety.
A letter ordered for sir Thomas Fairfax to suppress them. This is another misery of war, even in the conclusion, as was hoped, of it. Idleness caused insolence in the soldiers, there- fore the house ordered them for Ireland.
A petition of Newbury, of their sufferings by the war, re- ferred to the committee of the three counties, to consider of a way for their relief.
WHITELOCK, VOL. II. D
34 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
Supplies for garrisons ; and an order for captain Batten to be governor of Holy Island.
20. The earl of Ormondes quartermaster, with divers letters and papers about him, was apprehended in London, and a com- mittee named to examine him, and to peruse the papers. Oppres- A difference between the committee of Kent and the corn- commit- mittee for the prince elector referred to the committee of tees. lords and commons for sequestrations; and debate about com- mittees in general, and the oppressions and illegalities of some of them referred to a committee to consider of restrain- ing them.
Progress upon propositions for the peace. News came that the prince was in France.
210 The treaty for the surrender of Oxford was agreed. Far- rington was willing to surrender upon the same terms with Oxford, but Wallingford still held out. Two of sir Thomas Fairfax's commissioners went into Oxford to see the governor and council there, to sign the articles, and two from them came to sir Thomas Fairfax to see him sign them; which were as followeth :
Articles of agreement, concluded and agreed on by his excellency sir Thomas Fairfax, knight, general of the forces raised by the parlia- ment, on the one party ; and the right honourable sir Richard Lane, knight, lord keeper of the great seal of England, Francis lord Cot- tington, lord high treasurer of England, William marquis of Hert- ford, Edward earl of Dorset, lord chamberlain of his majesty's ho- nourable household, Thomas earl of Southampton, Francis earl of Chicjiester, Francis lord Seymour, sir Edward Nicholas, knight, one of his majesty's principal secretaries of state, all of them being of his majesty's most honourable privy -council, and sir Thomas Glemham, knight,^., governor of Oxford, on the other party ; for and concern- ing the rendering of the garrison of Oxford, as followeth : I. That the garrison of Oxford, with the castle, forts, mounts, and places of defence whatsoever, with all the ordnance, arms, ammuni- tion, and provisions of war, with all magazines and stores thereunto ongmg excepting what is allowed in the ensuing articles, shall b dehvere to the general sir Thomas Fairfax, or thorn he shall Sof tf WilTfUl SPOU " embezzl— ', «P°n Wednesday, the
24 h of thl8 instant June, at ten of the dock .n the ^ ^ y
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 35
II. That his highness the duke of York shall have an honourable convoy to London, where other of his majesty's children are, at- tended by his officers and servants, and fitting accommodation for the removal of his household and goods thither; and shall have an honourable provision, befitting his dignity, appointed for him by the parliament; and to remain there until his majesty's pleasure be known touching his settling there or elsewhere, and then to be dis- posed accordingly to any place within fourscore miles of London ; and shall have such officers and servants to continue about him as the parliament shall approve.
III. That their highnesses prince Rupert and prince Maurice shall have liberty and passes for themselves, with their servants, horses, arms, and goods, (the number of their horses for them and their train not exceeding seventy,) to repair to any place within fifty miles of London, (so it be not within twenty miles of London, without leave from the parliament, nor in any garrison,) and there to abide for the space of six months after the rendering, free from any mo- lestation by imposition of oaths or otherwise ; and shall have passes to go beyond the sea at any time within the said six months, with their said servants, horses, arms, and goods, they engaging them- selves, upon their honours, not to use the liberty hereby granted in the meantime to any hostility against the parliament of England sitting at Westminster, or any way wilfully to the prejudice of their affairs ; and they are to have the benefit of such the ensuing articles as may concern them.
IV. That the seals called the great seal, privy seal, the signet, and the seals of the king's bench, exchequer, court of wards, duchy, ad- miralty, and prerogative, as also the sword of state, shall, at such time and in the presence of two such persons as the general sir Thomas Fairfax shall appoint, be locked up in a chest, and left in the public library. And if any of the forenamed particulars shall not be then accordingly produced, the default thereof shall not be charged upon any other person than such as hath the custody thereof, or shall wilfully detain or embezzle the same.
V. That sir Thomas Glemham, knight, &c., governor of Oxford, March with his servants, and all that to him belongs, and all officers and soldiers of horse and foot, and of the train of artillery, (as well re- formed officers and soldiers as others,) with their servants, and all that pertains unto them,- shall march out of the city of Oxford, with their horses and complete arms that properly belong unto them, proportionable to their present or past commands, flying colours, trumpets sounding, drums beating, matches lighted at both ends, bullet in their mouths, and every soldier to have twelve charges of
D 2
36 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
powder, match, and bullet proportionable, and with bag and bag- gage, to any place within fifteen miles of Oxford which the governor shall choose ; where such of the common soldiers as desire to go to their own homes or friends shall lay down their arms, which shall be delivered up to such as the general sir Thomas Fairfax shall appoint to receive them. And all officers and soldiers, as well reformed as others, that shall desire to go to their homes or friends, shall have the general's pass and protection for their peaceable repair to and abode at the several places they shall so desire to go unto, and shall have free quarter allowed them in all their march from Oxford to those several places. The officers, as well reformed as others, to pass with equipage of horses and complete arms, answerable to their present or past commands, and common troopers with their horses and swords only, and all to pass with bag and baggage as aforesaid : and that all other officers and soldiers (in case there be any such) that shall desire to take entertainment from any foreign kingdom or state, shall have free quarter allowed them for twenty-eight days, from their march out of Oxford, and shall have passes for their officers, not exceeding ten, with their horses and two servants apiece,
. t0 g° t0 L°ndon' to treat with anv foreiSn ambassador or agent for entertainment; and all of them shall have liberty and passes to march (the officers with their complete arms and horses proportion- able to their present or past command, and the common soldiers with their arms, and all with bag and baggage) to the quarters near to Harwich or to Portsmouth, or any port between them, to be transported : which arms (except officers' complete arms and horses, and swords for the common soldiers, which they may transport) they shall there lay down, and deliver to such as the general shall ap. point, or unto the governor of the next garrison belonging unto the parliament; who shall take care for their safety during their abode there, and until shipping can be provided and weather seasonable they paying for their quarter after the said twenty-eight days ex- pired, and shall assist them for procuring vessels and shipping for their transportation, at the usual rates accustomed for freight; the officers and soldiers and others, before transportation, engaging themselves, by promise, not to return into this kingdom in hostility aga nst the parliament in bodies as they go, or in conjunction with ther forces, or m command of any forces invading this kingdom; and no oath or any other engagement of this or the like nature, to "^ tra-P-tation, imposed upon
d-ing their said
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 37
And it is declared, that those of the three auxiliary regiments, consisting of gentlemen and their servants, scholars, citizens, and inhabitants, who are not properly of the garrison in pay, and such reformed officers and soldiers who shall not be willling to march forth, shall not be forced to march out upon this article, but shall have the benefit of the following articles to remove or remain in Oxford, and in all things else which may concern them : and those also who shall march forth shall have the benefit of the ensuing articles in all things, except for remaining in Oxford.
VI. That the governor shall be allowed and assisted in the pro- Carts, curing a sufficient number of carts, teams, and boats, and other necessaries for the carrying away all goods allowed in these articles belonging to any officers or persons of quality now residing in the garrison, they paying the accustomed rates, and that such persons as cannot presently, through want of carriages or otherwise, convey them away, shall be assisted with carriages at any time within three months for the disposing thereof.
VII. That no officer or soldier, nor any person whatsoever, com- Reproach, prised in this capitulation, shall be reproached, or have any disgraceful speeches or affronts offered to them, or be stopped, plundered, or injured in their march, rendezvous, or quarters, journeys, or places
of abode ; and if any such thing shall fall out, satisfaction shall be given at the judgment of any two or more of the commissioners, they being equal in number of each party ; nor shall the persons aforesaid be enticed, nor any of them be compelled to take up arms Arms, against the king, nor be imprisoned, restrained, sued, or molested Sued. for any matter or cause whatsoever, be it of public or private interest, before the rendering of the garrison, during six months after the rendering thereof. And if any officer, soldier, or person be sick or Sick. wounded, that they cannot at present enjoy the benefit of these articles, that such persons shall have liberty to stay until they be recovered, and fit accommodation and substance shall be provided for them during their stay, and then to enjoy the benefit of these articles.
VIII. That all horses, arms, money, and other goods whatsoever, Prize, taken as lawful prize of war, before or during the siege and now remaining in the city, be continued in the possession of the present possessors.
IX. That these articles shall extend to the use and benefit of all Strangers, strangers of any foreign kingdom or state residing within this garrison, together with their wives, children, servants, horses, arms, goods, money, and debts.
X. That all persons included in these articles, without exception Remains.
38 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
of any, (other than the soldiers which are to march out upon the fifth article,) shall have liberty, during the space of three months after rendering the garrison, either to remain in Oxford, or to remove themselves, with their families, goods, horses, and all things that properly belong unto them, or to their disposal. And all noblemen, gentlemen, and persons of quality, with their arms and other equi- page, to their houses or friends, without any prejudice to their friends for receiving them.
Sequestra- xi. That all lords, gentlemen, clergymen, officers, soldiers, and all other persons in Oxford, or comprised in this capitulation, who have estates real or personal, under or liable to sequestrations ac- cording to ordinance of parliament, and shall desire to compound for them, (except persons by name excepted by ordinance of parlia- ment from pardon,) shall at any time within six months after rendering the garrison of Oxford be admitted to compound for their estates, which composition shall not exceed two years' revenue for estates of inheritance, and for estates for lives,, years, and other real and personal estates, shall not exceed the proportion aforesaid for inheritances according to the value of them. And that all per- sons aforesaid, whose dwelling houses are sequestered, (except before excepted,) may after the rendering of the garrison repair to them, and there abide, convenient time being allowed to such as are placed there under the sequestrations for their removal. And it is agreed that all the profits and revenues arising out of their estates after the day of entering their names as compounders, shall remain in the hands of the tenants or occupiers, to be answered to the com- pounders when they have perfected their agreements for their compositions. And that they shall have liberty, and the general pass and protection for their peaceable repair to and abode at their several houses or friends, and to go to London to attend their com- positions, or elsewhere upon their necessary occasions, with freedom
Oaths. of their persons from oaths, engagements, and molestations during the space of six months : and after, so long as they prosecute their compositions, without wilful default or neglect on their part, except an engagement by promise not to bear arms against the parliament, nor wilfully to do any act prejudicial to their affairs so long as they remain in their quarters. And it is further agreed, that from and after their compositions made they shall be forthwith restored to and enjoy their estates, and all other immunities, as other subjects, together with the rents and profits, from the time of entering their names, discharged of sequestrations, and from fifths and twentieth parts, and other payments and impositions, except such as shall be general and common to them with others.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 39
XII. That no lords, gentlemen, clergymen, scholars, officers, soldiers, citizens, nor any other persons included in this capitulation, (except the persons mentioned before to be excepted from pardon,)
shall be molested or questioned for any thing said or done, in or Said or concerning this war, or relating to the unhappy differences between done' his majesty and the parliament, they submitting to composition, as in the precedent article ; and that the persons before mentioned to Excepted be excepted from pardon shall have the benefit of this article during persons* the space of six months from the rendering of the garrison, and 21 2 after, if they be admitted to and agree for their compositions.
XIII. That the persons mentioned before to be excepted from Excepted pardon shall have liberty, and the general's pass and protection, fOrpersons< themselves, families, horses, goods, and all things that properly belong unto them now in Oxford, to go unto and abide at their
own houses, or their friends, for the space of six months after the rendering of the garrison : and within that time to repair unto London, to endeavour compositions for their estates, and indemnity of their persons, and to make their peace : and if they cannot obtain it, shall have passes to go beyond the seas at any time within the said six months ; and that no other engagement shall be put upon them, save by promise not to bear arms against the parliament, nor wilfully to do any act prejudicial to their affairs, so long as they remain in their quarters.
XIV. That the chancellor, masters, and scholars of the university University, of Oxford, and the governors and students of Christ Church, of king
Henry the VHIth's foundation, and all other heads and governors, masters, fellows, and scholars of the colleges, halls, and bodies corporate and societies of the same university, and the public pro- fessors and readers, and the orators thereof, and all other persons belonging to the said university, or to any colleges or halls therein, shall and may, according to their statutes, charters, and customs, enjoy their ancient form of government subordinate to the imme- diate authority and power of parliament : and that all the rights, privileges, franchises, lands, tenements, houses, possessions, rents, revenues, hereditaments, libraries, debts, goods, and chattels belong- ing to the said university, or to Christ Church, or to any colleges or halls in the said university, (except such rents and revenues as have been already taken and received by ordinance of parliament,) shall be enjoyed by them respectively as aforesaid, free from sequestra- tions, fines, taxes, and all other molestations whatsoever, for or under colour of any thing whatsoever relating to this present war, or to the unhappy differences between his majesty and the parlia- ment. And that all churches, chapels, colleges, halls, libraries,
40 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
schools, and public buildings within or belonging to the city or university, or to Christ Church, or the several colleges or halls thereof, shall be preserved from defacing and spoil. And if any removal shall be made by the parliament of any head, or other members of the university, Christ Church, colleges or halls, that those so removed shall enjoy their profits during the space of six months after the rendering of Oxford, and shall have convenient time allowed them for the removal of themselves and their goods from their lodgings : provided that this shall not extend to retard any reformation there intended by the parliament., nor give them any liberty to intermeddle in the government.
XV. That the mayor, bailiffs, and commonalty, and all corpora- tions within the city, shall enjoy their ancient government,, and their charters, customs, franchises, liberties, lands, goods, and debts, and all things else whatsoever which belong to them as corporations subordinate to the immediate authority and power of parliament ; and shall not be molested or questioned by colour of any thing before the rendering of this garrison, done or ordered by them in the capacity of corporations, relating to the differences between his majesty and the parliament.
XVI. That the citizens and inhabitants of the city shall not be charged with free quarter, or billet of soldiers, other than for lodging, except in urgent time of necessity, and that to be ordered and dis- posed by the advice of the mayor or his deputy, and that in all public taxes they shall be charged proportionably with the county ; and that no scholar, citizen, or inhabitant in the university and city of Oxford shall be troubled or questioned for taking up arms in the garrison by express command, during the time it was a garrison, for the defence thereof : and that the scholars, citizens, and inhabitants shall have the benefit of this capitulation in all things that may con- cern them.
XVII. That no officer, soldier, or other person, who by the articles are to march out of the city or suburbs, or to march in, shall plunder, spoil, or injure any scholar, citizen, or inhabitant, or other person in Oxford, in their persons, goods, or estates, or carry away any thing that is properly belonging to any of them.
XVIII. That all ladies, gentlewomen, and other women now in Oxford, whose husbands or friends are absent from thence, may have passes and protections for themselves, servants, and goods, to go to and remain at the houses of their husbands, or at their friends, as they shall desire; and to go or send to London or elsewhere to obtain the allowances out of their husbands' or parents' estates allotted them by ordinance of parliament.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 41
XIX. That such of his majesty's household servants who shall King's ser- desire to go to his majesty, may have free liberty and passes to go va accordingly at any time within one month next after the rendering
of the garrison. And that his majesty's householdstuff, and other his peculiar goods which are now in Oxford, may be carried to his majesty's house at Hampton-Court, and his servants, under whose charge or custody any of them are, shall be allowed and assisted in the procuring of carts, boats, and carriages for the removal of them thither, and there to remain till his majesty shall otherwise dispose of them, and then to be sent or disposed accordingly. And that such of his majesty's servants who are not able for the present to go unto him, shall have liberty, passes, and protections to go to and remain at his majesty's said house at Hampton- Court, and have liberty to attend the committee for his majesty's revenues, to pro- cure a competent allowance out of his majesty's revenue for their subsistence, until his majesty shall otherwise provide for or dispose of them.
XX. That all clergymen now in Oxford, who shall not, upon Clergymen, composition or otherwise, be restored to their church livings, shall
have liberty to go to London to obtain some fitting allowance for the livelihood of themselves and their families.
XXI. That it is intended, declared, and agreed, that all persons comprised within these articles shall peaceably and quietly enjoy Enjoy all their goods, debts, and moveables allowed by these articles during goods, the space of six months after rendering the garrison : and that they
shall be free from all oaths, engagements, and molestations, except Free from an engagement by promise not to bear arms against the parliament, oatlls- nor wilfully do any act prejudicial to their affairs, so long as they remain in their quarters : and that they shall have liberty within the space of six months (in case they should be resolved to go beyond seas) to dispose of their goods, debts, and moveables, allowed by these articles, and depart the kingdom, if they shall think fit : and to have passes for their transportation ; or otherwise to stay in the kingdom.
XXII. That if any of these articles shall in any point be broken 2 13 or violated by any person or persons in Oxford, or comprised within this capitulation, the fault and punishment shall be upon him or them only who made the breach or violation, and shall not be im- puted to or charged upon any other not assenting thereunto, or not
an actor in it.
XXIII. That the duke of Richmond, the earl of Lindsey, and Duke of their servants that came forth with them, shall enjoy the benefit of 1 these articles in whatsoever may concern them.
42 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
Farington. XXIV. That the garrison of Farington shall be rendered to his excellency sir Thomas Fairfax, and the governor, gentlemen, sol- diers, and all other of what quality soever within those garrisons, shall enjoy the benefit of these articles in every particular which may concern them, they rendering the garrison accordingly as Ox- ford.
Certificate. XXV. That all persons comprised in these articles shall (upon request) have a certificate under the hand of his excellency sir Tho- mas Fairfax, or the future governor of the city, that such persons were in the city at the time of the surrender thereof, and are to have the benefit of these articles.
Messengers XXVI. That the general, sir Thomas Fairfax, shall give a pass
to the king. ^ ong or twQ messengers wjth their servants, to go unto the king to give him an account of the proceedings upon this treaty and conclusion thereof, and to return, and receive the benefit of these articles.
Dated at Water-Eaton, June 20, 1646.
22. The propositions for peace agreed upon, and the city of London to have power of their own militia : they were ordered to be communicated to the Scots commissioners here, and upon their concurrence to be sent to his majesty.
Mr. Dell, the general's chaplain, brought letters, and the articles of Oxford to the parliament.
Orders for money for the Scots, and about Mr. Charles Howard's composition.
Colonel Birch besieged Goodrich-castle.
23. The articles of Oxford approved, and 50^. gratuity to Mr. Dell, and $ol. to the messenger.
Order for the duke of York to be brought to St. James's, and provided for in an honourable way.
Sir William Brereton being come into the house, the speaker by order gave him thanks for his good services, par- ticularly for that of Chester.
24. The monthly fast ; after the sermons divers new elected members took the covenant.
25. Some masters of hospitals appointed.
Beaumaris town and castle surrendered to major-general Mitton, and he was voted to be governor there.
Orders for money, and for a ship at Anglesea.
^^e mar(luis of Argyle and Scots commissioners presented some papers to the houses ; one was,
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 43
That the quarters of their army in the north might be en- larged, and money provided for them, and other supplies, as for the other forces.
That ships may be sent to prevent the landing of the Irish rebels in Scotland.
That the parliament here would send commissioners to join with the committee of estates of Scotland, at Newcastle, to testify the endeavours of the Scots, and to assist them in persuading his majesty to a good peace ; and to have power to treat and settle the accounts between the two kingdoms, that all forces may be disbanded, and the fruits of peace enjoyed by both nations.
Another letter was read, being from the king to the mar- Letter from quis of Ormond in Ireland, to discharge all further treaty thekins- with the Irish rebels.
Letters informed that the lord Broghill had taken in the garrison of Blaney in Ireland, and given the rebels some other small defeats.
Oxford was surrendered to sir Thomas Fairfax, no affront Oxford sur- nor injury offered by any of his soldiers to those of the gar- rendered- rison when they marched forth, but all the articles punctually observed ; divers Irish men and Irish women went out with them : the garrison were in all about seven thousand men.
After the governor was marched forth, the keys of the city were presented to the general, who ordered three foot regi- ments to march into the town, and between them and the citizens was courteous language, and not a reproachful or uncivil word by any of the army to them, nor the least dis- order.
They left in the city about thirty pieces of ordnance, but little provision for man or horse ; but after the parliament's forces had entered the city, the country people thereabouts brought in store of provisions.
The duke of York and divers great lords remained in Ox- ford till they might receive the king's order, for which they had sent messengers to him.
The next day the citizens opened their shops, and there was a full market again.
Farington was likewise surrendered, and accommodations Farington sent for to London for removal of the duke of York thither ; and surely no action or agreement either of war or peace was
44 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
ever more punctually observed than was this of the Oxford articles, whereof I can give my personal testimony.
Order for an express to be sent to prince Rupert and prince Maurice, that the parliament took notice of their breach of the Oxford articles, by coming so near to London as Oat- lands, and requiring them to transport themselves beyond seas within ten days if it could be, or else to lose the benefit of those articles.
Debate about the preamble to the propositions for peace.
27. The propositions for peace were all agreed, and a com- mittee named to consider of the manner of passing them, and another committee to be as conservators of the peace between both kingdoms.
29. Debate about the dismantling of garrisons : that of Oxford put off, that of Winchester voted to be slighted.
Referred to the committee of the army to take care for the security of the city, upon the repair of so many delin- quents thither from the king's quarters.
Order about the judges who are to go circuits, and for al- lowances for them.
Select The general commanded a select council, Cromwell, Ireton,
Lambert, Fleetwood, and myself, to consult about disposing part of the army to several places and sieges where there was need of them ; and also about the reducing of Walling- ford, and what conditions to send to them.
According to our advice, articles were drawn up to be sent to Wallingford, and I was made use of as their secretary, and there were two regiments sent thither, two more to Rag- land, and four regiments to Worcester.
214 30. The princes Rupert and Maurice sent a very respect- ful answer to the parliament's letter to them, that they were sorry that they had given them any offence, had no inten- tion to do it, and would obey their orders.
The prince elector had leave to go and see his brothers.
A committee named to draw up an additional proposition for confirmation of the great seal, and invalidating of acts passed by the seal which was carried away to Oxford.
One Morgan a popish priest executed. July 1646. i. Debate upon ordinances touching the excise, and for
French am- m°neyS ^ Soldiers' widows.
bassador. Order for reception of the French ambassador ; one of the
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 45
lords and two of the commons to come to him at his first landing.
The garrison of Worcester agreed to a treaty for the sur- render of it.
2. The earl of Kent voted to be lord lieutenant of Bedford- shire.
Orders that all papists and Irish be put out of the lines of communication, and out of corporations, and that they that came from Oxford should be in their lodgings by nine o'clock ; the like for others that came out of any of the king's garri- sons, and that they have no arms ; and that at Guildhall they produce their passes, and engage not to bear arms against the parliament ; and this order to be published by beat of drum and sound of trumpet.
Thus we may see that even after almost a conquest, yet they apprehended no safety : such are the issues and miseries of a civil war, that the victors are full of fears from those whom they have subdued, no quiet, no security. O let our prayers be to God never to have such calamitous times again !
Letters from major-general Mitton informed the readiness Bishop and assistance of bishop Williams to promote the parliament's Willlams- affairs, and particularly for the reducing of the castle of Con- wey, giving his advice, and being very active in that and all other matters for the parliament.
3. Letters from sir Thomas Fairfax gave an account of the disposal of his forces since the rendition of Oxford, and the state he had put that city in; and he sent up the great seal, and several other seals, which were there rendered to him.
Mr. Harbert, one of the commissioners for the army, pre- The seals. sen ted the seals to the house ;
The great seal, which was carried away from the parlia- ment, the privy seal, the signet royal, the seal of the king's bench, the seals of the exchequer, and of the court of wards, and of the admiralty, and the sword.
Order for all those seals to be broken, and the sword to be kept in the king's wardrobe.
Vote for the earl of Salisbury to be one of the commis- sioners of the great seal in the place of the earl of Bulling- broke deceased.
The proposition passed the commons, and sent up to the lords, for making void what passed under the great seal at
46 MEMORIALS OF THE EXGLISH AFFAIRS
Oxford, and honours in Ireland, and for confirming the great seal here ; to which the lords agreed ; and it was ordered to be communicated to the Scots commissioners.
Order for letters from both houses to the king, to desire him to send order to the marquis of Ormond to deliver the forts in Ireland in his hands to such as the parliament should appoint.
Lilburne. A petition from lieutenant-colonel Lilburne to the com- mons, appealing from the judgment of the lords who had committed him, referred to a committee, to consider of the privileges of the commoners of England.
Poyntz. 4. Lieutenant-general Poyntz called into the house gave them an account of the northern forces : they ordered loool. to him in part of his arrears, and 2oo/. as a gift, to buy him a sword and a brace of geldings, and ordered 300?. per annum to him and his heirs, and gave him the thanks of the house. Ordinance for io,ooo/. for the northern forces.
London's Petition of London, showing that they intended to petition
petition. ^e kmg^ a C0py Of whicn they presented to the house for their approbation: the house appointed a time to consider of it.
Scots pa- The lords gave the city thanks for the like petition. Colonel Jones's regiment to be hastened for Ireland. Papers from the Scots commissioners which they received from Newcastle presented to the house.
One was a declaration from general Leven and his officers, that they will adhere to the covenant, and will preserve the union between the two kingdoms, and not countenance any disaffected to either parliament; that they abhor all ways contrary to the covenant, disclaim the king's letter to the marquis of Ormond. That as they came into England out of affection, and not in a mercenary way, so they will be as willing to return home, and want of pay shall be no hinder- ance thereunto, and that the king's unexpected coming to their army hath not wrought in them any thing contrary to the covenant.
Petition. Another paper was a petition of general Leven and his officers to the king, that his majesty would take a speedy course to settle religion and church government, the liberties and privileges of his kingdoms, to sign the covenant, and to comply with the councils of his parliaments, that all differ- ences might be composed and all armies disbanded.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 47
To which the king answered, that he came to the Scots The king's army with intent to settle peace, and to satisfy the just de-an sires of his good subjects, and to comply with his parliament in all things for the good of religion and the happiness of his subjects ; and when peace shall be settled, he will find out some honourable means for employment of so many gallant men as are in this army.
6. Malignant ministers to be disabled from any livings of the church.
Instructions passed for the commissioners to go to theCommis- king with the propositions for peace : they were to demand
his majesty's positive answer to them ; which if not given within ten days, they were to return to the parliament.
Commissioners for the house of lords were the earls of Pembroke and Suffolk ; for the house of commons, sir John Danvers, sir John Hippesley, Mr. Robinson, and sir Walter Earle.
Letters from the deputy major of Newcastle, that he had hindered delinquents from coming to his majesty. His action was approved, and order for a declaration to give power to the northern committees to hinder delinquents from coming to his majesty.
Debate touching slighting of inland garrisons, and referred to the respective committees to do it in the north and west.
Vote against the Scots renewed. 315
That this kingdom had no more need of the Scots army, and that Vote a- the Scots commissioners should be desired to take order that their |ainst the army might be withdrawn out of this kingdom, which is no longer able to bear them.
The lords desired a committee of both houses might be appointed to reform Cambridge university, and to slight that garrison.
7. Sir John Danvers desired to be excused, and Mr. Robert Goodwin was named in his stead one of the commissioners to go with the propositions to his majesty.
Captain Johnson, that brought up the last message from the king, had 'iol.
Divers ordinances passed for compositions.
Petitions about tin and about the fens.
Divers ministers from the assembly in Scotland came to Scots min-
isters.
48 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
the king with a petition to him to take the covenant, but would preach to him before it were delivered.
Sir Peter Killegrew went to the king with the letter of both houses touching Ireland.
8. Order for stating the accounts of sir William Brereton as major-general.
The committee of examinations dissolved, not having done well.
Order for ^ooo/. for the forces before Litchfield, and that sir William Brereton should go down to that siege.
Orders for relief of Ireland.
Reports of compositions and orders.
Worcester demanded higher articles than Oxford had.
Wallingford was upon treaty, but the governor, colonel Blagge, sent an high and proud letter to the general.
Blagge desired a cessation, and the general agreed to it to prevent the burning of the town, which colonel Blagge in- tended, and the commissioners met on both parts about it.
The cessation from all acts of hostility was agreed for four days.
Duke of 9. Order to discharge the attendants of the duke of York, when he should come to St. James's, and 6ool. to buy a coach and apparel for him.
Mr. Marshall ordered to go with the commissioners that carried the propositions.
Money for the Scots officers.
Intelligence that the prince was come into France to his mother, and that the lord Digby was gone for Ireland, and that the earl of Glamorgan was in the head of an army there.
Monsieur Bellieure, the French ambassador to the parlia- ment, landed.
Prince Rupert and prince Maurice took shipping.
Major-general Massey took his place in the house.
The treaty for Worcester broke off.
10. Ordinance committed for sale of delinquents' estates ; another passed, for Irish and papists to go out of London.
Order for all that came in upon the articles of Oxford and Exeter to engage before the committees to act nothing pre- judicial to the parliament.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVl. 49
Ordinance passed for Mr. Woodcocke to be parson of St. Olave Southwark ; another, for redemption of captives.
Letters from the general assembly of the kirk of Scotland, after compliments, earnestly desire the parliament of England timeously to settle church-government according to the cove- nant, with expressions against those who hinder uniformity : they resolve to observe the covenant.
Another letter from them to the assembly of divines, thank- ing them for their care and pains in the work of religion, that sectaries ought to be suppressed, &c.
Another to the lord mayor and common-council of London, commending them for their petition to the parliament about religion, and mentioning those of London in queen Mary's days, and the zeal of the citizens for God, commending them for their actions in the present times, and for their counte- nancing the assembly and the Scots commissioners; and highly encouraged them to go on.
The French ambassador was received into London in great state.
1 1 » Order for reducement of the forces of Nottingham, and for money for that work, and for the losses and damages of that county.
Order for a pass for the earl of Bristol to go beyond sea, according to Exeter articles.
Liberty to the earl of Cleveland upon bail to go into the country for three weeks for his health.
The propositions for peace fully passed both houses.
Money for major-general Massey's forces.
Order for slighting divers garrisons.
Lieutenant-colonel Lilburne brought to the bar of the lords' house, had his charge read to him, but he seemed to slight it, and was recommitted.
13. The houses sat not, having resolved to adjourn this hot season two days in the week, till they had an answer to the propositions; but a committee sat to examine the engross- Proposi- ment of the propositions, and to see them signed by t™ or speakers and the Scots commissioners, and to deliver them to the commissioners. The propositions were to sign an act,
1 . To take away all oaths and proclamations against the parlia- ment and their actions.
2. To sign the covenant, and an act for the general taking of it.
WHITELOCK, VOL. II. E
50 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
3. To pass an act to abolish bishops, &c.
4. To confirm the assembly.
5. That religion be settled as both houses should agree.
6. Unity and uniformity of religion to be confirmed by an act.
7. An act against Jesuits, papists, &c.
8. An act for educating papists' children in the protestant religion,
9. For penalties against papists.
10. Against saying of mass in any place.
1 1 . The like for Scotland as they shall think fit.
12. For the due observation of the Lord's-day, and against plu- ralities, non-residents, and regulating the universities, in the same act.
13. The militia to be in the parliament for twenty years, so for Scotland, with power to raise moneys and use the militia, &c. Lon- don's privileges as to their militia confirmed.
14. All honours and titles since the great seal was carried from the parliament to be void, and no peers to be but by consent of both houses.
15. To confirm the treaty between England and Scotland, and conservators of the peace to be appointed.
1 6. To establish the Declaration of both kingdoms 30 June, 1643, with the qualifications of exception from pardon, both English and Scots, and the names of those made incapable of office, and such as have deserted the parliament.
21 6 17. To make void the cessation in Ireland, the war there to be left to the parliament, and the same religion to be settled there as in England.
1 8. The militia and Tower of London to be in the government of the city ; and their charters to be confirmed.
19. All grants and process under the great seal here to be con- firmed, and all by any other great seal to be void, and the like for Ireland, and all honours granted since the cessation there to be void.
And all these particulars to be passed by several acts of par- liament.
14. Order for disposing and paying the forces under major- general Massey.
Differences between the soldiers and townsmen of Exeter referred to a committee to be composed, and orders for pay of that garrison.
Search ordered for materials for coining in some trunks.
The commissioners set forth with the propositions. fromethe Letters informed that Montrill, the French agent, came to
queen.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 51
Newcastle, and brought letters from the queen to the king, advising him to make peace upon any terms, at which the king was very joyful.
That Montrose desired liberty to go beyond sea, and that great levies of men were made in Scotland, and the garrisons of Newcastle, Carlisle, and Berwick reinforced by the Scots ; who lay heavy upon Northumberland and the bishopric of Durham.
15. An ordinance committed for settling 300^. per annum on Mrs. Burghill, whose husband was slain in the parliament's service, and upon their heirs.
Upon information of the master of the ceremonies, an order Master of for the reception of the French ambassador.
JL monies.
One Grady, and Irish rebels, and other papists apprehended and committed ; and orders for apprehending all of their con- dition ; and a day set for their departure out of London,
Orders for pay for several forces.
The king's answer to the letters of both houses, for delivery The king's up of the garrisons in Ireland into the hands of such as the answer- parliament should appoint, was read and was very general, expressing great desires of peace, and that the propositions for it might be speedily sent to him. And that business being once well settled, those garrisons and all the rest of the forces will be ordered for the public good.
16. Great complaints from Cumberland and Westmorland of the heavy pressures of the Scots army.
Kagland- castle held out the siege ; some of their officers, as major Price and others, were taken prisoners by lieutenant- general Morgan.
Major-general Mitton besieged Denbigh-castle.
Letters informed that the rebels in Ireland were come within twenty miles of Dublin.
17. Letters from sir Thomas Fairfax gave an account to the house of the treaty for surrender of Wallingford- castle ; and desired the direction of the house upon one article insisted on by colonel Blagge, that they might have no oaths nor cove- nants imposed upon them after the surrender.
The house ordered the general to continue his siege of that castle, and would not allow of that article.
Order that the heads of houses in Cambridge forbear cut-
E 2
52 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
ting down of timber in college lands, till they had order from parliament to do it.
An ordinance sent up to the lords for 50,000?. for Ireland.
Monsieur Bellieure, the French ambassador, was received in great state and usual ceremonies in both houses. The French 1 8. A day of thanksgiving appointed for the reducing of
ambassa- ^ /> -,
dor. Oxford.
Litchfield was surrendered upon articles to sir William Brereton with all their ordnance, arms, and ammunition.
20. Montrose demanded that his son and the gentleman with him might enjoy their liberty and estates, and he to go beyond sea, otherwise he resolved to hold out and not disband.
Letters informed great resort of malignants, English and Scots, to the king.
The city of Worcester was agreed to be surrendered to the parliament upon articles.
21. The day of public thanksgiving for the surrender of Oxford.
22. Debate of the French ambassador's message, which was,
Message. That he had in command from the queen regent and the king of France to interpose and endeavour a good reconciliation of the dif- ferences between his majesty and the parliament of England ; but seeing in what forwardness they were, and the propositions sent to his majesty, he had now nothing further to do but to take his leave, and desired their pass to go to the king and to the estates of Scotland.
The answer of the parliament was,
Answer. That they took in good part, and thankfully, from the king of
France's good affections arid intentions to these kingdoms, and willingness to see their troubles over, to end the which, they had done and would continue to do their utmost.
But they could not agree that any foreign state should interpose in the remaining differences, nor in particular the king of France, by his extraordinary ambassador.
And they agreed that he should have a pass, and be used with all respect and civility.
Mr. Herle voted to be moderator of the assembly, Dr. Twisse being dead.
Letters from sir Thomas Fairfax of the surrender of Wor-
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 53
cester, and thanks ordered to be sent to him, and his messen- ger had a gratuity.
Letters from the northern committees of the insupportable burden upon them by the forces there; order for pay for those forces, and relief of those counties.
A letter from both houses, inviting the duke of York to Duke of come to London.
Order for an ordinance for the government of North -Wales, and for committees there.
The lords passed a declaration for restraining malignants from coming to the king.
23. A committee appointed to receive complaints against such as have been in arms against the parliament, with power to imprison.
Order for reimbursing commissioners of excise.
Some forces of the eastern association met at St. Alban's Mutiny at in a kind of mutiny : the house ordered them to return to their St Alban's- several counties.
Order for a new election.
Goring-house ordered for the speaker.
The ordinance for sale of delinquents' estates sent up to the lords.
24. Letters informed the surrender of Wallingford, with a copy of the articles.
Several ordinances passed for compositions by delinquents. 317
Order for the slighting of all the garrisons in Worcester- shire except Worcester city, and all the horse there to be disbanded, except eighty to attend upon the high- sheriff.
An ordinance appointed to be drawn for obedience to be yielded to committees, so long as they should be continued ; and no affronts to be offered to them or to any public officer.
Order for a collection for the poor in the places in Devon- shire visited with the plague.
Order for all the horse in Bucks to be reduced to eighty only.
25. The house did not sit.
The commissioners arrived with the propositions at New- castle, and the king seemed well pleased.
27. The houses sat not : many letters came from the northern counties of the miseries and devouring charge en- dured by them from the Scots army and from the English forces.
54 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
The commissioners of parliament arrived with the propo- sitions for peace at Newcastle, and were visited the same day by general Leven ; and the king appointed them to present the propositions the next day.
Worcester. A list was sent up to the parliament of those that marched forth of Worcester upon the rendition of it.
The earl of Shrewsbury, lord Talbot, lord Brereton, six- teen knights, forty-four esquires, eleven colonels, nine lieu- tenant-colonels, fifteen majors, seventy captains, forty-nine lieutenants, twenty-four ensigns of horse, forty ensigns of foot, one bishop, many doctors and clergymen, and many ladies.
They left there twenty-eight pieces of cannon, six drakes, and sling-pieces, arms three thousand, provisions for six months, and ammunition.
28. Every Friday ordered for debate how the gospel might be preached in some dark places of this kingdom.
Letters from sir Thomas Fairfax of the particulars of the surrender of Wallingford, and the house approved adjutant Evelin to be governor there, who was nominated by the general.
Order for employment of the forces in the counties of Oxon, Berks, and Bucks for the service of Ireland.
Before the surrender of Wallingford-castle, sergeant Welde, a member of the house of commons, came to Henley in his way to Worcester, whither he was sent down by the parlia- ment as a commissioner of oyer and terminer, and hearing that I was in my garrison at Phyllis-court, he came thither with his attendants to bestow a visit on me.
I received him and his company at the drawbridge.
He complimented me by the name of colonel Whitelocke : I had then three hundred foot and a troop of horse in gar- rison, besides the assistance of the town of Henley ; and it was a very regular and strong fort, and wanted nothing for its defence.
I waited on the judge with my troop to convoy him to the parliament's quarters.
I presented him at his departure with the linstock, as a ceremony to persons of condition when they come into gar- risons, that they may as it were take command of the place, and give fire to the great guns.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 55
I gave a sign, and the soldiers gave a great shout, and then the gunner fired five great guns.
As we came by Wallingford, who had espied us, they from the castle bestowed some great shot at us, but no hurt was done.
Oxford and Wallingford being reduced, and no garrison in those parts being against the parliament, I thought it a con- venient time to move the parliament for their order to me to slight my garrison.
Upon letters from sir Thomas Fairfax, of some breaches of articles which he had made, the house took care that right should be done, and appointed a committee to hear com- plaints of that nature.
Order to apprehend captain Conningham, come from the queen to Newcastle, because he had formerly broke the prison of the parliament : the like order was to apprehend Mr. Buchannan.
Order to slight all the garrisons in Gloucestershire except Gloucester, and to reduce the forces there to a less number.
The duke of York came to town, and was met by the earl of Northumberland and divers lords and gentlemen, and con- veyed in great and fitting state to St. James's, where his Oxford retinue were dismissed, and new servants placed about him.
The princess Henrietta was conveyed away from Oatlands.
Letters informed the surrender of Wallingford-castle. WaiUng-
That colonel Blagge sold the corn and provisions there, J^"^8 and put the money in his own purse, without giving onederc<L penny of it to the soldiers, though much pay was in arrears to them ; and they were so much discontented at the greedi- ness of their governor that they fell into a mutiny, which caused Blagge to surrender the castle two days sooner than it was agreed to be.
They left in it fourteen pieces of ordnance, store of arms, ammunition, and some provisions, and marched a thousand foot, besides horse, out of it.
Rutland-castle surrendered to major-general Mitton with Rut land- all the arms and ammunition in it.
29. The monthly fast-day.
Letters informed the sad condition of the protestants in Ireland, the rebels prevailing there; that they lately took
56 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
Roscommon, and put all the English there to the sword; then they took Bonratty, which held out three months, and there also they put the English and Scots to the sword.
30. Order for a considerable force to be sent over into Ireland, and for such as were willing of major-general Mas- sey's brigade to go over thither under their own officers.
A regiment of five hundred horse ordered for colonel Coote for the Irish service, and for supernumerary forces in all counties.
Another regiment of five hundred horse ordered for colonel Lidcote for Ireland, and an order for 40,000^. for Ireland.
I have not found returns but from very few answerable to the kindnesses which I have showed to many : therefore it ought to be a caution to place friendship on worthy persons as near as we can, and not to be so lavish in our courtesies as to prejudice our own interests.
31. Debate of the business of Ireland, and voted that none of the forces of sir Thomas Fairfax's army should be taken off to be sent thither, but four regiments of foot and three
21 8 regiments of horse, of the forces of the several garrisons dis- mantled, and of the counties where there was no present use for them.
Upon hearing a petition of adjutant Grey and Mr. Steward, against an illegal decree, made by sir George Ratcliffe in Ireland against them, the house ordered 15007. to Mr. Steward and 400/. to adjutant Grey out of sir George RatclifiVs estate.
Reference to a committee to compute the arrears of some reformado officers, that course may be taken for their pay.
Moneys ordered for the duke of Gloucester.
Order to demand of the commissioners of Scotland here the rendition of Belfast in Ireland.
Worcester. More letters came of the particulars of the surrender of Worcester, much to the same effect as is before mentioned, with an order of the committee of Worcestershire to take the mace and sword and seal of that city into their pos- session.
That sergeant Welde, who went from the parliament thither, was chosen to be their recorder, with other parti- culars.
Letters from Newcastle certified that the commissioners
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 57
had presented the propositions for peace to his majesty, and acquainted him that they had but ten days allowed them to attend for his majesty's answer, which they desired he would be pleased to give them within that time.
That the king desired longer time for him to consider and give his answer to all those propositions, and matters of so great weight as they were, but being told by the commis- sioners that they had no longer time allowed to them but ten days only, after which time they were commanded to return back to the parliament, his majesty told them that within that time they should receive his answer to the propo- sitions.
August, 1646.
1. The house sat not, nor did any intelligence come this day.
3. Letters from Newcastle informed, that upon the com- missioners presenting the propositions to the king, he asked them if they had any power to treat; they answered, they had not ; then the king replied, " Saving the honour of the business, an honest trumpeter might have done as much."
That the Scots lords and officers begged of the king to sign the propositions.
A proclamation at Newcastle forbidding all malignants to come to the king, the provost and baileys of Edinburgh peti- tioned the king to grant the propositions.
Colonel Birch entered some of the works of Gotherich- Colonel castle, whereupon the garrison hung out a white flag for parley, which Birch refused, and went on storming, and they all submitted to mercy.
In the castle, besides the governor, sir Henry Lingen, were fifty gentlemen, and a hundred and twenty soldiers, with arms, ammunition, and provisions.
Ragland-castle held out and made some sallies, but were beaten back : colonel Birch and colonel Rainsborough went to assist colonel Morgan in that siege, and the general himself went thither.
Pendennis-castle had some relief by sea : the archbishop received some loss at Conwey.
Denbigh-castle held out against the parliament, and Flint- castle seemed tractable to come to a treaty.
58 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
4. Order to transport the forces of major-general Lang- herne into Ireland, and that the forces in the several coun- ties that will list themselves for Ireland shall have a month's pay, and those that will not, to be disbanded : their officers are to march with those that go to the water-side, if they will not go over into Ireland.
Bristol, Chester, and Liverpool appointed to be rendezvous for the soldiers to take shipping for Ireland, and orders for clothes, victuals, and ammunition, and ships to be ready there for them.
The general quartered his army in several counties, to avoid oppressing of the country.
The French had a great defeat by the Spaniard at Arbi- tello in Italy.
5. Several ordinances passed both houses for placing good ministers in divers benefices now void.
An ordinance sent up to the lords for settling 2oo/. per annum upon Mr. Hugh Peters.
Letters from the commissioners at Newcastle informed, *kat though their importunities had been frequent and ear- nest, yet they could not obtain his majesty's consent to the propositions for peace, nor answer any ways satisfactory.
That his majesty had given them a paper (other than which they could not procure) containing offers to come to London, which they thought not fit to send, but were hast- ening away to give an account of their proceedings.
Great complaints of major-general Massey's forces, killing men, robbing others, and forcing the countrymen where they quartered to give them money, and then they would go to other places and do the like there, referred to the committee of the west, to send those forces into Ireland, or to disband them.
Care for money for Scots officers, and for the arrears of sir John Gell and his son, and ordinances passed for compo- sitions.
7. Ordinances passed for dismantling divers garrisons, and sending the forces into Ireland.
Upon this occasion I moved the house for their order to empower me to slight the garrison of Phyllis -court, and the house willingly and well pleased passed their order as I de- sired.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 59
Votes of the house : Vote
That a charge laid upon sir Richard Onslow, a member of the house, by Mr. Withers, was not sufficiently proved ; that it was false and scandalous, and injurious to sir Richard Onslow ; that Mr. Withers should pay 5<DO/. to him for damages, and his book to be burnt.
Order for raising 17,000^. for Ireland.
The lord Fairfax remitted his arrears as colonel of two regiments, and the house gave him thanks for it, and ordered the payment of his arrears as general in the north.
8. The houses were adjourned, and no intelligence commu- nicated.
10. Letters informed that the king refused to sign the The king's propositions, though the commissioners of both kingdoms on g^Sthe° their knees begged of him to do it. proposi-
And that Montrose's forces are disbanded in Scotland.
The commissioners came to town from Newcastle. 219
1 1. A day set to call the house, and to consider of the king's denial to sign the propositions.
Letters informed the sad condition of the protestants in Ireland, and the rebels prevailing there, that the marquis of Ormond had concluded a peace with them.
Order that all forces which were not of sir Thomas Fair- fax's army, or of garrisons not to be slighted, should list them- selves for Ireland or be disbanded.
A committee named to consider of providing money and supplies for Ireland, and for ending the troubles there.
Ordinance for money for the west.
Mr. Murrey ordered to be bailed.
Order to refer divers letters, taken in a collier's ship bound for France, to a committee to be perused ; and such as the French ministers of state should claim, to be delivered unto them.
In the presence of both houses, the great seal and other Seals seals, brought from Oxford, were broken by a smith.
The earl of Salisbury was sworn one of the commissioners of the great seal.
Sir Thomas Fairfax came in person before Ragland-castle, which he summoned to surrender, but the marquis refused. Report con-
12. The commissioners, that went with the propositions Newcastle, made a report of the transactions between thetions.
60 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
king and them, and of all material passages in that business, and had the thanks of the house; and a committee appointed to give the thanks of the house to the Scots commissioners.
Orders for new elections.
A letter from monsieur Montrill, the French agent here, about staying the ambassador's packet of letters, and claiming the privilege of an ambassador.
The house ordered the examinations in this business to be sent to their agent in France, and the ambassador's letters to be returned him.
A paper from the Scots commissioners :
That they desire to depart, and will deliver up such towns and castles as they have : they desire to have consideration for their losses, hazards, charges, and damage, part in pre- sent money, and security for the rest : and, his majesty not having consented to the propositions, that away maybe thought upon, by joint advice, for the security of both kingdoms.
13. Both houses agreed for the silver of the broken seals to be bestowed upon the speakers ; and for the earl of Cleve- land to have a month's longer time of liberty; and for restor- ing the letters and portmanteau to the French ambassador.
A free conference about the transactions of the commis- sioners at Newcastle, and the Scots desired to further the pro- positions.
14. Orders for the slighting of several garrisons, and their forces to be employed for Ireland or disbanded.
The forces in Bristol and Exeter to be reduced.
Order for money for the forces in North -Wales.
Vote for j oo,ooo£. to be provided for advance of the Scots army into Scotland.
That the house did very well, and thankfully approve their offer to deliver up our garrisons and to depart ; and that their arrears should be audited and paid, according to the treaty.
The houses now saw the advantage of keeping up their army, as that which the more inclined the Scots to come to this offer.
15. The houses sat not.
I went out of town to Phyllis -court, where I sent out ac- ceptable warrants to the country adjoining, to send in work- men, with spades, pickaxes, &c., and carts, to be employed about the demolishing of that fort.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 61
17. Letters from the leaguer before Ragland certify that Marquis of the marquis of Worcester wrote with much respect to sirw°rcester- Thomas Fairfax, that he honoured his family, and was more willing to agree to his proposals than if they came from any other; that he was intimately acquainted with sir Thomas Fairfax his grandfather, and other compliments, and concluded
to agree to a treaty.
In which all propositions were consented to but concerning the person of the marquis, whom they would only admit to the mercy of the parliament ; and that the marquis thought hard; and being eighty-four years of age, was thought the more capable of favour and pity.
Most of the nobility of Scotland at Newcastle went from thence to the convention of estates appointed to be at Edin- burgh.
Letters informed that the marquis of Ormond had con- Peace with eluded a peace with the Irish rebels, upon which the pro-* vinces of Munster and Ulster were to be reduced to the obe- dience of the king and supreme council; and then twenty thousand men to be sent out of Ireland into Scotland, to assist the king there, and forces from France and Denmark to join with them, and the lord Digby was to be at the head of them ; that he was one of the commissioners, with the marquis of Ormond and earl of Glamorgan, for making this peace.
18. Ordinances passed for compositions.
Sir John Stowell brought to the bar, refused to kneel, and Sir John behaved himself with very much boldness and obstinacy.
The house committed him to Newgate, and ordered that he should be indicted of high treason.
Several ministers sent down to Oxford, to preach there.
An account from the Scots commissioners of the arrears Scots ar- of their army, besides losses, amounting to about a million of re! money, free quarter taken by them not accounted ; and that they would be willing to accept a sum in gross, in full dis- charge of their arrears : and the house appointed a committee to treat with them about the sum and times of payment.
New letters of the peace concluded in Ireland, and a copy of the articles :
That they should not be bound to take the oath of alle- Articles of
» the peace
giaiice ; in Ireland.
62 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
All laws against Roman catholics to be repealed;
To have no dependency upon the parliament of England ; and the like.
Major-general Mitton took Conwey town by storm, and
killed and wounded divers, took many officers, twenty-two
soldiers, and fifty townsmen in arms ; one great gun, arms,
2 20 ammunition, and provisions; many Irishmen, who were tied
back to back and thrown into the water.
I had a great number of countrymen, my neighbours, who willingly came in to me upon my warrant, with mattocks, shovels, and some carts, to help in the slighting of the works of Phyllis-court. I provided also store of pickaxes and shovels for my soldiers, whom I encouraged to help in this work, al- lowing to every one of them that would work sixpence a day besides their pay, which persuaded them all to work, and kept them from idleness.
The country paid the men they sent in.
In a few days, having many hands, I threw in the breast- works on two sides, and made two even mount walks, the one on the side next to the Thames, the other on the north side. On the other two sides I caused the bulwarks and the lines to be digged down, the grafts filled, the drawbridge to be pulled up, and all levelled.
I sent away the great guns, the granados, fireworks, and ammunition, whereof there was good store in the fort.
I procured pay for my soldiers, and many of them under- took the service of Ireland.
19. Report from the committee appointed to treat with the Scots commissioners, that they desired 500,000?.; whereof 200,000?. upon the advance of their army into Scotland, and 200,000?. residue at the end of twelve months.
A day set to consider of this report.
Order for shutting up the houses of those infected with the plague, as formerly, and the statute for that purpose to be printed and published.
Both houses agreed to a list of ships and captains of them for the winter guard.
Order for the marchioness of Winton to make use of any of her country houses for her health, and to lie in there.
20. A difference between the forces of Bristol and Glou- cester about levying of money for their pay : the house or-
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 63
dered that neither of them should levy that money, and re- ferred it to a committee to compose that difference.
A petition brought by multitudes of wagoners' wives, and Petition, officers' wives and widows, and other distressed people, for money, referred to a committee, to consider of a way for rais- ing io,ooo£. for them; and that not above two of them should come together about this business to the house or committee.
The allowances of 4/. a week to divers members of the house, formerly given, was now ordered to cease.
The articles agreed for surrender of Ragland-castle ; and Surrender the marquis of Worcester threw himself upon the mercy of and &8 the parliament.
21. Letters of the surrender of Pendennis-castle ; and in it were colonel Arundel the governor, four knights, five colo- ca nels, and divers others of quality. That the parliament had there forty great pieces of ordnance, one great ship, one shallop, some other boats, seven great guns in the ship, many pieces unmounted about the castle, store of arms, but little provision.
A copy of the articles sent up for the surrender of Ragland- castle : there were in the castle seven hundred officers and soldiers, twenty pieces of ordnance, and a thousand arms.
Vote for 200,000^. to be paid to the Scots army: ioo,ooo£. Vote. upon their advance out of this kingdom, and the other ioo,ooo/. by 50,0007. at two payments at certain days, and to have the public faith for the other 300,000^., deducting out of the same the accounts of the country for their free quarters.
Referred to a committee to consider of raising ioo,ooo7. of the companies of London upon security : the lords concurred herein, and were moved to pass the ordinance for sale of de- linquents' estates.
Order to discharge sir Thomas Glemham from an arrest, according to the articles of Oxford.
22. The houses sat not, and no intelligence was communi- cated.
24. The articles sent up of the surrender of Pendennis- castle.
Letters that the convention of estates of Scotland met at Edinburgh, and intended the peace of both kingdoms very zealously.
64 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
25. Order to make Raglaiid-castle untenable. Colonel For- tescue appointed governor of Pendennis-castle.
A day of thanksgiving ordered for the late successes, and a collection for the poor infected with the sickness.
The three regiments under sir Har dress Waller before Rag- land ordered for the service of Munster in Ireland, and orders for repayment of moneys disbursed by some of the com- manders.
26. The monthly fast-day. After the sermons they met in the house, and some new members took the covenant.
Letters informed, that when the officers and soldiers marched out of Ragland-castle, nol; the least injury or inci- vility was offered by sir Thomas Fairfax's army to any of them ; but they were courteously used, and not a tittle of their articles broken.
That sir Thomas Fairfax had much conference with the marquis, with all respect. And there being store of rich fur- niture and goods in the castle, the general caused the com- missioners in the army to make an inventory of them, and to proclaim, that if any of them belong to any well affected in the country, that they should be restored.
27. Exceptions of plunders, money, coals, lead, and free quarterings, had by the Scots army, offered to their accounts : the house voted i oo,ooo/. to be paid to them the ninth month after the payment of the money formerly voted for them.
An ordinance sent up to the lords for ordination of min- isters.
Orders touching colonel Saunderson's regiment of re- formados.
Petition of Upon the petition of the sheriffs of London, that if sir Thomas Glemham were discharged out of prison, according to the order of the house, that then the sheriffs and their heirs should be liable to pay the debt for which he was a pri- soner ;
The house ordered that sir Thomas Glemham should be brought to the bar, and that they would take order for the sheriffs' indemnity.
The judges rode in some counties, and held the assizes, to the rejoicing of the people ; but I did not attend them.
Order to discharge sir Thomas Glemham from his impri- sonment, according to the articles of Oxford; and that all
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 65
officers and others should be saved harmless for it, by au- thority of the house of commons.
The house approved of the earl of Northumberland's re- The king's moving the king's children to Sion-house, because of the sick- chlldren* ness in London ; and they ordered the earl to take care, and give directions, that none of the king's party should be admit- ted to come to the king's children, to give them ill counsel. 221
The power of the committee of Haberdashers'- hall, as to the fifth and twentieth part, was lessened.
29. The houses sat not : intelligence came of the surrender of Fliiit-eastle to major-general Mitton.
31. The Scots minister, Mr. Henderson, died at Edinburgh, a Henderson, person of a sober conversation and good learning : some said he died of grief, because he could not persuade the king to sign the propositions.
The convention of estates in Scotland agreed to send new commissioners to the king to sign the propositions.
The earl of Antrim and Kilketto refused to lay down arms by the king's command, alleging that the king was under restraint, and they hoped ere long to have a power to free him from that restraint.
Complaints from the northern counties of the oppression by the Scots army.
Two ships of the rebels taken by a parliament ship at Limerick in Ireland.
The lord Inchequin took Pilborne-castle by storm, and put all in it but eight to the sword.
The governor of Scilly islands for the king sent to captain Batten, to treat for the surrender of them to the parliament, and the treaty was begun.
Letters informed the particulars of the surrender of Pen- Pendennis- dennis-castle, that there was taken great store of arms andcastle> ammunition, ninety-five pieces of cannon, two murderers, but little provision.
That there marched out of it four knights, eight colonels, many other officers and gunners, and a thousand soldiers, and two hundred left sick behind.
Mardike in the Low Countries was surrendered upon articles to the French.
September 1646.
1. An ordinance for sir John Heal's composition.
WHITELOCK, VOL. II. F
Scots de- mands.
Vote.
Scots.
Vote for
Remon- strance of the kirk.
66 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
The commissioners of the great seal continued for a month longer.
Upon papers from the Scots commissioners demanding 400,000^. for their army ; after long debate, the house agreed to it, and to days of payment of it.
Voted that the election of Mr. Toll, a member of the house, to be major of Lynne, ought not to have been without the consent of the house ; yet in respect it was for the advantage of that place, the house granted the petition of the town, that he might execute the place of major there, and have power to make a deputy.
2. An ordinance for punishment of blasphemies' and here- sies committed.
Order for divers committees to give account what moneys they had issued.
The Scots commissioners insisted to have 200,000^. upon their advance to Scotland, but the house would allow only
ICO,OOO/.
3. The earl of Cleveland is released, he engaging his ho- nour to the lieutenants of the Tower to render himself again if required by the parliament.
An ordinance to make Mr. Hallingham vicar of South- Wales in Essex.
Order for money for soldiers' wives and widows upon the excise.
An ordinance to make Mr. Elliston parson of Sandford in Essex.
Ordinances passed for compositions.
4. Orders concerning new elections.
Letters of the general's gallant entertainment by the Welch, ajid in other places.
5. Though a day of adjournment, yet the house sat till seven at night to despatch the business of the removal of the Scots army, and at length voted to give them 2oo,ooo/. at their advance to Scotland, if it could be raised, and sent a committee to treat with the common-council of London for the raising of it.
7 Commissioners from the estates of Scotland came to per- suade his majesty to sign the propositions.
The assembly of the kirk of Scotland presented a remon- strance to the committee of estates there, desiring that ma-
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 67
lignants and incendiaries may not be favoured ; that all pos- sible means might be used to confirm the union between England and Scotland; and to preserve the reformation of religion, and to bring the churches in both kingdoms to the nearest conjunction and perfect reformation, according to the covenant.
They sent another remonstrance to the king to the same The king's effect : to which the king answered,
That the assembly had no authority to intermeddle in the affairs of this kingdom or church ; and then justifies his own proceedings.
Earnest letters came from Ireland for supplies and recruits.
8. The day of public thanksgiving, no intelligence received.
9. Sir John Stowell was found guilty of treason by a jury of Somersetshire.
Orders touching compositions of delinquents, another touch- ing a general day of thanksgiving.
After the surrender of Mardike, the French designed the taking in of Dunkirk.
10. The common-council of London propounded, for se- curity of the 2oo,ooo/. to be advanced for the Scots, that all who had contributed upon the propositions for horse, money and plate, may contribute the like sum upon this proposition for the 200,000^., and be secured both sums out of the excise and bishops' lands.
The house agreed to this, and returned thanks to the com- mon-council, only they excepted advowsons out of the security, and added to it the sale of delinquents' estates.
Order for i oo/., for the churchwardens of the abbey and St. Margaret's church in Westminster, to maintain watch- men to look to the doors of houses infected with the plague.
The lords desired the concurrence of the commons for tak- ing away all country committees, and for appointing new commissioners for the great seal.
11. Mr. Edwards continued major of Chester by ordinance for thirteen months.
A menial servant of Mr. Martin, a member of the house, being arrested contrary to the privilege of the house, was re- leased ; and the bailiff that arrested him, and knew him to be Mr. Martin's servant, was sent for as a delinquent.
68 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
Ordinances touching the excise in the northern and western associations not consented to by the commons.
Orders for new elections.
12. The commons sat not, but the lords sat about the 200,000^. for the Scots, and agreed to what the commons 2 22 had voted, except the additional security by sale of delin- quents' estates, which the common-council of London did not insist upon : the committee of the parliament met with the committee of common-council, as often as was held requisite for the carrying on of this business, and agreeing upon the security to those who should lend money, or double their for- mer loans, according to the propositions for raising of the
2OO,OOO/.
Scots press 14. Letters certified that the commissioners of the estates the king. Q£ gcotian(i nacl been often with the king, and pressed him to consent to the propositions, and to take the covenant.
That the king questioned their power, which they justified, as relating to both kingdoms, and were very plain with his majesty, who said he was not satisfied in point of conscience to subscribe it : they moved that some able divines might be conferred with by him for his satisfaction, and that was ap- pointed.
Letters informed a discontent among the Irish rebels about the peace, the pope's nuncio, bishops and clergy protesting against it, because done without their consent, and because it gave liberty of conscience to the protestants.
Forces were hastening thither out of England. Essex died. This evening the noble earl of Essex died at Essex-house.
Orders for 1200?. for the duke of York, and for a constant
maintenance for him, and for money for the northern forces.
Ireland. A remonstrance from Cleveland and other northern parts,
of the insupportable burden of the Scots and English forces
upon them, referred to the northern committee.
Order for a new election.
Order that the house should accompany the earl of Essex's body at his funeral.
Order for money for Massey's brigade.
A great petition of Lancashire debated.
Upon the news of the death of the earl of Essex both houses adjourned to the next day.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 69
16. The house sat in a grand committee to debate the ordinance touching blasphemies and heresies.
The lords ordered a writ to be sent to the new viscount of Hereford, to whom that honour descended by the death of the earl of Essex, to sit in parliament.
Divers Scots ministers endeavoured to satisfy the king's Scots min- conscience that he might take the covenant, but could not18 prevail.
17. An ordinance sent up to the lords for charging io,ooo£. upon the excise for poor widows, officers' wives, and others.
The lords desired the concurrence of the commons, that the earl of Northumberland be made lord-lieutenant of Yorkshire in the stead of the earl of Essex, deceased.
A petition of the Levant merchants against sir Sackvile Sir Sack- Crow, for cruelties and tyrannies exercised by him against their company, and desiring his commission might be made void, was referred to a committee.
Order for 400^. for relief of poor Irish protestants here.
18. Order for a letter to the grand seignior to revoke the commission of sir Sackvile Crow from being agent at Constan- tinople, and power given to the merchants to choose a new agent.
Voted, that no consultation touching his majesty's person should Vote, hinder the march of the Scots army out of England, nor violate the treaties ; and that the king's person should be disposed of as both houses of the parliament of England should hold fit.
The speaker desired he might communicate some secret in- telligence which he had to a committee, and was ordered to do it to the committee of both kingdoms and the committee of the admiralty.
Order for stating arrears of accounts.
19. The houses sat not.
The estates of Scotland met about the surrender of the English garrisons, &c.
21. The commissioners from Scotland, not being able to prevail with the king to pass the propositions, returned into Scotland.
The king did not absolutely refuse to do it, but said ne JnhseJ^t£s hoped they would grant him a hearing, which, for better ac- the Scots> commodation, he desires may be near London ; and doubts
70 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
not but after a full hearing he may not only have, but receive full satisfaction.
Letters informed of the Irish rebels drawing with a great army towards Ulster, and that the marquis of Ormond was gone with forces to join with them, to suppress such as with- stand the new peace.
The committee of Worcester took great care in listing their soldiers for Ireland.
Thepropo- 22. No means prevailing with the king to pass the propo- SnaSnc°es. sitions, the house named a committee to turn those propo- sitions into ordinances of parliament.
Order that the committee of both kingdoms do communi- cate to the Scots commissioners the votes of the house for disposing of the king's person. Ordinance for money.
A committee for satisfying the city about the security for the 20o,ooo/.
Letters of the surrender of Scilly, and colonel Rouse ap- pointed governor.
Reasons offered by the commons to the lords for continu- ance of the commissioners and treasurers of the army.
The lords voted the lord Roberts to be governor of Scilly ; but before that, the commons' vote was passed for colonel Rouse. The lords concurred with the commons in the vote for dis- posing of the king's person.
The duke d'Aiiguienne besieged Dunkirk, the Spaniard raised forces to relieve it.
23. The house proceeded in a grand committee upon the ordinance against blasphemies and heresies.
Petition for A petition of lieutenant-colonel Lilburne's wife, accom- panied with many women at the door of the house, and men- tioning the tyranny of the lords by their imprisoning of her husband, and thereby divorcing her from him, and desires justice.
This way of multitudes and women petitioners proved very troublesome and impetuous to the parliament.
Intelligence came that upon discovery of a plot against the person of the marquis of Ormond, and those with him, they returned back to Dublin.
pos'ing of" 24> A new committee appointed of both houses, to treat the king's with the Scots commissioners about disposing of the king's
person.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 71
person : this new committee was purposely named, to carry on the design touching the king's person as was intended.
The committee of foreign affairs appointed to receive what the Spanish ambassador desired to communicate to both houses.
Order that no passes should be granted to transport any 223 horses for six months.
An ordinance sent up to the lords to put the office of chan- cellor of Chester in the speakers of both houses.
Order for the forces of Cheshire for money.
A day set to consider how the army under sir Thomas Fairfax shall be disposed of.
25. Orders for money and clothes for the forces in Ulster. Order to continue the committee of both kingdoms till
the last of November next, and that if the Scots commis- sioners shall refuse to join with them, then they were to act by themselves.
Votes, that the estates of the lord Capell, lord Cottirigto'n, marquis of Winchester, earl of Worcester, and sir Charles Smith, should be sold, to raise money for Ireland.
Some of the assembly of divines from the rest brought into the house such heads of the articles of faith as they had per- fected.
The establishment and securing of Wallingford-castle re- ferred to the general, and a committee named to draw up a new establishment thereof.
I laboured with the general and with the members of both houses to get an order for the demolishing of it.
26. The house sat not.
28. Letters from the north certified, that the convention Scots let- at Edinburgh agreed that the Scots army should march out
of England upon the receipt of the 2oo,ooo/. as agreed, and all towns and castles held now by them in England to be delivered up ; that they are sending a plenipotence to their commissioners here, to determine with the parliament of Eng- land as to the dispose of his majesty's person.
The Irish rebels by declaration disclaimed the peace made with the protestants.
The articles of the surrender of Scilly islands sent up.
29. Vote, that no office shall be conferred by any com- mittee upon any person without consent of the parliament.
72 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
A committee of the long robe appointed to make some amendments in the ordinance for security to the advancers
of the 2oo,ooo/.
Great complaints of the quartering of the Scots army in the north, and in Lancashire.
In which business I laboured more than ordinary to quit my poor country of so many soldiers.
Denbigh-castle was upon treaty of surrender.
Order against the great resort of multitudes of people to the door of the house ; and it was observed then, that some of those gentlemen who formerly most encouraged such re- sort were now most fearful of them.
30. The public fast-day : the house met after the sermons, and ordered an ordinance to be drawn up, to be read in every congregation on every fast-day ; and therein the sins of the nation to be mentioned and lamented, and particularly in relation to Ireland.
The ordinance for observation of the public fast-day sent up to the lords with some amendments.
An ordinance to be drawn up to prevent clandestine mar- riages without the consent of parents.
October 1646.
1 . Order for 500^. to be paid to the executors of the late earl of Essex, for defraying some engagements, and for the charge of his funeral ; and that of 4,500^. due to his countess, who was disaffected to the parliament, 4000^. should be paid to the state, and 5co/. to colonel Matthews, and to the ser- vants of the earl.
Great seal. A question being propounded, whether the great seal should be disposed of into the hands of members of both houses; the question was put, whether that question should be put or not, and carried in the negative.
Voted, that it should be disposed into the hands of three commissioners ; that the members of both houses, late com- missioners of the great seal, as a token of favour from the parliament and kingdom, should have iooo/. bestowed on them for all their faithful services.
That the earl of Salisbury, one of the late commissioners, should have the thanks of the house.
That the members of the commons late commissioners of
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 73
the seal should have the privilege to plead within the bar, next to the solicitor-general of the king.
An ordinance voted to be brought in for settling 5ooo/. per annum upon sir Thomas Fairfax and his heirs.
Many aldermen and common-councilmen of London desired to know the pleasure of the house whether the works about the city should be slighted or not, and if not, then they desired 1 2,coo/. for the maintenance of them : the house ap- pointed the committee of the army to treat with the militia of London about it.
Letters informed that the popish clergy at Waterford have pronounced the supreme council at Kilkenny to be perjured for agreeing to the peace, and proceed to excommunicate them.
2. The house sat in a grand committee till seven at night, upon the ordinance for disposing of bishops' lands.
3. Private petitions heard.
Order for 2ooo/. for the officers and garrison of Dover, and for payment of the debts of the state to some handicrafts- men, and for 2ooo/. for colonel Sanderson's regiment, upon their disbanding.
Order for seizing upon a new impression of the Common Prayer.
Keferred to a committee to find out the author and printer Pamphlet. of a pamphlet, called, Yet another Word to the Wise, that they may be punished.
5. Ordinance for settling 2Ool. per annum on Mr. Hugh Peters.
Order for a new election.
The negotiations of some captains of the parliament's ships with the marquis of Ormond confirmed, as to lending to him arms and ammunition against the rebels ; and order for let- ters of thanks to captain Willoughby, one of those captains.
Orders for supplies for Ireland.
Ordinance sent up to the lords for sale of bishops' lands : treasurers and trustees for it named.
Letters informed that the estates of Scotland had fully agreed to the Scots army marching out of England, and the garrisons to be delivered up upon payment of the 2oo,ooo/. as was agreed.
The Irish rebels drew their forces towards Dublin, and the 224 marquis of Ormond prepared for defence.
74 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
Colonel Bethel was called into the house, and had their thanks for his good services.
Beaumaris-castle in Anglesey was surrendered to the use of the parliament, upon articles.
Commis- Order that all commissions made to sea captains which sions alter- were as from t^e ^mg an(j parliament, which some of them interpreted to the prejudice of the parliament's service, should be altered, and made in the name of the parliament only.
Order for money out of delinquents' estates in Wilts for disbanding the forces there. Confession The confession of faith, brought in from the assembly,
of faith. debated>
Order for 17007. out of delinquents' estates in Lincolnshire to be paid to the earl of Lincoln, which he had disbursed for the parliament's service.
A French pirate taken by the parliament's ships.
The Irish rebels prevailed.
A conference by the committee of lords~and commons with the Scots commissioners about disposing of the king's person.
7. Upon letters from sir Thomas Fairfax for pay and clothing for the army.
Ordered that the assessment be continued for six months longer for the pay of them.
Order for 3/. a week for maintenance of the widow and children of Mr. Franklyn, a member of the house, that died a prisoner to the king's party, and that the arrears of M. Frank- lyn be computed and paid.
Order for hastening the payment of i o,cool. to the poor widows, and for relief of tenants whose landlords were of the king's party.
For supplies for the northern forces.
8. Composition of the lord Saville allowed, and out of it loool. was ordered for the widow and children of captain Askwith, who laid out 960^. in raising a troop of horse for the parliament.
Great seal. Votes, that sir Rowland Wandesford, sir Thomas Bedding- field, and Mr. John Bradshaw be commissioners of the great seal for six months, sent up to the lords.
9. Progress upon the articles of faith.
Votes of both houses that captain Pen be captain of the Assurance frigate.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 75
The committee of both houses debated with the Scots com- missioners about disposing of the king's person.
An ordinance sent up to the lords for 400^. for the poor Irish protestants here.
The lords desired a concurrence of the commons in the ordinance for dissolving of all country committees.
10. Debate upon the accounts of sir William Brereton as major-general, and a committee named to consider of the pay of lol. per diem to every major-general and of their incident charges, and of the free quarter and provisions taken by them. They ordered 5000^. to sir William Brereton out of such delinquents' estates not yet compounded for as he should nominate.
Order that the tax of one per cent, for Plymouth shall con- tinue till January the first, and no longer.
Vote for a balloting box to be made.
12. Report of seven ordinances drawn out of the proposi- tions for peace :
1. For justifying and confirming the proceedings of par-Ordi- liament.
2. For settling the militia of England and Ireland in the parliament for twenty years.
3. For confirming the treaty with Scotland.
4. For making void all titles under the great seal after it was carried away.
5. For confirming the present great seal, and all acts done thereby.
6. For making void the Irish cessation.
7. For disposing offices by consent of parliament.
All these, except that of the militia and Scots treaty, passed, and sent up to the lords.
An ordinance appointed to be drawn, to enjoin all to take the covenant.
Order touching compositions of delinquents.
A malignant chosen major of Berwick sent for, and the old major continued.
A petition of many officers and soldiers of the parliament's, Petition, that they may not be prosecuted at law for things done by them in the war, and as soldiers upon sundry exigencies.
Conference about disposing of the person of the king.
76 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
A committee appointed to treat with the commissioners come from the marquis of Ormond.
The French ambassador and agent were with the king at Newcastle.
The plague broke forth there, brought from London.
Letters informed that divers inhabitants of Northumber- land had left their habitations, by reason of the oppression by the soldiers quartered with them.
13. The lords concurred to the ordinance for sale of bishops' lands, for advance of 200,000?. for the Scots army, and to take away the power of committees for disposing of offices, and desired the concurrence of the commons to take away all country committees.
An ordinance sent up to the lords for an assessment for the garrisons of Bristol and Gloucester.
Vote for an ordinance for 53,000?. per mensem, assessment for the army.
Debate touching the confession of faith.
An ordinance passed for constituting the three commis- sioners of the seal, with a proviso, that if any of them be chosen a member of the parliament, he shall leave his place.
Vote for continuing the seal-bearer.
The ordinance passed for sale of bishops' lands, and to secure the 200,000?. to the Scots.
14. The house sat in a grand committee upon the ordinance against heresies.
Report of the marquis of Ormond's propositions :
That he desired supplies and moneys for the forces with him, and that he would either come to London, or go be- yond sea, or serve in Ireland, as the parliament pleased, and surrender Dublin, &c. recommitted to treat further upon the surrender of Dublin, and the other garrisons.
A letter from Ormond to the king, and another to Lon- don, laid aside, not to be delivered.
The ordinance for the commissioners of the great seal again presented to the lords at a conference, with some alterations, as reserving power to make justices of the peace, to present to parsonages, &c.
ThC hOUSG Sent and SCiZed at the PreSS the PaPers of the
lord-chancellor's speeches, then in printing, touching the
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 77
disposal of the king's person, and took the printer and bookseller into custody for doing it without license of the houses, though they had the warrant of the Scots commis- sioners for it.
15. A pass from both houses to transport sixteen nags beyond seas.
A committee named to bring in an ordinance for the indemnity of officers and soldiers who have taken necessaries in the time of war, and are now prosecuted for it at law, and the committee to receive complaints, and give relief in the mean time.
A letter from the Scots commissioners desired the enlarge- ment of the stationer and printer of their speeches, and the printer and stationer submitted, referred to further examina- tion.
Ordinances sent up to the lords for io,ooo£. for the poor widows, for4Oo/. for the poor Irish protestants here, for settling the militia, and for the treaties with Scotland.
16. A committee named to consider of printing the Septua- gint Bible.
A conference about the printing of the lord-chancellor of Scotland's speeches.
An ordinance sent up to the lords for transporting of per- sons to foreign plantations.
The house sat in a grand committee in the afternoon about the assessments for the army.
17. Order that the marquis of Hertford's lady, or others, who had seized money or writings in Essex-house, should restore them to the executors of the earl, viz. the earl of Northumberland, the earl of Warwick, and Mr. solicitor St. John.
A committee named, to whom the probate of this and all other wills was referred, and also a petition of the doctors of civil law concerning the probate of wills.
Order that neither the marquis of Hertford, nor any other who had borne arms against the parliament, should go with the corpse of the earlof Essex at his funeral .
Vote for 15,000?. for the forces in Ireland, and for 5000?. for the forces of major-general Poyntz.
Sir Francis Willoughby, one of the lord Ormond's commis- sioners, sent back to inform him what the parliament had done.
78 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
19. Debate about the trustees for sale of bishops' lands. Order that all the members of the house do attend the
funeral of the earl of Essex, and that the house be adjourned for that day, as the lords had done.
In the afternoon the house sat till six at night, upon the ordinance for sale of bishops' lands.
The general, with major-general Massey, went to the De- vizes, where a rendezvous was appointed for the disbanding of such of major-general Massey's forces as would not go for Ireland.
20. One arrested contrary to the articles of Oxford; the sergeants sent for as delinquents, upon a certificate from sir Thomas Fairfax.
Great seal. Difference about the commissioners of the seal : the lords named four more to be added to the three named by the commons : they altered their former vote for the three com- missioners, and ordered an ordinance to be brought in to establish the former six commissioners, members of both houses.
Order that colonel Mitton offer reasonable conditions to the garrisons in Wales not yet reduced, which if they refuse within twenty days, that then they shall not be received to mercy; and referred to a committee to consider of employing those forces for Ireland after the rest of the garrisons should be reduced ; and a letter sent to colonel Mitton to acquaint him with these votes.
Kings at Votes for Mr. Bish to be Garter king-at-arms, and Mr. Bish to be Clarencieux, Mr. Biley to be Norroy, and a com- mittee to regulate their fees.
The papers of the Scots commissioners brought in touching the disposal of the king's person; and the house sat in a grand committee all the afternoon about the ordinance for sale of bishops' lands.
The money and writings of the earl of Essex taken away were restored.
Captain Batten voted to be vice-admiral of the winter fleet.
Dunkirk was surrendered to the French upon articles, great solemnities of thanksgiving, great guns and bonfires for it in France.
21. The house satin a grand committee upon the ordinance for sale of bishops' lands.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 79
A committee named to consider of regulating the chancery, and to receive complaints touching fees of that or any other court of equity within the kingdom.
Referred to the same committee to consider who are fit to be justices of the peace, and who not, in all counties.
22. The funeral of the earl of Essex was solemnized with great state.
All the members of both houses, sir Thomas Fairfax, the civil and military officers then in town, and the forces of the city, a very great number of coaches, and multitudes of people present at it.
The general had been at the Devizes to disband the brigade of major-general Massey ; which was done with little trouble, and few of them listed themselves for Ireland.
From the disbanding, the general hastened up to London, and was at the funeral of the earl of Essex.
23. The old commissioners of the seal had been voted to Great seal. be continued, upon the difficulty of constituting new com- missioners : now the old commissioners were voted down again, and an ordinance passed, and sent to the lords, to
make the two speakers commissioners of the seal till twenty days after this term.
This uncertainty and change of resolution in the house was much discoursed of by some who were not their friends ; they were reflected upon for it.
But they excused themselves by reason of the difference in opinion from them by the lords, and now they began to be more apprehensive than formerly that so great a trust as the custody of the seal was most proper and fit to be only in their own members.
Order for a commission to enable the master of the rolls and the judges to hear and determine for the present all causes in chancery.
Order that the judges in Sergeants-inn, the benchers of 226 the inns of court, and principals of the inns of chancery, shall permit no lawyers that have borne arms against the parlia- ment to be in any of those societies.
Referred to a committee to examine the entry of Mr. White into a lodge belonging to sir Thomas Walsingham.
Order for 6ooo£. to be paid to the committee of Berks for Abington garrison, and that the committee of the three
80 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
counties do consider what forces of that garrison and in those counties are fit to be disbanded.
Upon petition of the stationer and printer of the lord Lou- don's speeches they are discharged.
The grand committee sat in the afternoon about bishops' lands.
24. Progress about bishops' lands.
Complaints from the north of their burdens.
Vote that the chancery shall not proceed in any cause determinable at law.
High-sheriffs nominated.
Ordinance passed for the two speakers to be commissioners of the seal.
26. Progress about the sale of bishops' lands.
The lords desired the concurrence of the commons for the quartering of sir Thomas Fairfax's army more northerly.
Orders for supplies of forces.
Both houses voted captain Swanley to be admiral of the Irish seas.
Order to audit the arrears of colonel Fleetwood.
Debate about the Scots papers touching the disposal of the king's person, and it was referred back to the committee.
Indictment in Bucks for not reading the Common Prayer complained of.
Ordered that an ordinance be brought in to take away the statute that enjoins it, and to disable malignant ministers from preaching.
This was much opposed by me and some others, as con- trary to that principle which the parliament had avowed of liberty of conscience, and like that former way complained of against the bishops for silencing of ministers.
Progress about the assessments for the army.
A petition and letters from the north informed that the Scots army quartering in those parts tax them seven times more than their revenue, rob, beat, and kill the inhabitants, who are more slaves to them than any are in Turkey.
That the plague was begun amongst them.
27. Orders for compositions, and for the committee of Gold- smiths'-hall to put in execution the ordinances for seques- trations.
Order for a collection for the poor.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 81
The city of Chester chose Mr. recorder Glyn to be an alder- man of that city instead of the earl of Derby.
Sir Thomas Wharton, sir Robert King, sir John Clotworthy, sir Robert Meredeth, and major Salwey, appointed commis- sioners for Ireland.
28. The monthly fast kept.
Care for the io,ooo£. for widows and wives of soldiers and others.
Three ministers sent to preach in Wales.
Mr. Sympson, formerly silenced from preaching, because he differed in judgment from the assembly in some points, was restored to his liberty.
29. Progress in the grand committee upon the sale of bishops' lands.
The lord Monson, a member of the house of commons, de- Privilege, sired to wave his privilege, and to have a suit against him proceed : the house appointed an ordinance to be brought in to take away the privilege, as to title and debts ; the person only to be privileged, and not his lands or goods.
Both houses agreed to the ordinance to make void all titles and honours granted under the great seal after it was carried away from the parliament.
Letters from major-general Poyntz and others informed that the Scots laid intolerable assesses upon the country, and kept sentinels and guards, as if they had enemies near them, and examined all passengers.
The house ordered that sir Thomas Fairfax should give command to major-general Poyntz and colonel Rossiter to keep guards, and examine all passing that way northward.
30. The grand committee sat about the ordinance for sale of bishops1 lands.
Order for drawing off all the great guns from the works for the ease of London and Westminster, and a regiment of twelve hundred to be completed for the guards.
An ordinance committed for sale of the estates of the earl of Worcester, &c.
An ordinance read to constitute the two speakers fully com- missioners of the seal.
31. Progress upon the bishops' ordinance.
A letter of the Scots commissioners, complaining of the ne- Scots com- cessities of their army, and of some scandalous papers printed m
WHITELOCK, VOL. II. G
82 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
of the sufferings of the northern parts by their army, referred to the committee for complaints.
Letters informed that lieutenant-general Lesley gave a pro- tection to one Metcalfe in the north, a great papist, to free him from assessments, team-horses, free quarter, &c.
Order that the Scots commissioners be acquainted with it. Great seal. The ordinance passed, and the great seal was delivered to the two speakers as commissioners of it, in the presence of both houses.
November 1646.
2. The third ordinance for sale of bishops' lands ordered to be sent up to the lords.
A committee appointed to consider what allowances are fit to be to the bishops.
The commissioners of the great seal began the business of the seal, and one judge and a master of the chancery sat by turns to hear the causes there.
Denbigh- castle was surrendered upon articles to major- general Mitton.
Letters informed that sir James Lesley had demanded the fee-farm rents in the north for the king, and forbids the pay- ment of them to any other.
That on the fast-day they were at play at the court.
That the marquis of Huntley and the Gordons refuse to submit.
That the earl of Antrim is strengthened from Ireland and by Montrose's men.
That the French ambassador was constantly with the king.
3. Votes for due observation of the articles of Oxford, and touching compositions, and for keeping other articles in- violably.
227 The lords desired a committee might be appointed to con- sider of the disposal of the great seal after the time that the two speakers expired.
The grand committee ordered to sit in the afternoon touch- ing the assessment.
Men and supplies hastened for Ireland.
4. Order for 1500^. arrears to be paid to colonel Purefoy. An ordinance touching the approbation of gifted-men to
preach laid aside.
Debate upon an ordinance for repairing churches and
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 83
chapels ruinated in the war, and another for payment of church duties.
5. The gunpowder treason day kept.
Information touching passes granted by the king to ship- masters.
The papers of the lord- chancellor of Scotland's speeches, &c., touching the disposal of the king's person, said to be printed first at Edinburgh, and afterwards reprinted at Lon- don, notwithstanding the prohibition of the parliament to the contrary.
6. Progress upon the whole day's debate touching the sale of bishops' lands.
The rebels were in a great body within eight miles of Dublin.
7. A committee named to inquire out the printers of the lord London's papers.
Order for 5000^. for the treasurers for advancing plate, &c.
A message to the lords to name a committee to be of both houses, to consider of the disposal of the great seal.
Debate upon the ordinance for sale of delinquents' estates.
Letters of sad complaints from the northern parts, of the sufferings by the Scots army, referred to a committee, and power given to them to hear complaints of the like nature from the country.
9. A committee named of both houses to consider of the disposing of the great seal after the time expired of the pre- sent commissioners.
Debate about a petition of the duke of Bucks concerning his sequestration, and about the selling of bishops' lands.
Letters from York of the oppressions of the Scots army mention, that either the country must fall upon the Scots or forsake their own habitations and livelihoods; that among the English forces are mutinies upon mutinies, and much feared that they will be broken, and that the Scots will entertain them.
Letters from Ireland informed the danger that Dublin was in ; that sir Arthur Ashton was there with the marquis of Or- mond; and all the citizens, papists and protestants, were com- manded duty.
That the Irish rebels grew strong and numerous, and have straitened Dublin by taking all the out-garrisons.
84 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
That the governor coming forth to treat upon articles for the surrender of it, the rebels in the mean time surprised the garrison, killed the governor and the minister, and many others.
10. Ordinances passed for compositions.
Order to put in execution the ordinance for sequestrations, and about such as have not made their compositions, and that no delinquent shall have his estate farmed to him or any in trust for him, unless he be effectually going on in his compo- sition ; and other orders to bring in money.
11. Vote to slight Rockingham-castle.
An ordinance committed to appoint three ministers to preach in Cirencester, and another for maintenance for all the preaching ministers in the kingdom.
Orders for writs for new elections.
12. An ordinance sent up to the lords for redemption of captives taken by the Turks and Moors.
An ordinance sent up to the lords enabling the committee of the navy to borrow 1 2,ooo/. to buy powder.
Order for the privilege of the sergeant-at-arms attending the house.
The ordinance for sale of delinquents' estates altered by the lords.
13. Both houses ordered to go to sir Thomas Fairfax to congratulate his coming to town, and to give him their hearty thanks for his good services.
Both houses constituted the earl of Mulgrave vice-admiral of Yorkshire, in the place of his father lately deceased. Col. Monk. Upon a message from the lords, that colonel Monk, a pri- soner to the parliament, had taken the covenant, and was ready to take the negative oath, and their lordships conceived him a fit man to be employed in the service of Ireland, in regard of his abilities in martial affairs, and desired a com- mission might be granted to him for that purpose ; the com- mons agreed thereunto.
Debate about the sale of bishops' lands.
14. A vote for an ordinance to pay 12,5007. arrears to re- duced officers out of lands of papists and excepted persons which they should find out.
The declaration read concerning the payment of the 2.ooo£.
to the Scots. I
00.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 85
A petition of ten thousand clothiers referred to a com- mittee.
Both houses visited the general.
16. The visits of the general by the two houses were seve- Both houses ral : first, the house of lords and their speaker complimented Fairfel?61 him, and then the house of commons ; and to both he made a short and modest answer.
Debate touching the pay of the army.
A petition of the duke of Bucks granted by the lords, but the commons referred it to the committee of sequestrations. I took pains in this business on the behalf of the duke, in respect of the near relation of my family to his.
Some alterations of the lords to the ordinance for sale of bishops' lands assented to, others not.
Petitions of sir Robert Cook and Mr. Henry Cook referred to the committee of sequestrations.
A proclamation of sir Thomas Fairfax by sound of trumpet for all his officers to return to their quarters.
Letters from Newcastle informed that the parliament of Scotland had confirmed what their commissioners had done concerning the disposal of the king's person, to be with all honour and freedom, &c., at which there was much joy at Newcastle.
Letters from major-general Poyntz informed that an un- paralleled mutiny was among the soldiers of the garrison of Mutiny at York.
That about six o'clock in the morning, a multitude of them came to his house, and began to break his windows, and cried, " Money, money, money," and endeavoured to break open his doors.
That he went out to them, and asked them what they de- sired; they cocked their matches, and held their pikes at his breast ; cried, " Money, money, money," and that they would have him and the committee along with them, till all their arrears were paid, which was but six weeks, their officers 228 having received ten days before a month's pay, which they had paid them.
That the major-general told them this carriage would bring them to shame and infamy, and gave them such language as became a commander to insolent soldiers ; at which, some of them being afraid, and others persuaded, they went along with
86 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
him to the lord mayor's house, where they found another company of mutinous soldiers, who had broken into the lord mayor's bedchamber, and given him very opprobrious speeches. That he seeing but six or seven of them in the chamber drew his sword and wounded two of them, and thereupon the rest fell upon their knees and asked pardon, and the major-general went out with his sword drawn into the streets, and all the soldiers laid down their arms and departed, and so the mutiny ended, and the committee paid the soldiers all their arrears, dismissed them, and other companies were brought into the garrison.
Order for money for major-general Poyntz, and that the mutineers should be tried by martial law.
Ill weather hindered the forces going for Ireland ; but after- wards about two thousand of them were shipped. Duke of 17. Vote for an allowance of 7,500^. per annum for the duke of York, and left to the earl of Northumberland to choose servants for him.
Orders touching the repair of Humber banks and New- castle bridges, &c.
The ordinance passed for redemption of captives taken by the Turks.
The ordinance passed for raising the 2oo,coo/. for the Scots army.
18. Orders for new elections.
An ordinance read for enjoining the covenant to be taken by all, and thereupon a debate about tender consciences.
Referred to the speaker to grant warrants for persons upon an information of danger, and secrecy ordered.
Conway-castle surrendered to the parliament.
The assembly kept a fast.
Hudson, the king's guide, escaped prison.
19. Order for lol. per week allowance for the marquis of Winton and his lady.
Petition A petition of many of Kent presented to the house, from Kent. rpj^ ministers may not receive tithes for their maintenance, but be provided for some other way.
The house gave them thanks for their good affections. An ordinance read for explanation of a former ordinance for sale of bishops' lands.
#0. Debate upon the ordinance for blasphemies and here-
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 87
sies, and upon the explanatory ordinance for sale of bishops' lands.
21. A discovery of Mr. Mynnes's delinquency, and ordered that 4000^. in the hands of sir Humphry Forster, due to Mr. Mynnes, should be paid in by him to the committee of Haber- dashers'-hall.
Debate upon the ordinance for pay for sir Thomas Fairfax's army.
23. Debate iipon the ordinance against blasphemies and he- resies, and the punishment voted to be death.
The lord mayor and aldermen of London gave a congratu- latory visit to sir Thomas Fairfax, and the recorder made a speech to him.
The committee of Westminster imprisoned bailiffs who ar- rested their officers.
Letters from Newcastle informed that the earl of Antrim and Kilketto in Scotland refuse to lay down arms, and the rest of the Gordons' part, though the king sent to them to do it.
Some of the mutineers at York executed.
Some of the supplies for Ireland were safely landed there.
24. A report from the committee touching the conference About dis- with the Scots commissioners, about disposing of the king's {^Ting's person, in which the Scots urged, that it might be done person. by joint consent of both kingdoms, and in their speeches seemed to reflect and bring an odium upon the proceedings
of the parliament in that business, and to persuade the people into such an opinion, and in favour of what the Scots com- missioners had said therein.
That the papers of the speeches of the Scots commissioners in this business had been unduly printed to this end, that the Scots had promised to bring in their positive answer to this business, but had not yet done it, whereupon the committee had framed a declaration in vindication of the parliament's proceedings, which was read.
Referred to the committee of both kingdoms to treat with the Scots commissioners about the time and place of payment of the first i oo,ooo£. to them, which was now ready, and about the march of their army out of England.
A committee made to consider of the losses of the lord Say, sir Rowland Wandesford, colonel Fleetwood, and other officers
88 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
of the court of wards, by the taking away that court, and how they may have a satisfaction.
Order for payment of arrears to sir Edward Doddesworth, commissary of the horse to the earl of Essex, and for auditing the arrears of the officers of colonel Massey's brigade, and about 40,ooo/. for officers of the fourth list.
Letters that Dublin was well fortified to resist the rebels.
25. The fast-day, and some new members took the cove- nant.
26. A declaration passed for security of those who double their money owing upon the public faith towards the raising of the 200, ooo/. for the Scots.
Order for a new election.
Order touching the io,ooo£. for the necessitous persons, widows, &c.
Leave for colonel Popham and Mr. Gaudy to go into the country.
Letters informed the landing of the English forces at Dub- lin, and sir Charles Coote breaking through the rebels' army with a party, caused them to draw further off from Dublin, and that the lord Inchequin hath had success against the rebels in Munster.
27. The house sat till six at night about the declaration of the arguments and answers in the conferences with the Scots commissioners touching the disposing of the king's person.
Tombs de- The hearse and effigies of the late earl of Essex was cut to pieces and defaced, as it stood in the abbey of Westminster, and the like barbarous action was to the tomb of old Cambden there.
28. Vote of both houses for the earl of Rutland to be jus- tice in eyre of all his majesty's forests and chases beyond Trent.
Scots pa- The house sat till five at night about the declaration touch- ing the Scots papers, and passed it. Carried in the negative, not to be sent to the lords for their concurrence, but to be enclosed and sent in a letter from the speaker to the Scots commissioners here, and afterwards to be printed and published. 229 30. Debate upon the ordinance against heresies and blas- phemies, wherein those of the presbyterian judgment were very violent and severe. I spake to the displeasure of them, about the uncertainty of the words blasphemy and heresy.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 89
Letters from major-general Poyntz informed of a design to surprise Pomfret for the king, but discovered and pre- vented: others, that his majesty had given commissions to divers gentlemen in the north lately to raise forces against the parliament : others, that there was a late conspiracy to betray Lynne.
The house ordered all the conspirators to be sent for by a sergeant-at-arms, and letters to major-general Poyntz and general Leven to assist the sergeant's deputies for the appre- hending of them.
Orders for supplies of money for the garrisons of Lynne and of Portsmouth.
The lords' concurrence desired to the vote for the com- mittee to treat with the Scots commissioners about the time and place of payment of the 2oo,ooo/., and the advance of the Scots army.
Referred to the committee of the navy to consider of rais- ing money to repair the banks of Humber.
Letters from Ireland informed, that after the parliament's commissioners and forces were landed at Dublin road, the marquis of Ormond, contrary to expectation and the former Ormond. treaty, denied to deliver possession of Dublin to them, be- cause he had not yet received his majesty's consent there- unto ; and upon this the parliament's commissioners shipped again the forces to join with the British forces at Belfast.
That the Irish rebels upon the coming of the English forces were so terrified, that they drew off, and attempted nothing against Dublin, and that nothing was attempted against them by the marquis of Ormond. December 1646.
1. Report from the committee appointed to give in three names of gentlemen in each county fit to be made sheriffs, and the house chose one of the three, and went this day through most of the counties.
Order to revive committees that sat de die in diem, that old businesses may be despatched.
Order to state accounts of Massey's men.
The declaration touching the Scots papers being sent to their commissioners, they sent it back again, because it came not from both houses, and the commons ordered it to be printed.
90 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
It was wondered at by many that the concurrence of the ^OY^S wag Declined in this business, but a great ground thereof was, to have the more expedition, and because it was supposed the lords would not consent to many parts of it.
The single and great question was,
Whether the kingdom of Scotland had any right of joint exercise of interest in disposing of the person of the king in the kingdom of England ?
The papers, arguments, objections, and answers between the committee of parliament and the Scots commissioners upon this point were very long, and are in print by them- selves, therefore here omitted. And their proposal, that the king might come to London with honour, freedom, and safety, is there considered.
2. The ordinance sent up to the lords for the assessment for the army, and orders for speedy collecting it, passed, and a complaint against colonel King for obstructing the levying of moneys in Lincolnshire, referred to a committee.
A fast appointed for averting God's judgments by the un- seasonable rain.
Debate about provisions for the next summer's fleet, and about habeas corpus.
3. Orders touching arrears of reduced officers, and about the T o,ooo/, for widows of soldiers, &c.
Order for the speaker to write to the several committees to advance the coming in of the excise.
The assembly presented to the house the last part of the confession of faith.
4. Petitions of the suffering gentry of Durham and of Rut- landshire, by the insupportable burdens of the Scots army upon them, ordered to be considered.
Debate upon the ordinance for the assessment for sir Thomas Fairfax's army, and a proviso to exempt the north- ern counties from the tax, laid aside, and another to exempt college- rents : the ordinance sent up to the lords.
Order to state the accounts of major-general Massey, now a member of the house.
5. Order to send down the ioo,ooo£. to York for the Scots army, and for sir Thomas Fairfax to send a convoy with it.
An ordinance sent to the lords for redemption of the cap- tives of Algiers.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 91
Great endeavours were to get hands to a petition of the Divisions, city of the former strain, and to settle the presbytery and suppress sectaries, &c. ; contrived by some to raise divisions.
7. Debate about the latter part of the Confession of Faith, and five hundred copies of it ordered to be printed for the members of both houses, and that the assembly do bring in Assembly, their marginal notes to prove every part of it by Scripture,
and their answer to the queries touching the point of jus Jus di-
T • vinum.
divinum.
A committee of both houses appointed to consider of the business of the petition now in agitation in the city, which may tend much to endanger the peace of the parliament and city, and to find out some expedient to preserve the peace.
Order for the committee of both kingdoms to conclude the treaty with the Scots commissioners about the marching of their army out of England. (
Order for a new election.
Order to send for the bishop of Worcester.
Sir William Russel and the mayor in custody.
Order for loool. for physicians and chirurgeons to look to the maimed soldiers.
Order to free the libraries and other things in Oxford use- ful for learning from sequestration.
Letters from Ireland informed that the lord Digby told the nuncio there, that he had done ill service to the king, and the nuncio told him thrice he lied.
Four thousand pounds allotted for Ireland.
8. A full agreement with the Scots commissioners, that Agreement when 100,000?. come to Topcliflfe, the Scots shall give host.g^sthe ages to quit all their quarters, possessions, and garrisons
on the south of Tyne within ten days, and then the hostages to be redelivered, and upon delivery of the other i oo,ooo/. on the north of Newcastle, the Scots to deliver hostages to march out of England, Berwick, Carlisle, and the garrisons in Scotland to be slighted within ten days.
For the second 200,000^. the Scots are to have the public faith, and 900?. were allowed to the tellers of the 200,000^, 230 and i6oo/. for the charge of the carriages of it.
Vote, that all who shall raise forces against the parliament Vote. or either house hereafter shall die without mercy, and have their estates confiscated.
92! MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
And in all these votes the lords concurred.
Supplies for the northern forces.
Orders touching compositions for delinquents.
Upon suspicion of a plot to surprise York, major-general Poyntz drew in his forces into the city.
General Leven and sir James Lumsden governor of New- castle published a proclamation, that all who had borne arms against either kingdom should depart the town and all quarter of the Scots army within twenty-four hours.
9. The fast-day. After sermons, the house passed the ordi- nance for the better observation of the Lord's day.
10. Debate touching compositions.
Petition of colonel Whaly, that the earl of Newcastle un- justly possessed an estate of $ool. per annum of the colonel's father, and prayed he might have that estate upon sale, in lieu of so much of his arrears ; which being proved, the house ordered accordingly.
Order that delinquents' tenants for life might compound for one year's value.
Letters of the French ambassador stopped, ordered to be redelivered to him.
For colonel Purefoy to have 1 5oo/. of his arrears, and for sir Walter Earle to have 75o/.
Order for new elections.
The city petition formerly mentioned was presented to the lord mayor, aldermen, and common- council ; the petitioners had thanks, were desired to return home in peace ; and the petition referred to a committee of the aldermen and com- mon-council.
11. Upon debate in the grand committee a sub-committee was appointed to bring in an ordinance to take away all coercive power of committees, and another to take away all arbitrary power from both or either of the houses of parlia- ment, or any of their committees, in any matter between party and party.
I laboured much in promoting of these votes, and drawing of the ordinances, as that which I thought would be for the honour of parliament and the ease and right of the people.
Upon recommendation of sir Thomas Fairfax the house voted major-general Skippon to be governor of Newcastle and Tinmouth, and to keep still the command of Bristol by
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 93
a deputy, and to command in chief the convoy of the
2OO,OOO/.
Upon extraordinary confluence of delinquents and papists to London,
An ordinance passed both houses to put them out of Lon- don, and twenty miles distant, for two months.
Upon a petition of reduced officers, an ordinance was ap- pointed to be brought in for sale of delinquents' and papists' estates, to pay the petitioners in such manner as the sale is to be of bishops' lands.
Debate about the answer to the queries touching jus divinum, and about Mr. Dell's sermon.
14. Desires of the Scots commissioners touching the pay- ment of the last 2oo,coo/. debated, but not granted.
Letters from Newcastle informed of the continuance of delinquents in great numbers thereabouts, of a Dunkirk ship come to Tinmouth, and a book there printed in answer to the assembly of divines, and for episcopacy. That some of the malignants there were apprehended by the major.
That twenty thousand men were to be shipped from Hol- land, French and English, for England, under the duke of Lorrain to be general, and prince Rupert to be lieutenant- general, to assist the king. That this is procured by the French ambassador now with his majesty, and that he hin- dered the surrender of Dublin to the parliament's commis- sioners.
15. Sir David Watkins reported upon the exchange that sir John Evelyn, a member of the house, said, that since the citizens of London intended to come to the parliament with their petition in a tumultuous and unlawful manner, that he thought fit sir Thomas Fairfax's army should be sent for to quell those mechanic spirits. This testified by Mr. Pennoyer : and thereupon sir David Watkins was sent for to answer this scandal.
Referred to the committee of the north to name six knights and six esquires, for the house to choose of them three knights and three esquires, to be hostages for payment of the money to the Scots, and care taken for sending down the money.
Vote for Mr. Bence to be a commissioner of the navy.
Ordinance sent up to the lords for payment of 500^. to
94 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
Mr. Phips out of the marquis of Winton's estate, for which sir John Danvers was engaged.
11 A Scotch minister preached boldly before the king at New-
castle, and after his sermon called for the fifty- second psalm, which begins, Why dost thou, tyrant, boast thyself, thy wicked works to praise ?
His majesty thereupon stood up, and called for the fifty- sixth psalm, which begins, Have mercy, Lord, on me I pray, for men would me devour.
The people waved the minister's psalm and sung that which the king called for.
16. An ordinance sent up to the lords for disposing 455o/. arrears of the jointure of the countess of Essex, by reason of her delinquency.
Sir David Watkins called into the house, denied the words which Mr. Pennoyer justified to be spoken by him of sir John Evelyn, and said he heard them from one Mr. Drake, who was ordered to be sent for.
The two speakers continued commissioners for the great seal twenty days longer.
Order for the committee of elections to sit, and for reports every Monday from the committee of privileges.
The lords' concurrence desired to the treaty for the 200,oco/., and j oo,ooo/. of it sent away.
17. Order for 3000^. for the poor widows, &c.
ges. Hostages agreed to by the Scots for the 2OO,ooo/., sir Wil- liam Selby, Mr. de la Vale, sir Edward Loftus, sir Thomas Trollop, sir Henry Mildway, and sir William Browton.
Mr. Drake called in about speaking the words touching sir John Evelyn, named one Mr. Aldwyn, who said he heard it from a member of the house, referred to a committee.
18. To the Scots paper desiring aid of this kingdom against the rebels in Scotland, the house answered, that that was no obstruction of their march or delivery up of the garrisons,
23 1 which being done, then the house would consider of that particular.
To that of charging the country upon their march out of England, was answered, that they should take no money nor goods of the English subjects, but pay and discharge all their quarters; and the form of their receipts for the 2oo,ooo/. was agreed upon.
IN THE YEAR MDCXLVI. 95
The committee of both houses ordered to meet about dis- posing the great seal.
Sir Thomas Fairfax went towards Northampton to give order for the convoy of the Scots money ; and 50,000^. was carried thither for his army.
19. Order for 2ooo/. for sir Peter Killegrew for his interest in Pendennis-castle, and for loool. for the burying of the earl of Worcester, and the Dockra, to be according to the Directory.
The lord mayor, aldermen, and common-council, and many Petitions, citizens of London, presented the petition formerly men- tioned first to the lords, who gave them thanks, then to the commons, who, after much debate, gave them thanks for all their good services, and appointed a day to consider of the petition, and also the petition of the gentry of Durham.
Another considerable party of the city were about a dif- ferent petition.
21. Orders touching the payment of the second 2OO,ooo/. to the Scots, and that they should not take free quarter. These to be communicated to the Scots commissioners.
The earl of Stamford for the lords, and Mr. Ashhurst and Commis-
, . . sioners for
Mr. Goodwin for the commons, named commissioners to go Scotland, into Scotland to satisfy the parliament there of all proceed- ings, and to prevent misunderstandings between the two kingdoms ; and a committee appointed to draw instructions for them.
Upon a petition of many of Durham, that the Scots army Durham's may be removed, and 25,666^. paid, due to them since 1641, pet and that they may send knights and burgesses to the parlia- ment, the house gave this answer, that they were sensible of the country's sufferings, and had taken course to remove the armies ; and concerning their electing knights and burgesses for the parliament, it was referred to a committee.
Colonel Hoskins voted to be governor of Lynne.
Both houses agreed to an ordinance for maintaining of the water- guards. And the lords sent an ordinance to the com- mons, that none be permitted to preach, or use public exer- cise, but such as had taken degrees in the universities ; and another ordinance against such as shall disturb the ministers in their public exercises.
22. The house agreed that sir Richard Lloyd, governor of
96 MEMORIALS OF THE ENGLISH AFFAIRS
Holt-castle, should have liberty to go beyond sea, and carry 300^. with him, and his wife to enjoy his land, being 300^. per annum. And they voted that Holt, Flint, Harding, Rothe- land, and Ruthen castles should be slighted.
Sir William Lister's lady ordered to have 6iol. of her hus- band's arrears; and zoool. to colonel Carter; and %5oo/. to major-general Skippon for his extraordinary charges in con- voying the 20O,ooo/.
The lords sent their votes to the commons,
That the king should come to Newmarket upon the Scots army marching away.
Upon debate of the city petition the house voted, first to insist upon the breach of privilege in the way of this petition, and then to consider of the particulars of the petition, and for that purpose referred it to a committee.
Duke of The earl of Northumberland acquainted the lords, that some persons had a plot to steal away the duke of York, and to carry him beyond sea, and that by advice from his ma- jesty : two that were in the plot were apprehended, and the rest escaped.
Mr. Hudson, the king's guide to the Scots, was taken again by major-general Poyntz, and his examination sent up to the parliament.